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{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! colspan="4" | Gothic !! Name !! IPA !! colspan="2" | Latin | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | colspan="2" | Uppercase || colspan="2" | Lowercase || || || Uppercase || Lowercase | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[File:GothicA.png|30px]] || Ʌ || [[File:Gothic.a.png|30px]] || ɑ || ɑσp ''ask'' || a || A || a | | [[File:GothicA.png|30px]] || Ʌ || [[File:Gothic.a.png|30px]] || ɑ || ɑσp ''ask'' || a || A || a | ||
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| [[File:GothicD.png|30px]] || Δ || [[File:Gothic.d.png|30px]] || ɔ || ɔɑp̑ ''dach'' || d || D || d | | [[File:GothicD.png|30px]] || Δ || [[File:Gothic.d.png|30px]] || ɔ || ɔɑp̑ ''dach'' || d || D || d | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[File:GothicE.png|30px]] || Є || [[File:Gothic.e.png|30px]] || ε || bε ''ioe'' || | | [[File:GothicE.png|30px]] || Є || [[File:Gothic.e.png|30px]] || ε || bε ''ioe'' || e || E || e | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[File:GothicEU.png|30px]] || Ɵ || [[File:Gothic.eu.png|30px]] || ɵ || ɵþϕɑσσ ''eurthass'' || ɪ || Eu || eu | | [[File:GothicEU.png|30px]] || Ɵ || [[File:Gothic.eu.png|30px]] || ɵ || ɵþϕɑσσ ''eurthass'' || ɪ || Eu || eu | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[File:GothicÖ.png|30px]] || Ɛ || [[File:Gothic.ö.png|30px]] || e || eþϕ ''eorth'' || | | [[File:GothicÖ.png|30px]] || Ɛ || [[File:Gothic.ö.png|30px]] || e || eþϕ ''eorth'' || ø || Eo || eo | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[File:GothicSchwa.png|30px]] || Э || [[File:Gothic.schwa.png|30px]] || ɜ || σ̇ƚɑɑ ''shfaa'' || ə || A || a | | [[File:GothicSchwa.png|30px]] || Э || [[File:Gothic.schwa.png|30px]] || ɜ || σ̇ƚɑɑ ''shfaa'' || ə || A || a | ||
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| [[File:GothicÐ.png|30px]] || Ψ || [[File:Gothic.ð.png|30px]] || ϕ || ϕuϕ '' thiuth || θ || Th || th | | [[File:GothicÐ.png|30px]] || Ψ || [[File:Gothic.ð.png|30px]] || ϕ || ϕuϕ '' thiuth || θ || Th || th | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[File:GothicI.png|30px]] || I || [[File:Gothic.i.png|30px]] || ı || εıε ''eie'' || | | [[File:GothicI.png|30px]] || I || [[File:Gothic.i.png|30px]] || ı || εıε ''eie'' || ɪ || I || i | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[File:GothicIU.png|30px]] || U || [[File:Gothic.iu.png|30px]] || u || μup̑ ''miuch'' || ɨ || Iu || iu | | [[File:GothicIU.png|30px]] || U || [[File:Gothic.iu.png|30px]] || u || μup̑ ''miuch'' || ɨ || Iu || iu | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[File:GothicY.png|30px]] || Ю || [[File:Gothic.y.png|30px]] || b || cebл ''geiol'' || | | [[File:GothicY.png|30px]] || Ю || [[File:Gothic.y.png|30px]] || b || cebл ''geiol'' || ʏ || Io || io | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[File:GothicK.png|30px]] || P || [[File:Gothic.k.png|30px]] || p || pnσɑμ ''kusam'' || k || K || k | | [[File:GothicK.png|30px]] || P || [[File:Gothic.k.png|30px]] || p || pnσɑμ ''kusam'' || k || K || k | ||
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| [[File:GothicJ.png|30px]] || G || [[File:Gothic.j.png|30px]] || ɥ || ɥεεþ ''jeer'' || j || J || j | | [[File:GothicJ.png|30px]] || G || [[File:Gothic.j.png|30px]] || ɥ || ɥεεþ ''jeer'' || j || J || j | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[File:GothicU.png|30px]] || Ƞ || [[File:Gothic.u.png|30px]] || n || onþε ''oure'' || | | [[File:GothicU.png|30px]] || Ƞ || [[File:Gothic.u.png|30px]] || n || onþε ''oure'' || ʊ || U || u | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[File:GothicUI.png|30px]] || Ɱ || [[File:Gothic.ui.png|30px]] || m || ponı ''koui'' || ʊ || Ui || ui | | [[File:GothicUI.png|30px]] || Ɱ || [[File:Gothic.ui.png|30px]] || m || ponı ''koui'' || ʊ || Ui || ui | ||
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| [[File:GothicF.png|30px]] || F || [[File:Gothic.f.png|30px]] || ƚ || ƚɑɑ ''faa'' || f || F || f | | [[File:GothicF.png|30px]] || F || [[File:Gothic.f.png|30px]] || ƚ || ƚɑɑ ''faa'' || f || F || f | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[File:GothicO.png|30px]] || O || [[File:Gothic.o.png|30px]] || o || ooϕɑл ''oothal'' || | | [[File:GothicO.png|30px]] || O || [[File:Gothic.o.png|30px]] || o || ooϕɑл ''oothal'' || o || O || o | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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=== Phonology === | === Phonology === | ||
==== Consonants ==== | ==== Consonants ==== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|- | |- | ||
! !! Labial !! Dental !! Coronal !! Dorsal !! Glottal | ! !! Labial !! Dental !! Coronal !! Dorsal !! Glottal | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nasal | | ! style=text-align:left | Nasal | ||
| m || || n || (ŋ)<sup>1</sup> || | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Stop | | ! style=text-align:left | Stop | ||
| p<sup>2</sup> b || || t<sup>2</sup> d || k<sup>2</sup> g || | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Affricate || | ! style=text-align:left | Affricate | ||
| || || tʃ dʒ || || | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Fricative | | ! style=text-align:left | Fricative | ||
| f v<sup>3</sup> || θ ð || t s ʃ ʒ || x || (h)<sup>4</sup> | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Approximant || | ! style=text-align:left | Approximant | ||
| || || || j || | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Trill || | ! style=text-align:left | Trill | ||
| || || r || || | |||
|} | |} | ||
<sup>1</sup> /ŋ/ is found only before the velar stops <br> | <sup>1</sup> /ŋ/ is found only before the velar stops <br> | ||
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<sup>4</sup> /h/ is only found between vowels, and is used to break up vowel sequences | <sup>4</sup> /h/ is only found between vowels, and is used to break up vowel sequences | ||
==== Vowels ==== | ==== Vowels ==== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Front !! rowspan="2" style=vertical-align:top | Central !! rowspan="2" style=vertical-align:top | Back | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Unrounded !! Rounded | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Close | | ! style=text-align:left | Close | ||
| ɪ iː iə̯ || ʏ yː yə̯ || ɨ ɨː || u uː uə̯ | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Close-mid | | ! style=text-align:left | Close-mid | ||
| e eː eə̯ || ø øː øə̯ || || o oː oə̯ | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Open-mid | | ! style=text-align:left | Open-mid | ||
| ɛː ɛə̯ || œː œə̯ || ə || ɔː ɔə̯ | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Open | | ! style=text-align:left | Open | ||
| a aː aə̯ || || || ɑ ɑː ɑə̯ | |||
|} | |} | ||
/ɑə̯/ is incredibly rare, as the environment it comes from was mostly found only in compounds. <br> | /ɑə̯/ is incredibly rare, as the environment it comes from was mostly found only in compounds. <br> | ||
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{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Standard MG !! colspan="2" | Colloquial MG !! rowspan="2" style=vertical-align:top | Eastern MG | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Masculine || Feminine || Masculine || Feminine | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Definite | ! style=text-align:left | Definite | ||
| σ- || ꞇɑ || σ- || ꞇε || tă | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Indefinite | ! style=text-align:left | Indefinite | ||
| colspan="2" | εv || colspan="2" | εv (ɜv) || en | |||
|} | |} | ||
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{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Proximal Demonstratives | |+ Proximal Demonstratives | ||
! | ! rowspan="3" | !! colspan="4" | SMG !! colspan="4" | CMG !! colspan="4" | EMG | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Plural !! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Plural !! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| σɑ || rowspan="2" | ϕoo || σɑı || rowspan="2" | ϕooσ || σɑ || rowspan="2" | ϕoo || σɑı || rowspan="2" | ϕooσ̇ || ta || rowspan="2" | tóv || tej || rowspan="2" | tos | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| σɑv || σɑv || σɑv || σɑv || tan || tan | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive-Locative | | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive-Locative | ||
| σıσ || ϕıσɑσ || σıσɑ || ϕıσɑ || σıþ || colspan="3" | ϕıþɜ || tis || zos || žéj || zóv | |||
|} | |} | ||
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{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Distal Demonstratives | |+ Distal Demonstratives | ||
! | ! rowspan="3" | !! colspan="4" | SMG !! colspan="4" | CMG !! colspan="4" | EMG | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Plural !! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Plural !! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| σɑ̑ɑ̑ || rowspan="2" | ϕɑn || σɑı || rowspan="2" | ϕooσɑ || σɑ̑ɑ̑ || rowspan="2" | ϕɑn || σɑɑ || rowspan="2" | ϕooþ || tȃv || rowspan="2" | tov || taj || rowspan="2" | zo | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| σɑv || σɑvɑ || σɑvɜ || σɑvɜ || nȃv || tan | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive-Locative | | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive-Locative | ||
| σıσɑ || ϕıσɛ || σıσɑ || ϕıσo || σıþ || colspan="3" | ϕıþɛ || zo || zóvz || žéjz || zov | |||
|} | |} | ||
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! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="6" | Possessor !! rowspan="2" | 1st !! Singular | |||
| μɛıvɑv || μɛıvɑvσ || μɛıv || μɛıvɑσ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Plural | |||
| nvσɑþɑv || nvσɑþɑvσ || nvσɑþ || nvσɑþɑσ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="2" | 2nd !! Singular | |||
| ϕɛıvɑv || ϕɛıvɑvσ || ϕɛıv || ϕɛıvɑσ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Plural | |||
| ıσoþɑv || ıσoþɑvσ || ıσoþ || ıσoþɑσ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | 3rd | |||
| ıσɑv || ıσɑvσ || ıσɑσ || ıσɑσɑσ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | Reflexive | |||
| σɛıvɑv || σɛıvɑvσ || σɛıv || σɛıvɑσ | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Colloquial Modern Gothic | |+ Colloquial Modern Gothic | ||
! rowspan="3" colspan="3" | | ! rowspan="3" colspan="3" | !! colspan="3" | Possessee | ||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" style=vertical-align:top | Masculine !! colspan="2" | Feminine | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! scope="col" rowspan="6" | Possessor !! rowspan="2" | 1st !! Singular | ||
| μɛıvɜv || μɛıv || μɛıvɜ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Plural | |||
| nvσɜþv || colspan="2" | nvσɜþ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="2" | 2nd !! Singular | |||
| ϕɛıvɜv || ϕɛıv || ϕɛıvɜ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Plural | |||
| ıþɜþv || ıσoþ || ıþɜ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | 3rd | |||
| ıþɜv || colspan="2" | ıþɜ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | Reflexive | |||
| σɛıvɜv || σɛıv || σɛıvɜ | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Eastern Modern Gothic | |+ Eastern Modern Gothic | ||
! rowspan="3" colspan="3" | | ! rowspan="3" colspan="3" | !! colspan="3" | Possessee | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" style=vertical-align:top | Masculine !! colspan="2" | Feminine | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="6" | Possessor !! rowspan="2" | 1st !! Singular | |||
| méjnăn || méjn || méjnus | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Plural | |||
| unsrn || unsr || unsur | |||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="2" | 2nd !! Singular | |||
| téjnăn || téjn || téjnus | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Plural | |||
| zorăn || zor || zorus | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | 3rd | |||
| zăn || colspan="2" | zus | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | Reflexive | |||
| séjnăn || séjn || séjnus | |||
|} | |} | ||
=== Nouns === | === Nouns === | ||
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==== Strong Declensions ==== | ==== Strong Declensions ==== | ||
{{collapse top}} | {{collapse top}} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ A-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | SMG !! colspan="2" | CMG !! colspan="2" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| rowspan="2" | -∅ || -ɑσ || rowspan="2" | -∅ || rowspan="2" | -ɜ || rowspan="2" | -∅ || -vs | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left | Oblique | |||
| -ɑv || -ăv | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left | Genitive | |||
| -ɑσ || -ɑ || colspan="2" | -ɜ || -js || -e | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Ja-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | SMG !! colspan="2" | CMG !! colspan="2" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| rowspan="3" | -ɥɑσ || -ɥɑσ || rowspan="2" | -∅, -ɥ || rowspan="2" | -ɥɜ || rowspan="2" | -j || -jvs | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left | Oblique | |||
| -ɥɑv || -jăv | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left | Genitive | |||
| -ɥɑ || colspan="2" | -ɥɜ || -js || -je | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ O-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | SMG !! colspan="2" | CMG !! colspan="2" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| rowspan="2" | -∅ || rowspan="2" | -ɑσ || rowspan="2" | -∅ || rowspan="2" | -ɜ || rowspan="2" | -∅ || -vs | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -vv | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| -ɑσ || -ɑ || colspan="2" | -ɜ || -vs || -u | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Jo-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | SMG !! colspan="2" | CMG !! colspan="2" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural || Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| rowspan="2" | -∅ || rowspan="2" | -ɑσ || rowspan="2" | -∅, -ɥ || rowspan="2" | -ɥɜ || -∅ || rowspan="2" | -jvs | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -jai | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| -ɑσ || -ɑ || colspan="2" | -ɥɜ || -jvs || -ju | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ I-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | SMG !! colspan="2" | CMG !! colspan="2" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| rowspan="2" | -∅ || -ɑσ || rowspan="2" | -∅ || rowspan="2" | -ɜ || rowspan="2" | -∅ || -js | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -ɑv || -jv | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| -ɑσ || -ɑ || colspan="2" | -ɜ || -js || -e | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ U-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | SMG !! colspan="2" | CMG !! colspan="2" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| rowspan="3" | -ɑσ || -ɥɑσ || rowspan="2" | -∅ || rowspan="2" | -ɥɜ || -∅ || -jvs | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -ɥɑv || -o || -vv | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| -ɥɑ || -ɜ || -ɜ || colspan="2" | -os | |||
|} | |} | ||
{{collapse bottom}} | {{collapse bottom}} | ||
==== Weak Declensions ==== | ==== Weak Declensions ==== | ||
{{collapse top}} | {{collapse top}} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ An-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | SMG !! colspan="2" | CMG !! colspan="2" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| -∅ || rowspan="2" | -ɑv || rowspan="2" | -∅ || rowspan="2" | -ɜv || rowspan="2" | -∅ || -ăn | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -ɑʒ || -vn | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| -ɑv || -vɑ || | -ɜv || | -vɜ || colspan="2" | -ni | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ On-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | SMG !! colspan="2" | CMG !! colspan="2" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| -ɑ || rowspan="2" | -ɑv || rowspan="2" | -ɜ || rowspan="2" | -ɜv || -u || -vn | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -ɑʒ || -vz || -ov | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| -ɑv || -vɑ || | -ɜv || | -ɜvɜ || colspan="2" | -vn | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ In-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | SMG !! colspan="2" | CMG !! colspan="2" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| -ɑ || rowspan="2" | -ɑv || rowspan="2" | -ɜ || rowspan="2" | -ɜv || -i || -jn | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left | Oblique | |||
| -ɑʒ || -jz || -iv | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left | Genitive | |||
| -ɑv || -vɑ || | -ɜv || | -ɜvɜ || -jn || -inu | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ R-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | SMG !! colspan="2" | CMG !! colspan="2" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| rowspan="2" | -ɑþ || -þɑσ || rowspan="2" | -∅ || rowspan="3" | -þɜ || rowspan="3" | -r || -rs | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left | Oblique | |||
| -þɑv || -rvv | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left | Genitive | |||
| -ɑþσ || -þɑ || | -ɜþ || -ri | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Consonant stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | SMG !! colspan="2" | CMG !! colspan="2" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| rowspan="2" | -∅ || rowspan="2" | -σɑ || rowspan="2" | -∅ || rowspan="2" | -∅ || rowspan="2" | -∅ || -s | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -ăv | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| -ɑσ || -ɑ || colspan="2" | -ɜ || -js || -i | |||
|} | |} | ||
{{collapse bottom}} | {{collapse bottom}} | ||
Line 511: | Line 569: | ||
==== Strong Adjective ==== | ==== Strong Adjective ==== | ||
{{collapse top}} | {{collapse top}} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ A-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Masculine !! colspan="2" | Feminine | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| -∅ || rowspan="2" | -∅ || -ɑ || rowspan="2" | -ɑσ | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -ɑv || -ɑv | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| colspan="4" | -ɑσ | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Ja-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Masculine !! colspan="2" | Feminine | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| -ɥɑσ || rowspan="2" | -ɥɑ || -ɥɑ || rowspan="2" | -ɥɑσ | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -ɥɑv || -ɥɑv | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| colspan="4" | -ɥɑσ | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ I-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Masculine !! colspan="2" | Feminine | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| -∅ || -∅ || -ɥɑ || rowspan="2" | -ɥɑσ | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -ɥɑv || -ɥɑ || -ɥɑv | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| colspan="4" | -ɥɑσ | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ U-stem | |||
! rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Masculine !! colspan="2" | Feminine | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| -ɑσ || rowspan="2" | -ɑσ || rowspan="2" colspan="2" | -ɥɑ | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -ɥɑv | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| -ɑσ || colspan="3" | -ɥɑσ | |||
|} | |} | ||
{{collapse bottom}} | {{collapse bottom}} | ||
Line 570: | Line 636: | ||
==== Weak Adjectives ==== | ==== Weak Adjectives ==== | ||
{{collapse top}} | {{collapse top}} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Weak stem | |||
! rowspan="3" | !! colspan="4" | SMG !! colspan="4" | CMG !! colspan="4" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Plural !! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Plural !! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| -∅ || rowspan="3" colspan="3" | -ɥɑv || rowspan="2" | -∅, -ɥ || rowspan="2" | -ɥɜ || rowspan="2" colspan="2" | -ɥɜv || -∅ || -jouv || rowspan="3" | -jn || rowspan="2" | -jun | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -ɥɑʒ || -jz || rowspan="2" | -jun | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| -ɥɑv || colspan="4" | -ɥɜv || -jn || -jouvn | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Weak A-stem | |||
! rowspan="3" | !! colspan="4" | SMG !! colspan="4" | CMG !! colspan="4" | EMG | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Plural !! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Plural !! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine || Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine || Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine !! Masculine !! Feminine | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative | | ! style=text-align:left | Nominative | ||
| -∅ || rowspan="3" colspan="3" | -ɑv || rowspan="2" | -∅ || rowspan="2" | -ɜ || rowspan="2" colspan="2" | -ɜv || -∅ || -ouv || rowspan="3" | -ăn || rowspan="2" | -un | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Oblique | ! style=text-align:left | Oblique | ||
| -ɑʒ || -ăz || rowspan="2" | -un | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive | ! style=text-align:left | Genitive | ||
| -ɑv || colspan="4" | -ɜv || -jn || -ouvn | |||
|} | |} | ||
{{collapse bottom}} | {{collapse bottom}} | ||
Line 615: | Line 685: | ||
! Past !! Nonpast !! Imperfective !! Perfective | ! Past !! Nonpast !! Imperfective !! Perfective | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Singular !! 1st | |||
| colspan="2" | -∅ || -ɑϕ || -ɑ || -ɥɑ || -ɑϕ || Invalid | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| -σ, -ꞇɑ || colspan="5" | -ɑσ || -∅ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| rowspan="2" | -∅ || colspan="2" | -ɑϕ || -ɑ || -∅ || colspan="2" | -ɑϕ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="2" | Dual | |||
! 1st | |||
| -ɑσ || rowspan="2" | Invalid || -e || -b || colspan="2" | Invalid | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="2" | -ɑꞇ || colspan="4" | -ɑꞇ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Plural !! 1st | |||
| colspan="2" | -ɑμ || rowspan="3" | -ɑɔɔ || colspan="2" | -ɑμ || rowspan="3" | -ɑɔɔ || -ɑμ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="2" | -ɑϕ || colspan="2" | -ɑϕ || -ɑϕ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| -ɑv || -ɑɔɔ || colspan="2" | -ɑv || -ɑɔɔ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Infinitive | |||
| colspan="7" | -ɑv | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Present Participle | |||
| colspan="7" | -ɑɔɔ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Past Participle | |||
| colspan="7" | -ɑv | |||
|} | |} | ||
Line 644: | Line 726: | ||
! Past !! Nonpast | ! Past !! Nonpast | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Singular !! 1st | |||
| colspan="2" | -∅ || Invalid || rowspan="3" | -∅ || rowspan="3" | -ϕ, -ɜϕ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| -σ, -ɜꞇ || -σ, -ɜσ || -∅ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| -∅ || colspan="2" | -ϕ, -ɜϕ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Plural !! 1st | |||
| colspan="3" | -ƚ, -ɜƚ || -ɜμ || rowspan="3" | -ꞇ, -ɜꞇ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="4" | -ϕ, -ɜϕ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| -σ, -ɜσ || colspan="2" | -ꞇ, -ɜꞇ || -ɜv | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Infinitive | |||
| colspan="5" | -ɜσ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" |Present Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -ɜꞇ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Past Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -ɜv | |||
|} | |} | ||
Line 667: | Line 758: | ||
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Indicative !! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! colspan="2" | Subjunctive | ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Indicative !! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! colspan="2" | Subjunctive | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Past !! Nonpast !! Perfective !! Imperfective | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Singular !! 1st | |||
| colspan="2" | -∅ || Invalid || -ü || -ó | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| -t || -js || -∅ || -is || -és | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| -∅ || -jt || -ó || -j || -é | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="2" | Dual !! 1st | |||
| -v || -us || Invalid || -ü || -ő | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| -vt || colspan="2" | -ăt || -it || -ét | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Plural !! 1st | |||
| -vv || colspan="2" | -ăv || -im || -ém | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| -vt || colspan="2" | -jt || -it || -ét | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| -vz || -ăn || -tó || -in || -én | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Infinitive | |||
| colspan="5" | -ăz | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Present Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -ăz, -ănd- | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Past Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -ăz, -ăn- | |||
|} | |} | ||
{{collapse bottom}} | {{collapse bottom}} | ||
Line 699: | Line 801: | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+Standard Modern Gothic Weak I Verbs | |+Standard Modern Gothic Weak I Verbs | ||
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" | !! colspan="3" | Indicative !! colspan="3" | Subjunctive | ! colspan="2" rowspan="3" | !! colspan="3" | Indicative !! colspan="3" | Subjunctive !! rowspan="3" | Imperative | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | Active !! rowspan="2" | Passive !! colspan="2" | Active !! rowspan="2" | Passive | ! colspan="2" | Active !! rowspan="2" | Passive !! colspan="2" | Active !! rowspan="2" | Passive | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Past !! Nonpast !! Imperfective !! Perfective | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Singular !! 1st | |||
| colspan="2" | -ɑ || rowspan="3" | -ɑϕ || -ɑ || rowspan="8" | -ɑϕ || -ɑϕ || Invalid | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="2" | -ɑσ || -ɑσ || -ɑσ || -ɑ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| -ɑ || -ɑϕ || -ɑ || colspan="2" | -ɑϕ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="2" | Dual !! 1st | |||
| rowspan="5" | -ɑϕ || -ɑσ || rowspan="2" | Invalid || -e || colspan="2" | Invalid | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| -ɑꞇ || -ɑꞇ || colspan="2" | -ɑꞇ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Plural !! 1st | |||
| -ɑμ || rowspan="3" | -ɑɔɔ || -ɑμ || rowspan="3" | -ɑɔɔ || -ɑμ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| -ɑϕ || -ɑϕ || -ɑϕ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| -ɑɔɔ || -ɑv || -ɑɔɔ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Infinitive | |||
| colspan="7" | -ɑv | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2"|Present Participle | |||
| colspan="7" | -ɑɔɔ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Past Participle | |||
| colspan="7" | -ɑv | |||
|} | |} | ||
{|class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {|class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+Colloquial Modern Gothic Weak I Verbs | |+Colloquial Modern Gothic Weak I Verbs | ||
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Indicative !! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! rowspan="2" | Subjunctive !! rowspan="2" | Passive | ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Indicative !! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! rowspan="2" | Subjunctive !! rowspan="2" | Passive | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Past !! Nonpast | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Singular !! 1st | |||
| rowspan="3" | -ɜ || -∅ || Invalid || rowspan="3" | -∅ || rowspan="3" | -ϕ, -ɜϕ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| -σ, -ɜσ || -∅ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| colspan="2" | -ϕ, -ɜϕ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Plural !! 1st | |||
| rowspan="3" | -ϕ, -ɜϕ || colspan="2" | -ƚ, -ɜƚ || -ɜμ || rowspan="3" | -ꞇ, -ɜꞇ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="2" | -ϕ, -ɜϕ || -ɜϕ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| colspan="2" | -ɜꞇ || -ɜv | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Infinitive | |||
| colspan="5" | -ɜσ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" |Present Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -ɜꞇ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Past Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -ɜv | |||
|} | |} | ||
Line 758: | Line 880: | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Eastern Modern Gothic Weak I Verbs | |+ Eastern Modern Gothic Weak I Verbs | ||
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Indicative !! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! colspan="2" | Subjunctive | ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Indicative !! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! colspan="2" | Subjunctive | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Past !! Nonpast !! Perfective !! Imperfective | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Singular !! 1st | |||
| -é || -∅ || Invalid || -ü || -ó | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="2" | -és || -é || -is || -és | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| colspan="2" | -ét || -ó || -it || -é | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="2" | Dual !! 1st | |||
| -ut || -us || Invalid || -ü || -ő | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| rowspan="4" | -it || colspan="2" | -ăt || -it || -ét | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Plural !! 1st | |||
| colspan="2" | -ăv || -im || -ém | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="2" | -ăt || -it || -ét | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| -nd || -ntó || -in || -én | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Infinitive | |||
| colspan="5" | -n | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Present Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -n, -nd- | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Past Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -n | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Eastern Modern Gothic Weak II Verbs | |+ Eastern Modern Gothic Weak II Verbs | ||
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Indicative !! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! colspan="2" | Subjunctive | ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Indicative !! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! colspan="2" | Subjunctive | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Past !! Nonpast !! Perfective !! Imperfective | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Singular !! 1st | |||
| colspan="2" | -j || Invalid || -ü || -ó | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| -is || -js || -j || -is || -és | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| colspan="2" | -jt || -jó || -it || -é | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="2" | Dual !! 1st | |||
| rowspan="5" | -it || -üs || Invalid || -ü || -ő | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="2" | -jt || -it || -ét | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Plural !! 1st | |||
| colspan="2" | -jv || -im || -ém | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="2" | -jt || -it || -ét | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| -jnd || -jtó || -in || -én | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Infinitive | |||
| colspan="5" | -jn | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Present Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -jn, -jnd- | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Past Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -jn | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Eastern Modern Gothic Weak III Verbs | |+ Eastern Modern Gothic Weak III Verbs | ||
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Indicative !! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! colspan="2" | Subjunctive | ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Indicative !! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! colspan="2" | Subjunctive | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Past !! Nonpast !! Perfective !! Imperfective | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Singular !! 1st | |||
| colspan="2" | -v || Invalid || -ü || -u | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| -us || -vs || -v || -üs || -us | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| colspan="2" | -vt || -vó || -üt || rowspan="2" | -u | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="2" | Dual !! 1st | |||
| rowspan="5" | -ut || -us || Invalid || -ü | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="2" | -vt || -üt || -ut | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Plural !! 1st | |||
| colspan="2" | -vv || -üm || -um | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="2" | -vt || -üt || -ut | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| -vnd || -vtó || -ün || -un | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Infinitive | |||
| colspan="5" | -vn | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Present Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -vn, -vnd- | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Past Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -vn | |||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
|+ Eastern Modern Gothic Weak IV Verbs | |+ Eastern Modern Gothic Weak IV Verbs | ||
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Indicative !! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! colspan="2" | Subjunctive | ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Indicative !! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! colspan="2" | Subjunctive | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Past !! Nonpast !! Perfective !! Imperfective | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Singular !! 1st | |||
| colspan="2" | -n || Invalid || -nvi || -nó | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| -nus || -njs || -n || -nvis || -nés | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| -nvt || -nvt || -ndó || -nvit || rowspan="2" | -né | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="2" | Dual !! 1st | |||
| rowspan="5" | -nut || -nus || Invalid || -nvi | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="2" | -nvt || -nvit || -nét | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left rowspan="3" | Plural !! 1st | |||
| colspan="2" | -nvv || -nvim || -ném | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | |||
| colspan="2" | -nvt || -nvit || -nét | |||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | |||
| -nvnd || -nvtó || -nvin || -nén | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Infinitive | |||
| colspan="5" | -nvn | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Present Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -nvn, -nvnd- | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style=text-align:left colspan="2" | Past Participle | |||
| colspan="5" | -nvn | |||
|} | |} | ||
{{collapse bottom}} | {{collapse bottom}} |
edits