Dãterške: Difference between revisions

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→‎Consonants: Removing non-phonemes
(→‎Vowels: Removing unattested vowel.)
(→‎Consonants: Removing non-phonemes)
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|+ | Danterške consonant phonemes
|+ | Danterške consonant phonemes
|-
|-
! colspan=2 rowspan=2|  
! colspan=2|
! rowspan=2| [[:w:Labiodental consonant|Labiodental]]
! [[:w:Labiodental consonant|Labiodental]]
! colspan=2| [[:w:Denti-alveolar consonant|Denti-alveolar]]
! [[:w:Denti-alveolar consonant|Denti-alveolar]]
! rowspan=2| [[:w:Postalveolar consonant|Palato-alveolar]]
! [[:w:Postalveolar consonant|Palato-alveolar]]
! rowspan=2| [[:w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! [[:w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! rowspan=2| [[:w:Velar consonant|Velar]]
! [[:w:Velar consonant|Velar]]
! rowspan=2| [[:w:Epiglottal consonant|Pharyngeal/Uvelar]]
! [[:w:Guttural consonant|Guttural]]
|-
! {{small|plain}}
! {{small|[[:w:Secondary articulation|2 artic.]]}}
|-
|-
! colspan=2| [[:w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
! colspan=2| [[:w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| {{IPA|ɱ}} (м)
| {{IPA|ɱ}} (м)
| {{IPA|n}} (н)
| {{IPA|n}} (н)
| {{IPA|t͡n̥}}~{{IPA|θ}}<small><ref name=b group=note>Though /θ/ may be used as an allophone in any context, it naturally occurs in codas, especially word-finally </ref></small>  (ц)
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ɲ}} (њ)
| {{IPA|ɲ}} (њ)
Line 574: Line 570:
|-
|-
! rowspan=3| [[:w:Plosive consonant|Plosive]]
! rowspan=3| [[:w:Plosive consonant|Plosive]]
! {{small|[[:w:Aspirated consonant|aspirated]]}}
| {{IPA|pʰ}} (п)
| {{IPA|tʰ}} (т)
|
|
| {{IPA|cʰ}} (ћ)
| {{IPA|kʰ}} (к)
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|ʡ}} (')
|-
! {{small|[[:w:Fortis and lenis|lenis]]}}
! {{small|[[:w:Fortis and lenis|lenis]]}}
| {{IPA|p̬}} (б)
| {{IPA|p̬}} (б)
| {{IPA|t̬}} (д)
| {{IPA|t̬}} (д)
|
|
|
| {{IPA|c̬}} (ђ)
| {{IPA|c̬}} (ђ)
| {{IPA|k̬}} (г)
| {{IPA|k̬}} (г)
| {{IPA|ʡ}} (Ӏ,')
|-
|-
! {{small|[[:w:Ejective consonant|ejective]]}}
! {{small|[[:w:Ejective consonant|ejective]]<small><ref name=d group=note>Ejectives are phonemically and graphically considered sequences of Cʡ, however they are listed here to demonstrate all permissible sequences</ref></small>}}
| {{IPA|pʼ}} (пӀ)
| {{IPA|pʼ}} (пӀ)
| {{IPA|tʼ}} (тӀ)
| {{IPA|tʼ}} (тӀ)
|
| {{IPA|t͡ʃʼ}} (чӀ)
| {{IPA|t͡ʃʼ}} (чӀ)
| {{IPA|cʼ}} (ћӀ)
| {{IPA|cʼ}} (ћӀ)
| {{IPA|kʼ}} (кӀ)
| {{IPA|kʼ}} (кӀ)
| {{IPA|qʼ}} (ҝӀ)
| {{IPA|qʼ}} (ҝӀ)
|-
! {{small|[[:w:Aspirated consonant|aspirated]]}}
| {{IPA|pʰ}} (п)
| {{IPA|tʰ}} (т)
|
| {{IPA|cʰ}} (ћ)
| {{IPA|kʰ}} (к)
| rowspan=3| {{IPA|qʰ~q͡χ}} (ҝ)
|-
|-
! rowspan=5| [[:w:Affricate consonant|Affricate]]
! rowspan=5| [[:w:Affricate consonant|Affricate]]
! rowspan=2| {{small|[[:w:voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
! rowspan=2| {{small|[[:w:voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|p͡f}} (пф)
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|p͡f}} <small><ref name=c group=note>Mainly attested as a single phoneme in loanwords from German, but this analysis may be extended to native words as well</ref></small> (пф)
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|t͡s}} (тс)
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|t͡n̥}}~{{IPA|θ}}<small><ref name=b group=note>Though /θ/ may be used as an allophone in any context, it naturally occurs in codas, especially word-finally. Both arise from archaic {{IPA|t͡θ}}</ref></small>  (ц)
| rowspan=2|  
| {{IPA|t͡ʃ}} (ч)
| {{IPA|t͡ʃ}} (ч)
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|c͡ç}} (ӵ)
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|c͡ç}} (ӵ)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|q͡χ~k͡xʷ}} (ҝ)
|-
|-
| {{IPA|ʃt͡ʃ}} (щӀ)
| {{IPA|ʃt͡ʃ}} (щӀ)
|-
|-
! rowspan=2| {{small|[[:w:voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
! rowspan=2| {{small|[[:w:voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|b͡v}} (бв)
| rowspan=2|  
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|d͡z}} (дз)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
| {{IPA|d͡ʒ}} (џ)
| {{IPA|d͡ʒ}} (џ)
Line 626: Line 616:
|
|
| {{IPA|dⁿ~nˑ}} (дң)
| {{IPA|dⁿ~nˑ}} (дң)
| colspan=2| {{IPA|d͡ʒ̃}} (џң)
| {{IPA|d͡ʒ̃}} (џң)
| {{IPA|ɟⁿ~ɲˑ}} (ђң)
| {{IPA|ɟⁿ~ɲˑ}} (ђң)
| {{IPA|g̊ⁿ~ŋ}} (кң,гң)
| {{IPA|g̊ⁿ~ŋ}} (кң,гң)
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! {{small|[[:w:voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
! {{small|[[:w:voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
| {{IPA|f}} (ф)
| {{IPA|f}} (ф)
| {{IPA|s}}<small><ref name=a group=note>No [[:w:Sibilant|hissing sibilants]] technically occur in this language's phonology, these symbols are meant to be interpreted as shorthand for their non-sibilant equivalents</ref></small> (с)
| {{IPA|s}}<small><ref name=a group=note>No [[:w:Sibilant|hissing sibilants]] technically occur in this language's phonology, these symbols are meant to be interpreted as shorthand for their non-sibilant equivalents and to distinguish from their dental equivalents</ref></small> (с)
| {{IPA|sˤ~z̥}}<small><ref name=a group=note /></small> (ԇ)
| {{IPA|ʃ}} (ш)
| {{IPA|ʃ}} (ш)
| {{IPA|ç}} (щ)
| {{IPA|ç}} (щ)
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| {{IPA|v}} (в)
| {{IPA|v}} (в)
| {{IPA|z}}<small><ref name=a group=note /></small> (з)
| {{IPA|z}}<small><ref name=a group=note /></small> (з)
| {{IPA|zʲ}} (зь)
| {{IPA|ʒ}} (ж)
| {{IPA|ʒ}} (ж)
| {{IPA|ʝ}} (җ)
| {{IPA|ʝ}} (җ)
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| {{IPA|f̃}} (фң)
| {{IPA|f̃}} (фң)
| {{IPA|s̃}} (сң)
| {{IPA|s̃}} (сң)
| rowspan=2| {{IPA|s̃ˤ}} (ԇң)
| {{IPA|ʃ̃}} (шң)
| {{IPA|ʃ̃}} (шң)
| {{IPA|ç̃}} (щң)
| {{IPA|ç̃}} (щң)
Line 668: Line 655:
|
|
| {{IPA|r~ɹ}} (р)
| {{IPA|r~ɹ}} (р)
| {{IPA|}} (рң)
| {{IPA|ɹ̃}} (рң)
| {{IPA|rʲ}} (рь)
| {{IPA|j}} (ь,й)
| {{IPA|j}} (ь,й)
| {{IPA|w}} (ъ,ў)
| {{IPA|w}} (ъ,ў)
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| {{IPA|l}}~{{IPA|ɮ}} (л)
| {{IPA|l}}~{{IPA|ɮ}} (л)
|  
|  
|
| {{IPA|ʎ}} (љ)
| {{IPA|ʎ}} (љ)
|
|
Line 687: Line 672:
|
|
| {{IPA|l̃}} (лң)
| {{IPA|l̃}} (лң)
|
|
|
| {{IPA|ʎ̃}} (љң)
| {{IPA|ʎ̃}} (љң)
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