Suwáá/Unknown: Difference between revisions

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Suwáá/Unknown (view source)

Revision as of 21:09, 27 April 2015

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|-
|-
! style="" |Open
! style="" |Open
| '''ě''' /æ̝/
| '''ē''' /æ̝/
| '''ě''' /æ̝ː/
| '''ḗ''' /æ̝ː/
| '''a''' /a/
| '''a''' /a/
| '''á''' /aː/
| '''á''' /aː/
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|-
|-
| ay
| ay
| ě
| ē
|-
|-
| aw
| aw
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|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''jumo'' || ''jumě'' || ''jumi''
| ''jumo'' || ''jumē'' || ''jumi''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''vód'''o''''' || ''vód'''ovo''''' || ''vód'''ě''''' || ''vód'''ěvě''''' || ''vód'''i''''' || ''vód'''ili'''''
| ''vód'''o''''' || ''vód'''ovo''''' || ''vód'''ē''''' || ''vód'''ēvē''''' || ''vód'''i''''' || ''vód'''ili'''''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''júm'''o''''' || ''júm'''ovo''''' || ''júm'''ě''''' || ''júm'''ěvě''''' || ''júm'''i''''' || ''júm'''ili'''''
| ''júm'''o''''' || ''júm'''ovo''''' || ''júm'''ē''''' || ''júm'''ēvē''''' || ''júm'''i''''' || ''júm'''ili'''''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''fob'''je''''' || ''fob'''jevo''' || ''fob'''jě''''' || ''fob'''jěvě''' || ''fob'''ji''''' || ''fob'''jili'''
| ''fob'''je''''' || ''fob'''jevo''' || ''fob'''jē''''' || ''fob'''jēvē''' || ''fob'''ji''''' || ''fob'''jili'''
|}
|}


===''q''-stems===
===''q''-stems===


{{recon|-q}} > ''a'', {{recon|-aq, *-yq}} > ''á'', {{recon|-eq, ěq}} > ''ě'', {{recon|-uq}} > ''ó'', {{recon|-iq}} > ''é''
{{recon|-q}} > ''a'', {{recon|-aq, *-yq}} > ''á'', {{recon|-eq, ēq}} > ''ē'', {{recon|-uq}} > ''ó'', {{recon|-iq}} > ''é''


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"
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|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''vraqo'' || ''vraqovo''''' || ''vraqě'' || ''vraqěvě'' || ''vraqi'' || ''vraqili''
| ''vraqo'' || ''vraqovo''''' || ''vraqē'' || ''vraqēvē'' || ''vraqi'' || ''vraqili''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''reho'' || ''rehovo''''' || ''rehě'' || ''rehěvě'' || ''rehi'' || ''rehili''
| ''reho'' || ''rehovo''''' || ''rehē'' || ''rehēvē'' || ''rehi'' || ''rehili''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| ''sir'''a''''' || ''sir'''ěc''''' || ''sir'''ota''''' || ''sir'''ěta''''' || ''sir'''ác''''' || ''sir'''alác'''''
| ''sir'''a''''' || ''sir'''ēc''''' || ''sir'''ota''''' || ''sir'''ēta''''' || ''sir'''ác''''' || ''sir'''alác'''''
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''sir'''oto''''' || ''sir'''ěto''''' || ''sir'''ocě''''' || ''sir'''ěcě''''' || ''sir'''aci''''' || ''sir'''alaci'''''
| ''sir'''oto''''' || ''sir'''ēto''''' || ''sir'''ocē''''' || ''sir'''ēcē''''' || ''sir'''aci''''' || ''sir'''alaci'''''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| ''lesán'' || ''lesán'''ěc''''' || ''lesán'''a''''' || ''lesán'''ěta''''' || ''lesán'''ác''''' || ''lesán'''alác'''''
| ''lesán'' || ''lesán'''ēc''''' || ''lesán'''a''''' || ''lesán'''ēta''''' || ''lesán'''ác''''' || ''lesán'''alác'''''
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''lesán'''o''''' || ''lesán'''ěto''''' || ''lesán'''ě''''' || ''lesán'''ěcě''''' || ''lesán'''aci''''' || ''lesán'''alaci'''''
| ''lesán'''o''''' || ''lesán'''ēto''''' || ''lesán'''ē''''' || ''lesán'''ēcē''''' || ''lesán'''aci''''' || ''lesán'''alaci'''''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''omen'''ito''''' || ''omen'''icě''''' || ''omen'''ijaci'''''
| ''omen'''ito''''' || ''omen'''icē''''' || ''omen'''ijaci'''''
|}
|}


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Adjectives merge the genitive and oblique cases into the genitive case.
Adjectives merge the genitive and oblique cases into the genitive case.


Adjectives precede nouns in the nominative and accusative cases: ''rób běc'' 'a big house', ''taba spara'' 'a good story', but follow the nouns in the genitive and oblique: ''docěc běcovo róbovo'' 'the door of the big house', and prepositional objects: ''en běcovo róbovo'' 'in the big house'. Adjectives do not agree in definiteness when they precede the noun, but do agree when they follow the noun.
Adjectives precede nouns in the nominative and accusative cases: ''rób bēc'' 'a big house', ''taba spara'' 'a good story', but follow the nouns in the genitive and oblique: ''docēc bēcovo róbovo'' 'the door of the big house', and prepositional objects: ''en bēcovo róbovo'' 'in the big house'. Adjectives do not agree in definiteness when they precede the noun, but do agree when they follow the noun.


===Adjectives ending in a consonant===
===Adjectives ending in a consonant===
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|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''tab'''o'' || ''tab'''ovo'' || ''tab'''ě''''' || ''tab'''ěvě''''' || ''tab'''i''''' || ''tab'''ili'''''
| ''tab'''o'' || ''tab'''ovo'' || ''tab'''ē''''' || ''tab'''ēvē''''' || ''tab'''i''''' || ''tab'''ili'''''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| ''tab'''a''''' || ''tab'''ěc''''' || ''tab'''ota''''' || ''tab'''ěta''''' || ''tab'''ác''''' || ''tab'''alác'''''
| ''tab'''a''''' || ''tab'''ēc''''' || ''tab'''ota''''' || ''tab'''ēta''''' || ''tab'''ác''''' || ''tab'''alác'''''
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''tab'''oto''''' || ''tab'''ěto'' || ''tab'''ocě''''' || ''tab'''ěcě''''' || ''tab'''aci''''' || ''tab'''alaci'''''
| ''tab'''oto''''' || ''tab'''ēto'' || ''tab'''ocē''''' || ''tab'''ēcē''''' || ''tab'''aci''''' || ''tab'''alaci'''''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''bošor'''ije'' || ''bošor'''ívo'' || ''bošor'''ijě''''' || ''bošor'''ívě''''' || ''bošor'''í''''' || ''bošor'''íli'''''
| ''bošor'''ije'' || ''bošor'''ívo'' || ''bošor'''ijē''''' || ''bošor'''ívē''''' || ''bošor'''í''''' || ''bošor'''íli'''''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''bošor'''ijoto'' || ''bošor'''íto'' || ''bošor'''ijocě''''' || ''bošor'''ícě''''' || ''bošor'''ijaci''''' || ''bošor'''ílaci'''''
| ''bošor'''ijoto'' || ''bošor'''íto'' || ''bošor'''ijocē''''' || ''bošor'''ícē''''' || ''bošor'''ijaci''''' || ''bošor'''ílaci'''''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
|''lók''|| ''lóč'' || ''lókma'' || ''lókme'' || ''lóčna'' ||''lú''||''lá''||''luma''||''lume''||''lěn''
|''lók''|| ''lóč'' || ''lókma'' || ''lókme'' || ''lóčna'' ||''lú''||''lá''||''luma''||''lume''||''lēn''
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
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|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| ''ve'' || ''věc'' || ''va'' || ''věta'' || ''ele'' || ''elác''
| ''ve'' || ''vēc'' || ''va'' || ''vēta'' || ''ele'' || ''elác''
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''vu'' || ''věto'' || ''vě'' || ''věcě'' || ''eli'' || ''elaci''
| ''vu'' || ''vēto'' || ''vē'' || ''vēcē'' || ''eli'' || ''elaci''
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| ''velu'' || ''větla'' || ''věluma''''' || ''větluma''''' || ''elilúm'' || ''elátlěn''
| ''velu'' || ''vētla'' || ''vēluma''''' || ''vētluma''''' || ''elilúm'' || ''elátlēn''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| ''ove'' || ''ověc'' || ''ova'' || ''ověta'' || ''óle'' || ''ólác''
| ''ove'' || ''ovēc'' || ''ova'' || ''ovēta'' || ''óle'' || ''ólác''
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''ovu'' || ''ověto'' || ''ově'' || ''ověcě'' || ''óli'' || ''ólaci''
| ''ovu'' || ''ovēto'' || ''ovē'' || ''ovēcē'' || ''óli'' || ''ólaci''
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| ''ovelu'' || ''ovětla'' || ''ověluma''''' || ''ovětluma''''' || ''ólilúm'' || ''ólátlěn''
| ''ovelu'' || ''ovētla'' || ''ovēluma''''' || ''ovētluma''''' || ''ólilúm'' || ''ólátlēn''
|}
|}


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*''milijona dolari'' '2 million dollars'
*''milijona dolari'' '2 million dollars'
*''mejota milijoni dolari'' '200 million dollars'
*''mejota milijoni dolari'' '200 million dollars'
*''Olop lělaci v lěl'' 'One thousand and one nights' (Arabic ''ˀalf<sup>u</sup> layla<sup>tin</sup> wa-layla<sup>tun</sup>'').
*''Olop lēlaci v lēl'' 'One thousand and one nights' (Arabic ''ˀalf<sup>u</sup> layla<sup>tin</sup> wa-layla<sup>tun</sup>'').


Since {{PAGENAME}} has singular and dual forms, modifying numerals one and two are not needed; thus ''Li hén voda v bęc'' 'I have two sons and a daughter' is just as correct as, in fact preferred to, ''Li hén fla voda v ahda bęc''.
Since {{PAGENAME}} has singular and dual forms, modifying numerals one and two are not needed; thus ''Li hén voda v bęc'' 'I have two sons and a daughter' is just as correct as, in fact preferred to, ''Li hén fla voda v ahda bęc''.
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|''roba, roboqa''
|''roba, roboqa''
|''robá''
|''robá''
|''mǫróbě''
|''mǫróbē''
|-
|-
|5
|5
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|''sóp, sópa''
|''sóp, sópa''
|''sobá''
|''sobá''
|''mǫsóbě''
|''mǫsóbē''
|-
|-
|8
|8
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|''cés, césa''
|''cés, césa''
|''cosá''
|''cosá''
|''mǫcósě''
|''mǫcósē''
|-
|-
|10
|10
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The non-2nd person imperatives may be formed with the hortative proclitic ''c'' (< ''ce!'' 'come!') plus the subjunctive.  
The non-2nd person imperatives may be formed with the hortative proclitic ''c'' (< ''ce!'' 'come!') plus the subjunctive.  


:'''''Jěj roþěja no jeþej, po c jeþej.'''''
:'''''Jēj roþēja no jeþej, po c jeþej.'''''
:<small>jěj roþěj-a no=je-þe-i po c=je-þe-i</small>
:<small>jēj roþēj-a no=je-þe-i po c=je-þe-i</small>
:<small>if want/PRES-3SG.F SUBJ=3-leave-SG.F, then HORT=SUBJ=3-leave-SG.F</small>
:<small>if want/PRES-3SG.F SUBJ=3-leave-SG.F, then HORT=SUBJ=3-leave-SG.F</small>
:''If she wants to leave, let her leave.''
:''If she wants to leave, let her leave.''
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||''qę''|| between, among|| {{recon|''ʕimm-''}}
||''qę''|| between, among|| {{recon|''ʕimm-''}}
|-
|-
||''qolě''|| on || {{recon|''ʕalay''}}
||''qolē''|| on || {{recon|''ʕalay''}}
|-
|-
||''vil'' || for ||
||''vil'' || for ||
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||''no''|| subjunctive || {{recon|''ʔan(na)''}}, {{recon|''-anna''}}
||''no''|| subjunctive || {{recon|''ʔan(na)''}}, {{recon|''-anna''}}
|-
|-
||''jěj''|| if || {{recon|''yahwī''}}
||''jēj''|| if || {{recon|''yahwī''}}
|-
|-
||''lu''|| if (contrary-to-fact) || {{recon|''law''}}
||''lu''|| if (contrary-to-fact) || {{recon|''law''}}
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Possession is emphasized with the adjective ''nopsí'' (the pronoun is optional):
Possession is emphasized with the adjective ''nopsí'' (the pronoun is optional):


:'''''me joděcě {{blue|nopsícě}}'''''
:'''''me jodēcē {{blue|nopsícē}}'''''
:<small>me jod-ěcě nopsí-ěcě</small>
:<small>me jod-ēcē nopsí-ēcē</small>
:<small>with hand-DU.GEN.DEF own-DU.F.GEN.DEF</small>
:<small>with hand-DU.GEN.DEF own-DU.F.GEN.DEF</small>
:''with one's [the subject's] own hands''
:''with one's [the subject's] own hands''


Emphasized possession of possessed nouns: e.g. ''bn'''i''' nopsív'' 'my own son', cf. ''běc'''ov''' nopsív li'' 'my own house'.
Emphasized possession of possessed nouns: e.g. ''bn'''i''' nopsív'' 'my own son', cf. ''bēc'''ov''' nopsív li'' 'my own house'.


===Existentials===
===Existentials===
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|-
|-
|gnomic; general present
|gnomic; general present
|''jěj'' + present
|''jēj'' + present
|present
|present
|-
|-
|general past
|general past
|''jěj'' + imperfect
|''jēj'' + imperfect
|imperfect
|imperfect
|-
|-
|future
|future
|''jěj'' + subjunctive
|''jēj'' + subjunctive
|{{abbtip|often the present in colloquial usage|future}}
|{{abbtip|often the present in colloquial usage|future}}
|-
|-
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*''c'' (in affixes) > ''s'': ''socovis'' : ''socovíc''
*''c'' (in affixes) > ''s'': ''socovis'' : ''socovíc''
*f.pl. ending (all cases) is ''-as'', def. ''-alas''
*f.pl. ending (all cases) is ''-as'', def. ''-alas''
*''e'' and ''ě'' merge to /e/
*''e'' and ''ē'' merge to /e/
*Netagin-esque mutation?
*Netagin-esque mutation?


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==Phrasebook==
==Phrasebook==
*''Solám!'' 'Hello!'
*''Solám!'' 'Hello!'
*''Tabǫ ocěj!'' 'Welcome!' (to m.sg, decline as adjective according to gender/number of audience)
*''Tabǫ ocēj!'' 'Welcome!' (to m.sg, decline as adjective according to gender/number of audience)
*''Tab mahár!'' 'Good morning!'
*''Tab mahár!'' 'Good morning!'
*''Tab júm!'' 'Good day!'
*''Tab júm!'' 'Good day!'
*''Taba mesa!'' 'Good evening!'
*''Taba mesa!'' 'Good evening!'
*''Taba lěl!'' 'Good night!'
*''Taba lēl!'' 'Good night!'
*''Ma smov lókme?'' 'What is your name?'
*''Ma smov lókme?'' 'What is your name?'
*''Smov li [name].'' 'My name is [name].'
*''Smov li [name].'' 'My name is [name].'
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*''O mólútme...'' 'Do you speak...'
*''O mólútme...'' 'Do you speak...'
**''...anglíc?'' '...English?'
**''...anglíc?'' '...English?'
**''...němcíc?'' '...German?'
**''...nēmcíc?'' '...German?'
**''...francíc?'' '...French?'
**''...francíc?'' '...French?'
**''...rusíc?'' '...Russian?'
**''...rusíc?'' '...Russian?'
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''Jektódas smov loko.''
''Jektódas smov loko.''
''Jéce memlóčov loko.''
''Jéce memlóčov loko.''
''Jępoqele roþív loko, ěma in somájili ěvi v in orþěto.''
''Jępoqele roþív loko, ēma in somájili ēvi v in orþēto.''
''Xlebov lone jumív cen lone ojúm.''
''Xlebov lone jumív cen lone ojúm.''
''V staqpu lone xotálác lone, ěvi v nahne nostaqpove xotálác nož lone.''
''V staqpu lone xotálác lone, ēvi v nahne nostaqpove xotálác nož lone.''
''V la ne sabej in tonésíne, éla žal ne leč rogovo.''
''V la ne sabej in tonésíne, éla žal ne leč rogovo.''
''Amen.''
''Amen.''
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===Schleicher's fable===
===Schleicher's fable===
'''''Sověc v porosele'''''
'''''Sovēc v porosele'''''


:''Sova větla bo foječon qobáj jerí porosi; okdomov foježórer čobid merčab, okrobov fojeshab rób homol, v šolefov fojeshab ęso išǫ. Sověc jamári porosili: «Lébov li márér, rájoto ęso mosožéro porosi.» Porosele jamáre: «Stosmeqi, sova, lébov lone márér, rájili ve: ęs, baqlov, qošě noposlu qobájvobi sověto ham molbes. Vén sovětla bo jef qobáj.» Somoqa ve, sověc jebráhi in mesvójovo.''
:''Sova vētla bo foječon qobáj jerí porosi; okdomov foježórer čobid merčab, okrobov fojeshab rób homol, v šolefov fojeshab ęso išǫ. Sovēc jamári porosili: «Lébov li márér, rájoto ęso mosožéro porosi.» Porosele jamáre: «Stosmeqi, sova, lébov lone márér, rájili ve: ęs, baqlov, qošē noposlu qobájvobi sovēto ham molbes. Vén sovētla bo jef qobáj.» Somoqa ve, sovēc jebráhi in mesvójovo.''


([[Media:Schleicher_{{PAGENAME}}.ogg|audio]])
([[Media:Schleicher_{{PAGENAME}}.ogg|audio]])
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===A math joke (which probably already exists in quite a few languages)===
===A math joke (which probably already exists in quite a few languages)===
:'''''Vilma matricěc jektórádi?'''''
:'''''Vilma matricēc jektórádi?'''''
:''Why did the matrix crumple up?''
:''Why did the matrix crumple up?''


IlL
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