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Luthic: Difference between revisions
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→Phonological development
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=====24 months===== | =====24 months===== | ||
Fricatives may appear: /f ~ v/ and /s/ (who can be further palatalised to /ʃ/), primarily at intervocalic position. Voice may become a distinctive feature at this stage. Onomatopoeiae are also produced, such as /aw aw/ for [[w:Bark|dog’s barking]]; /ow/, or preferably /aj/ for denoting pain. Production of trisyllabic words begins, such as C₁VC₂VC₃V. Consonant clusters are now present and are often subject to [[w:Consonant harmony|consonant harmony]], such as ''-mb-'', ''-nd-'' and ''- | Fricatives may appear: /f ~ v/ and /s/ (who can be further palatalised to /ʃ/), primarily at intervocalic position. Voice may become a distinctive feature at this stage. Onomatopoeiae are also produced, such as /aw aw/ for [[w:Bark|dog’s barking]]; /ow/, or preferably /aj/ for denoting pain. Production of trisyllabic words begins, such as C₁VC₂VC₃V. Consonant clusters are now present and are often subject to [[w:Consonant harmony|consonant harmony]], such as ''-mb-'', ''-nd-'' and ''-dr-''; however voiced-voiceless clusters are still rare, such as ''-mp-'' and ''-tr-''. | ||
=====30 months===== | =====30 months===== | ||
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* ''Nasal assimilation:'' non-nasal sounds often become nasal sound due to a nasal sound in the word [ˈʁɛn.dɐ] > [ˈnen.nɐ]; | * ''Nasal assimilation:'' non-nasal sounds often become nasal sound due to a nasal sound in the word [ˈʁɛn.dɐ] > [ˈnen.nɐ]; | ||
* ''Weak syllable deletion:'' word-initial and word-terminal unstressed syllables are often omitted [bɐˈna.nɐ] > [ˈna.nɐ]; | * ''Weak syllable deletion:'' word-initial and word-terminal unstressed syllables are often omitted [bɐˈna.nɐ] > [ˈna.nɐ]; | ||
* ''Coda deletion:'' omission of general coda consonant and the final consonant in the word [ | * ''Coda deletion:'' omission of general coda consonant and the final consonant in the word [kɐr] > [kɐ], [ˈbro.θɐr] > [ˈbro.θɐ] ([ˈbro]); | ||
* ''Consonant harmony:'' a target word consonant takes on features of another target word consonant , [kɐn] > [kɐŋ], [ˈstɛk.kɐ] > [ˈstɛt.tɐ] ([ˈstɛt ~ ˈstɛ]); | * ''Consonant harmony:'' a target word consonant takes on features of another target word consonant , [kɐn] > [kɐŋ], [ˈstɛk.kɐ] > [ˈstɛt.tɐ] ([ˈstɛt ~ ˈstɛ]); | ||
* ''Coalescence:'' adjacent consonants are merged into one with similar features [ˈzbaɸ.ɸu] > [ˈβaɸ.ɸu]; | * ''Coalescence:'' adjacent consonants are merged into one with similar features [ˈzbaɸ.ɸu] > [ˈβaɸ.ɸu]; | ||
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* ''Velar fronting:'' velar plosives are often replaced by alveolar ones nearby a front vowel [ki] > [ti]; | * ''Velar fronting:'' velar plosives are often replaced by alveolar ones nearby a front vowel [ki] > [ti]; | ||
* ''Stopping or affrication:'' fricatives are often fortified nearby a front vowel [si] > [ti ~ t͡ʃi]; | * ''Stopping or affrication:'' fricatives are often fortified nearby a front vowel [si] > [ti ~ t͡ʃi]; | ||
* ''Gliding:'' taps and liquids are replaced by a glide [ˈka. | * ''Gliding:'' taps and liquids are replaced by a glide [ˈka.ru] > [ˈka.wu], [ˈaʎ.ʎo] > [ˈaj.jo]. | ||
=====6 years===== | =====6 years===== | ||