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Grekelin: Difference between revisions
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Grekelin is a Hellenic language with strong Hungarian influence. It was initially coined as a result of contact between the Greek refugees in Hungary in the 15th century, although the language referring to that era is referred to as Proto-Grekelin and Grekelin itself has diverged too much from it. Today, Grekelin is spoken in a few Hungarian and Serbian villages, with respectively higher influence from Hungarian and Slavic. Grekelin holds some mutual intelligibility with Modern Greek, if the sentence is too simple and intentionally designed to be similar to Greek. | |||
Grekelin is a | |||
Grekelin is written using the Greek alphabet, although some letters have changed sounds and others have been added or removed. | Grekelin is written using the Greek alphabet, although some letters have changed sounds and others have been added or removed. | ||
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The letters correspond always to their pronunciation, unless there's a borrow used (eg. ''είς''). The Grekelin orthography is considered a [[w:phonetic orthography|phonetic]], as opposed to deep orthographies like [[w:French orthography|French's]]. | The letters correspond always to their pronunciation, unless there's a borrow used (eg. ''είς''). The Grekelin orthography is considered a [[w:phonetic orthography|phonetic]], as opposed to deep orthographies like [[w:French orthography|French's]]. | ||
==Geographic Distribution== | |||
Grekelin today has about 1.3 million speakers, spread out all across Central Europe. Out of them, 300.000 lived in Hungary, where a region uses it as an official language, another 400.000 live in Serbia or Greece, and 600.000 are speaking it as a native language across the world. It forms the majority language in ''North Banat'' and some spread out parts of Slovakia and Ukraine. It forms a significant language in Hungary and is also spoken in Greece. Generally, its speakers are considered of Greek descent or natives of the land they live in, adopting Grekelin as their language. | |||
Proto-Grekelin is also considered not extinct yet, with about 1000 speakers, mainly in Southern Slovakia. | |||
==Stress== | ==Stress== | ||
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# Articles can be skipped although some cases may be confusing without it. The only article in the language is "τάν", since Grekelin does not have genders. | # Articles can be skipped although some cases may be confusing without it. The only article in the language is "τάν", since Grekelin does not have genders. | ||
# The plural is formed by adding the plural syllable ''κέ-'' in the beginning of the word. Eg. ''μύσι'' -> ''κέμύσι'' | # The plural is formed by adding the plural syllable ''κέ-'' in the beginning of the word. Eg. ''μύσι'' -> ''κέμύσι'' | ||
# Grekelin does not make conjugation necessary, if a pronoun precedes the verb. Eg. '' | # Grekelin does not make conjugation necessary, if a pronoun precedes the verb. Eg. ''θίλε'' -> ''σίχ θίλ<b>ο</b>''. | ||
# The English article "a" (eg. ''A'' block) is used in Grekelin as "έγυ" (Lit. "one"). | # The English article "a" (eg. ''A'' block) is used in Grekelin as "έγυ" (Lit. "one"). | ||
# Personal pronouns are "Ίχ, σίχ, τίχ | Μύχ, νύχ, βάρ", respectively "I, you, he/she/it | We, you (plural), they" | # Personal pronouns are "Ίχ, σίχ, τίχ | Μύχ, νύχ, βάρ", respectively "I, you, he/she/it | We, you (plural), they" | ||
==Dialects== | ==Dialects== | ||
Grekelin has two dialects, depending on where each is spoken. These are the Slavic and Urlogrockae dialects. | Grekelin has two dialects, depending on where each is spoken. These are the Slavic and Urlogrockae dialects. | ||
===Slavic=== | |||
The Slavic dialect can be distinguished by some certain features that aren't present in Standard Grekelin: | |||
<ul> | |||
<li>Feature of [[w:Palatalization|Palatalization (phonetics)]], primarily borrowed from Russian and other Eastern Slavic languages.</li> | |||
<li>Skipping of the verb "to be" (έςτ') in the present tense (Τάν έςτέ' έγύ βλέμίνι -> Τάν´ έγυ βλέμίνι), if the subject can be assumed.</li> | |||
<li>Preserving the Greek letter ''ή'' which is lost in Standard Grekelin (Ίχ θίλο έγύ καφέ -> Ίχ θήλο έγυ καφέ) especially in the genitive case (Πέγνιί -> Πέγνηή).</li> | |||
<li>In some more isolated places (South-East Slovakia for example), the Cyrillic alphabet is used altogether.</li> | |||
<li>The letter "υ" represents the ''"ɨ"'' sound instead of the ''"u"'' one, when stressed.</li> | |||
<li>Borrow of Slavic words instead of using Grekelin ones (''Τάν κάρκα'' -> ''Τάν στύλα'').</li> | |||
<li>Preserving the dative case (Είς τάν μίρα -> Μηραηδύ) (NOTE: The dative case fixes the stress on the last vowel, which must be an ''ύ'').</li> | |||
<li>Not using multiple stresses for extremely long words. | |||
<ul> | |||
The Slavic dialect is spoken fluently in the Vojvodina region of Serbia, where it is flourishing as a local language. It is also spoken by a tiny community living in Čierna (Jέ´ρνα). | |||
==Example texts== | ==Example texts== | ||