Antarctican: Difference between revisions

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Antarctican (view source)

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Finished section on mood
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<h3>Mood</h3>
<h3>Mood</h3>


Grammatical mood is very
While tense and aspect play very minor roles in Antarctican, the language has a rich set of grammatical moods, formed by prefixes on the verb. It is conflated with evidentiality, but totally separated from mirativity.
important in Antarctican. It is conflated with evidentiality, but totally separated from mirativity. It is formed by prefixes on the verb.


&nbsp;
&nbsp;
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to be spit, noun-focus, presumptive(loss of initial syllable and
to be spit, noun-focus, presumptive(loss of initial syllable and
ejectivisation of /p/)
ejectivisation of /p/)
&nbsp;
<h4>Conditional Mood</h4>
This is used for events that
could, in the speaker’s mind, happen / have happened / will happen, but as long
as some other event happens. The action described by the verb in the
conditional mood must be dependent on something else (which may or may not be
explicitly given in the sentence). Unlike the presumptive mood, the speaker
must believe that the event being described is at least theoretically possible.
It is formed by the prefix go- e.g.
&nbsp;
qíeypyiqiiey
/&#660;ei&#660;p&#690;i&#660;e&#720;i/ - to spit out, mirative
goqíeypyiqiiey
/g&#596;&#660;ei&#660;p&#690;i&#660;e&#720;i/ - to spit out, mirative,
conditional
&nbsp;
qinyieliqaa
/&#660;i&#626;eli&#660;a&#720;/ - to pierce, mirative
goqinyieliqaa
/g&#596;&#660;i&#626;eli&#660;a&#720;/ - to pierce, mirative, conditional
&nbsp;
It
undergoes the exact same processes as the prefix for presumptive mood e.g.
&nbsp;
rèdlu
/&#641;&#600;&#614;d&#622;u/ - red, mirative
tùrèdlu
/tu&#614;&#641;&#600;&#614;d&#622;u/ - red, mirative, presumptive
kùorèdlu /ko&#614;&#641;&#600;&#614;d&#622;u/
- red, mirative, conditional (phonation spreads in exactly the same way)
&nbsp;
pùelùe
/p&#616;&#614;l&#616;&#614;/ - bridge, absolutive
myùepùelùe
/m&#690;&#616;&#614;p&#616;&#614;l&#616;&#614;/ - my bridge, absolutive
(breathy voice spreads)
bilidli
/bilid&#622;i/ - to be a bridge / to make it across, verb root
pùelùezi
/p&#616;&#614;l&#616;&#614;zi/ - to make it across, noun-focus
tùpùelùezi
/tu&#614;p&#616;&#614;l&#616;&#614;zi/ - to make it across, noun-focus,
presumptive (breathy voice spreads again)
kùopùelùezi
/ko&#614;p&#616;&#614;l&#616;&#614;zi/ - to make it across, noun-focus,
conditional (breathy voice spreads yet again)
&nbsp;
wùerù
./w&#616;&#614;&#641;u&#614;/ - frog, absolutive
myiwùerù
./m&#690;iw&#616;&#614;&#641;u&#614;/ - frog, absolutive (breathy voice
spreading is blocked)
wùerùgin
/w&#616;&#614;&#641;u&#614;gi&#628;/ - frog, ergative
wùerùgi
/w&#616;&#614;&#641;u&#614;gi/ - to be a frog, root
wùerùji
/w&#616;&#614;&#641;u&#614;&#607;i/ - to be a frog, mirative
duwùerùji
/duw&#616;&#614;&#641;u&#614;&#607;i/ - to be a frog, mirative,
presumptive(breathy voice spreading is blocked again)
gowùerùji
/g&#596;w&#616;&#614;&#641;u&#614;&#607;i/ - to be a frog, mirative,
conditional (breathy voice spreading is blocked yet again)
wùerùgùe
/w&#616;&#614;&#641;&#616;&#614;g&#616;&#614;/ - to be a frog, noun focus
duwùerùgùe
/duw&#616;&#614;&#641;&#616;&#614;g&#616;&#614;/ - to be a frog, noun focus,
presumptive
gowùerùgùe
/g&#596;w&#616;&#614;&#641;&#616;&#614;g&#616;&#614;/ - to be a frog, noun
focus, conditional
&nbsp;
suekiraeypi
/s&#616;ki&#641;&#603;ipi/ - a scrape, absolutive
myíeykiraypi
/m&#690;ei&#660;ki&#641;aipi/ - my scrape, absolutive (the first syllable is
deleted and the prefix takes tense voice)
suekiraeypi
/s&#616;ki&#641;&#603;ipi/ - to become scraped, root
suekiraeypyu
/s&#616;ki&#641;&#603;ip&#690;u/ - to become scraped, mirative
túowkiraeypyu
/tou&#660;ki&#641;&#603;ip&#690;u/ - to become scraped, mirative, presumptive
(the first syllable is deleted and the prefix takes tense voice again)
kóekiraeypyu
/k&#604;&#660;ki&#641;&#603;ip&#690;u/ - to become scraped, mirative,
conditional (the first syllable is deleted and the prefix takes tense voice yet
again)
suekiraypùe
/wa&#660;ki&#641;aip&#616;&#614;/ - to become scraped, noun-focus
túowkiraypùe
/ tou&#660;ki&#641;aip&#616;&#614;/ - to become scraped, noun-focus,
presumptive
kóekiraypùe
/ k&#604;&#660;ki&#641;aip&#616;&#614;/ - to become scraped, noun-focus,
conditional
&nbsp;
gali
/gali/ - hole, absolutive
myingali
/m&#690;i&#331;ali/ - my hole, absolutive (initial consonant changes to /&#331;/)
gali
/gali/ - to be a hole, verb root
galiqi
/gali&#660;i/ - to be a hole, mirative
duongaliqi
/do&#331;ali&#660;i/ - to be a hole, mirative, presumptive (initial consonant
changes to /&#331;/ again)
gaongaliqi
/g&#594;&#331;ali&#660;i/ - to be a hole, mirative, conditional (initial
consonant changes to /&#331;/ again)
kòelùe
/k&#604;&#614;l&#616;&#614;/ - to be a hole, noun-focus
tùngòelùe
/tu&#614;&#331;&#604;&#614;l&#616;&#614;/ - to be a hole, noun-focus,
presumptive
kùongòelùe
/ko&#614;&#331;&#604;&#614;l&#616;&#614;/ - to be a hole, noun-focus,
conditional
&nbsp;
bun
/bu&#628;/ - pants, absolutive
myizibun
/m&#690;izibu&#628;/ - my pants, absolutive (insertion of -zi-)
bun
/bu&#628;/ - to be pants, root
byan
/b&#690;a&#628;/ - to be pants, mirative
duozibyan
/dozib&#690;a&#628;/ - to be pants, mirative, presumptive(insertion of -zi-
again)
gaozibyan
/g&#594;zib&#690;a&#628;/ - to be pants, mirative, conditional (insertion of
-zi- yet again)
pùn
/pu&#628;&#614;/ - to be pants, noun-focus
tùsùepùn
/tu&#614;s&#616;&#614;pu&#628;&#614;/ - to be pants, noun-focus, presumptive
(insertion of -zi- again, which changes to -sùe- due to taking on breathy
voice)
kùosùepùn
/ko&#614;s&#616;&#614;pu&#628;&#614;/ - to be pants, noun-focus, conditional
(same as above)
&nbsp;
síeypyíey
/sei&#660;p&#690;ei&#660;/ - spit, absolutive
míeyppyíey
/m&#690;ei&#660;p&#700;&#690;ei&#660;/ - my spit, absolutive (loss of initial
syllable and ejectivisation of /p/)
síeypyíeytu&#628;
/sei&#660;p&#690;ei&#660;tu&#628;/ - spit, ergative
míeyppyíeytun
/m&#690;ei&#660;p&#700;&#690;ei&#660;tu&#628;/ - my spit, ergative (loss of
initial syllable and ejectivisation of /p/ again )
síeypyíeytu
/sei&#660;p&#690;ei&#660;tu/ - to be spit, root
síeypyíeytla
/sei&#660;p&#690;ei&#660;t&#620;a/ - to be spit, mirative
túowppyíeytla
/tou&#660;p&#700;&#690;ei&#660;t&#620;a/ - to be spit, mirative, presumptive
(loss of initial syllable and ejectivisation of /p/ yet again)
kóeppyíeytla
/k&#604;&#660;p&#700;&#690;ei&#660;t&#620;a/ - to be spit, mirative,
conditional
síeypyíeytù
/sei&#660;p&#690;ei&#660;tu&#614;/ - to be spit, noun-focus
túowppyíeytù
/tou&#660;p&#700;&#690;ei&#660;tu&#614;/ - to be spit, noun-focus, presumptive
kóeppyíeytù
/k&#604;&#660;p&#700;&#690;ei&#660;tu&#614;/ - to be spit, noun-focus,
presumptive
&nbsp;
<h4>Dubitative Mood</h4>
This is used to indicate that the speaker is making a guess
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubitative_mood). It is marked with the prefix
muy-.
&nbsp;
<h4>Inferential Mood</h4>
This is used when the speaker
has found some evidence to infer that something is / was / will be happening,
but has not witnessed it (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferential_mood). It is
marked with the prefix bi-
&nbsp;
<h4>Deductive Mood</h4>
This is used when the speaker
has not witnessed an event, but is very sure that it is / was / will be
happening (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deductive_mood). It is marked with the
prefix ma-.
&nbsp;
<h4>Renarrative Mood</h4>
This is used for information
that the speaker has been told. It is marked with the prefix wa-.
&nbsp;
<h4>Assumptive Mood</h4>
This has two uses. The first
is for events that the speaker believes are / were / will be happening, based
on that event having previously occurred
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumptive_mood). The second is where English
would use the constructed “tend(s) to ...” to describe habit. It is marked with
the prefix kun-.
&nbsp;
<h4>Imperative Mood</h4>
This is used to tell the
listener to do something (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperative_mood). It is
marked with the prefix hay-
&nbsp;
<h4>Propositive Mood</h4>
This is used to make a
suggestion to do something together with the listener
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propositive_mood). It is normally marked with the
prefix ráesi- e.g.
&nbsp;
rèdlu
/&#641;&#600;&#614;d&#622;u/ - red, mirative
ráesuerèdlu
/ &#641;&#603;&#660;s&#616;&#641;&#600;&#614;d&#622;u/
- red, mirative, propositive
&nbsp;
However, if tense voice
spreads onto the prefix, the fricative -s- changes to the ejective -tts- e.g.
suekiraeypyu
/s&#616;ki&#641;&#603;ip&#690;u/ - to become scraped, mirative
ráettsíeykiraeypyu /r&#603;&#660;ts&#700;ei&#660;ki&#641;&#603;ip&#690;u/
- to become scraped, mirative, propositive
&nbsp;
<h4>Jussive Mood</h4>
This is used for things that
the speaker believes should happen (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jussive_mood).
It can be used with 1st, 2nd and 3rd person
subjects. It is marked with the prefix dla-.


[[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]]
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