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Suwáá/Unknown: Difference between revisions
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Genitive and short accusative pronouns can be used as verbal clitics denoting a pronominal object; the clitic precedes the verb unless the verb is in the imperative. The genitive/dative clitic comes before the accusative clitic. A pronominal object may be "doubled" by a clitic for emphasis like in Balkan or Romance languages. | Genitive and short accusative pronouns can be used as verbal clitics denoting a pronominal object; the clitic precedes the verb unless the verb is in the imperative. The genitive/dative clitic comes before the accusative clitic. A pronominal object may be "doubled" by a clitic for emphasis like in Balkan or Romance languages. | ||
The original 1st person dual-plural pronoun, {{recon|''naħnā''}}/{{recon|''naħnū''}} was reinterpreted as two different pronouns, each with its respective number ending: hence 1st person dual ''nahna'' < {{recon|''naħnā''}} and 1st person plural ''nahne'' < {{recon|''naħnū''}}. | Pronouns are found in all three persons and all three numbers. The original 1st person dual-plural pronoun, {{recon|''naħnā''}}/{{recon|''naħnū''}} was reinterpreted as two different pronouns, each with its respective number ending: hence 1st person dual ''nahna'' < {{recon|''naħnā''}} and 1st person plural ''nahne'' < {{recon|''naħnū''}}. There is, in addition, a 2nd person polite pronoun ''ǫtmes''. The origin of the ''-s'' suffix is unknown, but is speculated to be a directive {{recon|''-š''}} added to the 2nd person plural (~ Hebrew {{recon|-âh}}). | ||
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! colspan=" | ! colspan="12" | Personal pronouns, cont. | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="3" style="width: 100px;" | Case !! colspan=" | ! rowspan="3" style="width: 100px;" | Case !! colspan="6" | Second person !! colspan="5" | Third person | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | Singular !! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! colspan="2" | Plural !! colspan="2" | Singular !! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! colspan="2" | Plural | ! colspan="2" | Singular !! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! colspan="2" | Plural !! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Polite !! colspan="2" | Singular !! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! colspan="2" | Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="width: 100px;" | <small>masculine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>feminine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>masculine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>feminine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>masculine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>feminine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>masculine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>feminine</small> | ! style="width: 100px;" | <small>masculine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>feminine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>masculine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>feminine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>masculine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>feminine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>masculine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>feminine</small> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Nominative | ! Nominative | ||
|''ǫto''|| ''ǫc'' || ''ǫtma'' || ''ǫtme'' | |''ǫto''|| ''ǫc'' || ''ǫtma'' || ''ǫtme'' || ''ǫcno'' || ''ǫtmes'' || ''e'' || ''i'' || ''oma'' || ''ome'' || ''en'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Genitive | ! Genitive | ||
|''lók''|| ''lóč'' || ''lókma'' || ''lókme'' || '' | |''lók''|| ''lóč'' || ''lókma'' || ''lókme'' || ''lóčno'' || ''lókmes'' ||''lú''||''lá''||''luma''||''lume''||''lēn'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Accusative | ! Accusative | ||
|''kác'', ''ka'', ''k'' ||''číc'', ''či'', ''č''|| ''kmác'', ''kma'' || ''kméc'', ''kme'' ||''čnác'', ''čna''||''óc'', ''o'' ||''ác'', ''a''||''omác'', ''oma''||''oméc'', ''om'' ||''enác'', ''en'' | |''kác'', ''ka'', ''k'' ||''číc'', ''či'', ''č''|| ''kmác'', ''kma'' || ''kméc'', ''kme'' || ''čnác'', ''čna'' || ''kméc'', ''kmes'' || ''óc'', ''o'' ||''ác'', ''a''||''omác'', ''oma''||''oméc'', ''om'' ||''enác'', ''en'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! colspan="3" | Interrogative pronouns | ! colspan="3" | Interrogative pronouns | ||