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| '''Zzean''' /ˈθiːən/ is an analytic monosyllabic tonal language in the Akya-Woms family, spoken in Aem-Zmaə. It is head-final and SVO. | | '''Zzean''' /ˈθiːən/ is an analytic monosyllabic tonal language in the Akya-Woms family, spoken in Aem-Zmaə. It is head-initial and SVO. |
| == Proto-Trans-Sarnathian ==
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| Proto-Trans-Sarnathian was spoken 3000 years BP.
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| Fortunately for Angaian historical linguists, extremely conservative relatives of Zzean within the Trans-Sarnathian branch are spoken in highly mountainous areas. They allow much of Proto-Trans-Sarnathian to be reconstructed.
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| === Todo ===
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| h₂aw-bʰorḱ 'enclosure' → Proto-Trans-Sarnathian obʰroc → Late Old Zzean əvʰɣɑc → Middle Zzean vəjt → EModZz fi(breathy, final stop tone) → ModZz fi͇ (tone class is D2) 'house'
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| ḱobreb → PTS k.brɛb → kbəb → p'ʌb → pà (E3) ‘cost’
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| * PTS ə → w
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| * PTS i → Modern Zzean ⟨ey⟩
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| * PTS e → i
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| * PTS a → Modern Zzean ⟨wa⟩
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| * PTS o → Modern Zzean ⟨a⟩
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| * PTS u → ɨ → Modern Zzean /i/ ⟨i⟩
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| * PTS ew → ea
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| * PTS aw → ea
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| * PTS ow → wa
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| * PTS ej → ay
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| * PTS aj → e
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| * PTS oj → w
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| ===Phonology===
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| ====Vowels====
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| i ɨ u ə e o a ē ō ā ī ɨ̄ ū əi əɨ əu aj aɨ au
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| → Early Old Zzean e ə o ʌ ɛ ɔ a iə uə ɨə i ɨ u əi əɨ əu ai aɨ au
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| → Late Old Zzean e ʌ o ɐ ə ɑ æ iə uə ɨə ɪ ə ʊ i ɨ u ai aɨ au
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| (Praveenize /ɛ/ → /ə/ → /ʌ/ → /ɑ/ → /æ/ → /iə/ and /u/ → /i/)
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| ====Consonants====
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| === Grammar ===
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| Proto-Trans-Sarnathian switched to using Colloquial Welsh-like constructions using inherited verbal nouns. Old finite verb forms were lost by the Proto-Trans-Sarnathian stage.
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| === Lexicon ===
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| * xjeʔ ‘1SG’ (From PAW disjunctive 1SG *h₂yeh₁); Zzean zhi̬
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| * PAW *sleh₃s → PTS *s-lō-s → Old Zzean *sluəs → lu(C2) → lŵ 'to sit’
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| * h₂aw-bʰorḱ 'enclosure' → Proto-Trans-Sarnathian obʰroc → Late Old Zzean əvʰɣɑc → Middle Zzean vəjt → EModZz fi(breathy, final stop tone) → ModZz fi͇ (tone class is D2) 'house'
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| * ḱobreb → PTS k.brɛb → kbəw → p'ʌw → pà (E3) ‘to buy'
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| * roy ‘in’ → PTS s-roj → rrw̖y ‘interior’
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| * bʰetr → PTS bʰēr → PTS bʰiən → piən (A2) → piw (A2) → pe̖a ‘(higher register) in (postposition)’; → dialectal pjuː → thw̖ ‘at (postposition)’
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