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|notice = IPA
|notice = IPA
}}'''Xanian''' (''Vâka Xâkömarī'', {{IPA|/vɐka ʒɐkɵmaɹɪ/}}) is a North American language spoken by 5.6 million people, and the official language of [[Xania]]. It is a member of the [[Xanic langauges|Xanic]] language family, and largely regarded as a language isolate, the second largest of its type in the world after [[wikipedia:Korean language|Korean]]. For centuries, the Xanian language has remained distinct and separate from the rest of the languages around it, with little influence on the language until Xania's emergence into the world community in the late 1800s. Virtually nothing is known of the language's prehistory, and all information on when it first appeared in North America exists, leaving many to speculate that the language arrived with [[Xanians]] sometime around 1200 AD.
}}'''Xanian''' (''Vâka Xâkömarī'', {{IPA|/vɐka ʒɐkɵmaɹɪ/}}) is a North American language spoken by 5.6 million people, and the official language of [[Xania]]. It is a member of the [[Xanic langauges|Xanic]] language family, and largely regarded as a language isolate, the second largest of its type in the world after [[wikipedia:Korean language|Korean]]. For centuries, the Xanian language has remained distinct and separate from the rest of the languages around it, with little influence on the language until Xania's emergence into the world community in the late 1800s. Virtually nothing is known of the language's prehistory, and all information on when it first appeared in North America exists, leaving many to speculate that the language arrived with [[Xanians]] sometime around 1200 AD.
==Phonology==
==Phonology and orthography==
''Main articles: [[Xanian/Phonology|Xanian phonology]] and [[IPA for Xanian]]''
''Main articles: [[Xanian/Phonology|Xanian phonology]] and [[IPA for Xanian]]''
===Consonants===
===Consonants===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 600px; "
! colspan="2" scope="col" style="width: 30px; "|Grapheme
! scope="col" style="width: 50px; "|IPA
! scope="col" style="width: 260px; text-align: left; "|Description
! scope="col" style="width: 260px; text-align: left; "|Notes
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|D
| style="text-align: center;"|d
| style="text-align: center;"|[d]
| style="text-align: left;"|Voiced alveolar stop
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|H
| style="text-align: center;"|h
| style="text-align: center;"|[h]
| style="text-align: left;"|Voiceless glottal fricative
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|J
| style="text-align: center;"|j
| style="text-align: center;"|[dʒ]
| style="text-align: left;"|Voiced palato-alveolar affricate
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|K
| style="text-align: center;"|k
| style="text-align: center;"|[k]
| style="text-align: left;"|Voiceless velar stop
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|M
| style="text-align: center;"|m
| style="text-align: center;"|[m]
| style="text-align: left;"|Bilabial nasal
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|N
| style="text-align: center;"|n
| style="text-align: center;"|[n]
| style="text-align: left;"|Alveolar nasal
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|R
| style="text-align: center;"|r
| style="text-align: center;"|[ɹ]
| style="text-align: left;"|Alveolar approximant
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|S
| style="text-align: center;"|s
| style="text-align: center;"|[s]
| style="text-align: left;"|Voiceless alveolar sibilant
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|Š
| style="text-align: center;"|š
| style="text-align: center;"|[ʃ]
| style="text-align: left;"|Voiceless palato-alveolar fricative
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|T
| style="text-align: center;"|t
| style="text-align: center;"|[t]
| style="text-align: left;"|Voiceless alveolar plosive
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|V
| style="text-align: center;"|v
| style="text-align: center;"|[v]
| style="text-align: left;"|Voiced labiodental fricative
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|X
| style="text-align: center;"|x
| style="text-align: center;"|[ʒ]
| style="text-align: left;"|Voiced palato-alveolar sibilant
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|Y
| style="text-align: center;"|y
| style="text-align: center;"|[j]
| style="text-align: left;"|Palatal approximant
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|Z
| style="text-align: center;"|z
| style="text-align: center;"|[z]
| style="text-align: left;"|Voiced alveolar fricative
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|}
===Vowels===
===Vowels===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 600px; "
===Digraphs and trigraphs===
! colspan="2" scope="col" style="width: 30px; "|Grapheme
! scope="col" style="width: 50px; "|IPA
! scope="col" style="width: 260px; text-align: left; "|Description
! scope="col" style="width: 260px; text-align: left; "|Notes
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|A
| style="text-align: center;"|a
| style="text-align: center;"|[a]
| style="text-align: left;"|Open front unrounded vowel
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|Â
| style="text-align: center;"|â
| style="text-align: center;"|[ɐ]
| style="text-align: left;"|Near-open central vowel
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|E
| style="text-align: center;"|e
| style="text-align: center;"|[e]
| style="text-align: left;"|Close-mid front unrounded vowel
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|I
| style="text-align: center;"|i
| style="text-align: center;"|[i]
| style="text-align: left;"|Close front unrounded vowel
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|Ī
| style="text-align: center;"|ī
| style="text-align: center;"|[ɪ]
| style="text-align: left;"|Near-close near-front unrounded vowel
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|O
| style="text-align: center;"|o
| style="text-align: center;"|[o]
| style="text-align: left;"|Close-mid back rounded vowel
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|Ö
| style="text-align: center;"|ö
| style="text-align: center;"|[ɵ]
| style="text-align: left;"|Close-mid central rounded vowel
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|U
| style="text-align: center;"|u
| style="text-align: center;"|[u]
| style="text-align: left;"|Close back rounded vowel
| style="text-align: left;"| -
|}
===Alphabet===
===Alphabet===
The Xanian language has its own alphabet, which has traditionally been the only one in use by the speakers of the language. However, the usage of Latin in place of the [[Xanian alphabet]] only recently came to supplant the later as more and more Xanians in the United States adopted the Latin scipt for practical reasons. However, the Xanian script remains the primary written script in regions where Xanians are the primary inhabitants. On official documents of the Xanian people, the Xanian alphabet is always used, with one in the Romanized alphabet put out shortly thereafter. All icons and emblems used by the Xanians which possess writing on them, are always in the Xanian alphabet.
===Nota bene===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 924px; "
|+Xanian alphabet
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|A a
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|Â â
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|D d
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|E e
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|H h
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|I i
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|Ī ī
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|J j
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|K k
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|M m
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|N n
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|O o
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|Ö ö
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|R r
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|S s
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|Š š
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|T t
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|U u
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|V v
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|X x
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|Y y
! scope="col" style="width: 42px; text-align: center; "|Z z
|-
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[a]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[ɐ]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[d]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[e]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[h]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[i]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[ɪ]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[dʒ]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[k]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[m]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[n]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[o]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[ɵ]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[ɹ]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[s]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[ʃ]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[t]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[u]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[v]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[ʒ]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[j]
| scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 42px; "|[z]
|}
 
===Stress, rhythm and intonation===
Xanian is a highly stressed language, with emphasize on the first or second syllables of a short word, or first to middle syllables of a longer word, typically regarded as the norm.  The stress on words with Xanian is often considered similar to the stressing of words in the English and Latin, though Xanian words will have circumflex marks to indicate when stress on a particular syllable is required, much as with the accents in Latin and Romance languages. With regards to rhythm, Xanian is a stress-timed language, with stressed and unstressed syllables carrying equal weight in a word though the stressed portion may be shorter than the unstressed portion in letter length, but longer when voiced.
 
==Grammar==
==Grammar==
===Cases===
===Nouns===
====Masculine====
====Feminine====
====Neuter====
====Diminutives and augmentatives====
===Articles===
====Definite====
====Indefinite====
===Adjectives===
===Comparatives===
====More====
====Less====
====As... as====
===Superlatives===
====Most====
====Least====
===Personal pronouns===
====Masculine====
====Feminine====
====Neuter====
====Reflexive====
===Possessives===
===Interrogative pronouns===
===Relative pronouns===
===Demonstrative pronouns===
===Verbs===
====Tenses and moods====
=====Indicative mood=====
=====Conditional mood=====
=====Imperative mood=====
====Voices====
====Continuous====
====Gnomic====
====Reflexives====
====Polarity====
====Irregular verbs====
===Adverbs===
===Word order===
==Numerals==
===Cardinal===
===Ordinal===
===Adverbial===
===Multiplier===
===Distributive===
===Collective===
===Fractional===
==Ages==
==Months of the year==
==Days of the week==
==Dates==
==="What date is it?"===
==="When?"===
==Times==
==="What time is it?"===
==="When?"===
==Seasons==
===Traditional===
===Xanian===
==Names==
==Vocabulary==
==Vocabulary==
==Writing system==
===Colours===
==Study by non-native speakers==
===Conjunctions===
===Contionary===
===Kinship===
===Points of the compass===
===Swadesh list===
===Weather phrases===


[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Xanian]]
[[Category:Xanian]]
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