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Guimin: Difference between revisions
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→Verbs
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Four mood suffixes can be applied to indicative verbs: subjunctive ''-кьи'', conditional ''-ссә'', counterfactual ''-(й)ә̄й'', and abilitative ''-ыъ''. | |||
=====Converbs===== | =====Converbs===== | ||
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=====Valency modifiers===== | =====Valency modifiers===== | ||
Verb valency can be increased and decreased with suffixes ''-гьэ'' and ''-ухъ'' respectively. These suffixes are also mostly used to derive new verbs, for example ''диркӏ, диркӏгьэ'' "to see, to look" and ''вӣд, вӣдухъ'' "to know, to think." | Verb valency can be increased and decreased with suffixes ''-гьэ'' and ''-ухъ'' respectively. These suffixes are also mostly used to derive new verbs, for example ''диркӏ, диркӏгьэ'' "to see, to look" and ''вӣд, вӣдухъ'' "to know, to think." | ||
=====Causatives===== | |||
Causative verbs are marked with particles preceding the causee. These particles agree with the causer's gender: masculine ''вит'', feminine ''вәт'', neuter ''уът''. | |||
If present in the clause, the causer is marked as the agent of the verb, and the causee is put in the absolutive. | |||
=====Reflexives and reciprocals===== | |||
For reflexives see [[Guimin#Demonstratives and pronouns|Demonstratives and pronouns]]. Reciprocals are marked with a verb suffix ''-зәм''. | |||
=====Questions===== | =====Questions===== | ||
Questions are marked either with interrogative proforms or | Questions are marked either with interrogative proforms or an interrogative verb suffix: ''-ма'' for polar questions, and ''-май'' for mediative questions. | ||
====Verb affix order==== | ====Verb affix order==== | ||