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Saxuma: Difference between revisions
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→Nominal Morphology
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:: foot I.{{sc|gen}} | :: foot I.{{sc|gen}} | ||
:: ''my foot'' | :: ''my foot'' | ||
: In most other situations, the construct case is used exclusively. | : In most other situations, the construct case is used exclusively. The construct forms of singular nominals is highly irregular, and must be learned individually, though some trends exist, such as many construct cases suffixing -u, -o, -yu, -vu, or -su, or performing w-ablaut on the final vowel. Plural nominals formed by suffixing ''-sí'' replace it with ''-xú'', and those ending with ''-míx'' or ''-kóm'' form it by additionally suffixing ''-u''. | ||
:: "bigaw huk" | :: "bigaw huk" | ||
:: foot.{{sc|cons}} chicken | :: foot.{{sc|cons}} chicken | ||
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:: ''the farmer's child's chicken'' → ''the chicken of the farmer's child'' | :: ''the farmer's child's chicken'' → ''the chicken of the farmer's child'' | ||
* The '''dative-superessive''' case is used both to mark the oblique argument of verbs, as well as to convey the motion of coming upon or landing on the motion's target, but not other forms of motion (which usually use the preposition ''eke'' ("towards"). Outside of pronouns, this is marked with the preposition ''ba'' ("upon"). | * The '''dative-superessive''' case is used both to mark the oblique argument of verbs, as well as to convey the motion of coming upon or landing on the motion's target, but not other forms of motion (which usually use the preposition ''eke'' ("towards"). Outside of pronouns, this is marked with the preposition ''ba'' ("upon"). | ||
====Number==== | |||
Number is not required to be marked, but plurality can be explicitly indicated with the suffix ''-sií' (or ''-xú'' in the construct form). Words ending in a nasal instead suffix ''-zí/jú'', and those ending in any other consonant delete that final consonant before appending ''-sí/-xú''. | |||
The dual can be indicated by suffixing ''-míx'' (construct ''-míxu'') to any nominal, including pronouns. ''-míx'' is attached to the plural forms of non-gendered pronouns, and the singular form of gendered pronouns. | |||
====Pronouns==== | ====Pronouns==== | ||
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Some nouns bear the agentivizing prefixes {{sx-m|''lo-/lew-''}} and {{sx-s|''in(w)-''}}, which function similarly to Latinate "-tor" and "-trix" in conveying gender, with the neutral agentivizer being '''''zi-'''''. | Some nouns bear the agentivizing prefixes {{sx-m|''lo-/lew-''}} and {{sx-s|''in(w)-''}}, which function similarly to Latinate "-tor" and "-trix" in conveying gender, with the neutral agentivizer being '''''zi-'''''. | ||
====The reflexive ''-kom''==== | ====The reflexive ''-kom''==== | ||