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Saxuma: Difference between revisions
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→Consonants
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! Fricatives | ! Fricatives | ||
| | | ɸ~ɸʷ || v⁓β || s⁓t͡s || z⁓d͡z || ç ɕ || ʑ⁓d͡ʑ|| x⁓h || colspan=2 | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Liquids | ! Liquids | ||
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* Voiceless plosives are typically unaspirated, but are usually aspirated word-finally. | * Voiceless plosives are typically unaspirated, but are usually aspirated word-finally. | ||
* All plosives are realized as [ʔ] when immediately followed by another plosive or a nasal of the same place of articulation. | * All plosives are realized as [ʔ] when immediately followed by another plosive or a nasal of the same place of articulation. | ||
* /s/, /z/, and /ʑ/ may be realized as their associated affricates when not preceded by a vowel, but this is not obligatory. | * /s/, /z/, and /ʑ/ may be realized as their associated affricates when not preceded by a vowel, but this is not obligatory. | ||
* / | * /v/ may be realized as [β] intervocalically, but this is not obligatory. | ||
* /x/ is mostly realized as /h/ when preceding a non-front vowel. | * /x/ is mostly realized as /h/ when preceding a non-front vowel. | ||
* The sequences /tj/ and /kj/ are realized as [c], /dj/ and /gj/ as [d͡ʑ], /sj/ as [ɕ], /zj/ as [ʑ], and /xj/ as [ç]. | * The sequences /tj/ and /kj/ are realized as [c], /dj/ and /gj/ as [d͡ʑ], /sj/ as [ɕ], /zj/ as [ʑ], and /xj/ as [ç]. | ||
* When adjacent to any palatal consonant, /l/ may be realized as [ʎ] or [j] | * When adjacent to any palatal consonant, /l/ may be realized as [ʎ] or [j] | ||
* Many speakers — especially younger ones — sonorize plosives when followed by a long vowel or diphthong carrying a high tone (see Pitch Accent below). For example, dēka > nēka, tobyá > tomyá, pyunam > byunam. | * Many speakers — especially younger ones — sonorize plosives when followed by a long vowel or diphthong carrying a high tone (see Pitch Accent below). For example, dēka > nēka, tobyá > tomyá, pyunam > byunam. | ||
* Sometimes, in particularly casual speech, unstressed, final /s/ and /ɕ/ are debuccalized to [h]. | * Sometimes, in particularly casual speech, unstressed, final /s/ and /ɕ/ are debuccalized to [h]. | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||