Interlingua/Morphology: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 04:25, 16 February 2025

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:''{{term|roc}}''   'rook' [chess]   →  ''roches''  'rooks'
:''{{term|roc}}''   'rook' [chess]   →  ''roches''  'rooks'


Intralingua has grammatical gender, like all Romance languages. Animate nouns are sex-neutral, unless they refer specifically to a male or a female in the lexicon. Thus, ''{{term|jornalista}}'' 'journalist' and ''{{term|scientista}}'' 'scientist' are usable of both men and women, even though ''{{term|rege}}'' 'king' and ''{{term|regina}}'' 'queen' are sex-specific. Feminine forms can be created by substituting final ''{{term|-a}}'' for a final ''-o'' or ''-e'' or by adding the suffix ''{{term|-essa}}''.  So it is that gender refers more to the form (i.e. ending) than to sex.
Interlingua has no grammatical gender, unlike all Romance languages. Animate nouns are sex-neutral, unless they refer specifically to a male or a female in the lexicon. Thus, ''{{term|jornalista}}'' 'journalist' and ''{{term|scientista}}'' 'scientist' are usable of both men and women, even though ''{{term|rege}}'' 'king' and ''{{term|regina}}'' 'queen' are sex-specific. Feminine forms can be created by substituting final ''{{term|-a}}'' for a final ''-o'' or ''-e'' or by adding the suffix ''{{term|-essa}}''.  So it is that gender refers more to the form (i.e. ending) than to sex.


:''{{term|puero}}''   'boy'   →  ''puera''  'girl'
:''{{term|puero}}''   'boy'   →  ''puera''  'girl'
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: ''belles oculos'' or ''oculos belles''   'beautiful eyes'
: ''belles oculos'' or ''oculos belles''   'beautiful eyes'
: ''una bona idea, una idea ingeniosa''   'a good idea, an ingenious idea'
: ''una bona idea, una idea ingeniosa''   'a good idea, an ingenious idea'
An adjective or article has to agree with the noun it modifies, and such number and gender information is very helpful in determining what kind of things is being references.
:''le parves infantes''   'the little children';    but    ''le parves''   'the little ones'


Comparative degree is expressed by ''{{term|plus}}'' or ''{{term|minus}}'' preceding the adjective and superlative degree by ''le plus'' or ''la minus''.
Comparative degree is expressed by ''{{term|plus}}'' or ''{{term|minus}}'' preceding the adjective and superlative degree by ''le plus'' or ''la minus''.
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: ''Da le can a illes.''   'Give them the dog.'
: ''Da le can a illes.''   'Give them the dog.'


Intralingua follows the European custom of using the plural forms ''vos'' etc. rather than ''tu'' etc. in formal situations.
Interlingua follows the European custom of using the plural forms ''vos'' etc. rather than ''tu'' etc. in formal situations.


: ''Esque vos passava un viage placente, Seniora Chan?''   'Did you have a pleasant trip, Mrs. Chan?'
: ''Esque vos passava un viage placente, Seniora Chan?''   'Did you have a pleasant trip, Mrs. Chan?'
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{{Aquatiki}}
{{Aquatiki}}
[[Category:Intralingua]]
[[Category:Interlingua]]
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