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| Conveys the thing used to make/cause the thing/event
| Conveys the thing used to make/cause the thing/event
|}
|}
 
 
-m object
d̀- adverbial
ĉ adjectival
-(ə)- stemless conveys base info; nf́ (life)
-i- stem one "alters to basic verbs meaning ""to be [root]""" nf́ (life) - inf́ (to be living)
-a- stem two "Alters to verbs meaning ""to experience"" (life>to be alive (as in 'I feel so alive!')"
-e- stem three "Alters meaning to ""to cause"""
-o- stem four conveys agency
-ö- stem five (nouns) conveys 'if' like verbs
-e nom
dat
-s Possessive alienable physical
-ṣ́ alienable non-physical
-s̀ inalienable physical
-ṣ̀ inalienable nonphysical
-ŝ possessed
essence-tense-specifications-C1-stem-C2-person/acc-C3-plural-aspect-mood-valency
ḱəkîpīp
ẓnəʒiʒā'
ənigoṣ
əxísīl
ə 1st s
ə̄ 2nd s
ī 3rd s
ï̄ 1st o
ȫ 2nd o
ǖ 3rd o/acc
a 1st so
ā 1st s 2nd o
o 1st s 3rd o
ō 2nd so
ö 2nd s 1st o
i 2nd s 3rd o
ï 3rd so
u 3rd s 1st o
ü 3rd s 2nd o
person tone
Low tone Marks that the speaker is in a state of distress or poor health
o plural s
ö plural o
ō plural so
q́- past (normal)
x- past (mirative)
- present
ṫ- future (definite)
ṫ̂- future (generic)
ḱ- Past perfect
ŋ̀- Perfect
ł́- Future perfect
ṡ́o habitual
ri iterative
kse potential
əq́ìħə'
valency
-(i) monoactive separately, not necessarily the same Two children are playing on the floor.’ [the implication being that the two children are not playing with each other nor are they necessarily playing the same game]
-ï parallel Two children are playing on the floor.’ [they are playing the same kind of game but separately from each other]
-u corollary Two children are playing on the floor.’ [they are playing at the same time, but each is playing a different game]
-ü Reciprocal Two children are playing on the floor.’ [they are playing with another, unnamed party, presumably other children]
-e Complementary an activity different from that of the first party, but necessary to complete the whole of the joint activity Two children are playing on the floor.’ [they are playing a coplementary game/activity with each other, where one performs one half/side of the activity and the other performs the other half]
-ë Duplicative Two children are playing on the floor.’ [where one child performs a play activity and the second child then copies/duplicates the same activity]
-o Demonstrative Two children are on the floor and one is showing the other how to play (a game).’
-ö Participative Two children are on the floor taking part in the play activity
mood
- Factual For fully objective statements
-ṡ imperative Commands
-b subjunctive For subjective facts
-v Subjunctive 2 For wishes and the like
-r Assumptive (conditional) indicates that factuality depends upon the happening or existance of something else
-s Speculative Subjectivity and Factuality are unknown
Counterfactive The presumption is false but the factuality is otherwise true
-g Hypothetical Regardless of the presumption, the factuality would be uncertain
-c Imaginative Indicates the factuality is false in reality but refers to a hypotgetical non-reality
also used for made up things like conlangs
əṡí'ï' əfə̏tǖ'
əfə̏tǖ'
bəsàsus
Degree of Consent
deliberately against the expressed wishes/will of the affected party
without the affected party’s knowledge and against their implied/presumed wishes/will
without the consent or knowledge of the affected party [their expressed or implied wishes/will being unknown or undetermined]
-q̇̀ with the affected party’s knowledge but without their consent
with the affected party’s consent obtained under pressure, threat, coercion
-t with the affected party’s reluctant consent
- with the affected party’s full consent; willingly
with the affected party’s enthusiastic approval and support
by request of the affected party
əfìlək̇q̇̀
Reason for an Emotional State or  Motivation for an Action
for no reason
for foolish or naïve reason
out of curiosity/to see what happens
in defense/for protection
to provoke/elicit reaction
to entice
to show appreciation
for appropriate reasons / for good reason
for virtuous, healthy/beneficial reasons
Degree of Deliberateness/Agency
accidental(ly) / inadvertent(ly) and unaware of consequences
unintended / unintentional(ly) / without meaning to and unaware of consequences
accidental(ly) / inadvertent(ly) but now aware of consequences
unintended / unintentional(ly) / without meaning to but now aware of consequences
unforeseeable / unpredictable; unforeseeably / unpredictably
without realizing or considering potential consequences
thinking one can get away without reaping consequences / furtive(ly)
realizing potential risks or consequences / cognizant of potential risks or consequences
intentional(ly) / deliberate(ly) / on purpose / by choice; choose to
Expectation of Outcome
shockingly unexpected; without precedent or rumour
surprise X / unexpected X; completely by surprise/ completely unexpected(ly)
manage to X despite inadequacy of preparation or effort;  harder than thought to be due to poor planning and/or execution
manage to X despite underestimating hindrances or obstacles; harder than initially thought to be
managed to X despite hindrance(s) or obstacles; hard-won
manage to X due to hindrances or obstacles being overestimated; easier than thought to be
manage to X due to excellent preparation / planning / execution
completely as expected / totally as anticipated / as predicted
pat; outcome pre-ordained or predetermined
Means of Enablement
1 by inadvertent gesture/word/sign taken as order or permission
2 by granting of permission
3 by cajoling or persuasion
4 by direct request or imploring
5 by direct order based on one’s real or perceived authority
6 by inadvertent removal of hindrance
7 by inadvertent action that initiates a chain of events
8 by deliberate removal of hindrance
9 by deliberate action that initiates a chain of events
Degree of Impact on Patient/Target or Enablement of Outcome
1 target can do nothing - utterly inevitable
2 target chooses to do nothing - resigned to fate
3 target tries to prevent/avoid but fails
4 target tries to prevent/avoid and does so partially or mitigates impact somewhat
5 target tries to prevent/avoid and succeeds
6 target helps/enables outcome inadvertently
7 target helps/enables outcome against own interest (i.e., without thinking)
8 target helps/enables outcome intentionally despite negative consequences
9 target helps/enables outcome intentionally for own benefit
Degree of Agency, Intent or Effectiveness
1 with the anticipated max. resulting effect possible
2 with the anticipated resulting effect to a high degree
3 with the anticipated resulting effect to a moderate degree
4 with the anticipated resulting effect but only to a marginal, superficial or barely noticeable degree
5 with no noticeable effect or resulting change
6 with only marginal, superficial, or barely noticeable effect or resulting change unanticipated
7 with moderate effect or resulting change — unanticipated
8 with the resulting effect to a high degree — unanticipated
9 with the max. resulting effect possible — unanticipated
Status of Inferred Arguments
1 Only explicitly stated arguments are implied; no unstated arguments should be inferred
2 Only logically required arguments are implied or should be inferred (e.g., a STIMULUS for a state of external sensory input, a RECIPIENT for an act of transferring possession); unstated arguments that are logically unnecessary but possible should not be inferred
3 Logically required arguments should be inferred; logically unnecessary but possible arguments (e.g., INSTRUMENTAL, SITUATIVE, DEPENDENT, or Temporal) may be inferred
4 Logically unnecessary but possible arguments may be inferred; logically required arguments are ONLY those explicitly stated
5 OK to infer an affective STIMULUS only; no other unstated arguments implied
6 OK to infer an ERG or EFF agent only; no other unstated arguments implied
7 OK to infer a temporal context/argument plus any logically required arguments
8 OK to infer an INSTRUMENTAL argument plus any logically required arguments
9 OK to infer a SITUATIVE or a DEPENDENT argument (i.e., a context describable via the SITUATIVE or DEPENDENT case or case-frame) plus any logically required arguments
essence
The morphological category of Essence explicitly distinguishes real-world actualities from their alternative, imagined or potential counterparts. The two essences are termed NORMAL and REPRESENTATIVE, the former being the default essence denoting real-world nouns and verbs, the latter denoting alternative counterparts. By marking such counterparts explicitly, a speaker can express any noun or verb as referring to a real-world versus alternative manifestation, without having the listener infer such from an explanatory context.
- normal
ü- representative
====Adjectives====
====Adjectives====
====Adverbs====
====Adverbs====
Wfeozawra
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