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TolsianR: Difference between revisions
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→Phonology
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=Phonology= | |||
==Consonants== | |||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center;" | {| class=wikitable style="text-align:center;" | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
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|colspan="2"| pʰ p b | |colspan="2"| pʰ p b | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| tʰ t d | |colspan="2"| tʰ t̚ t d | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
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There is also an additional consonant, here transcribed as /h̪/. | There is also an additional consonant, here transcribed as /h̪/. | ||
==Vowels== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | ||
! colspan="2"| | ! colspan="2"| | ||
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|} | |} | ||
==Phonotactics== | |||
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. --> | <!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. --> | ||
==Orthography== | |||
<!--Explain your conlang's alphabet. Use the International Phonetic Alphabet to describe the sounds of your language. If you are unsure on how to use IPA then visit: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet and read up. --> | <!--Explain your conlang's alphabet. Use the International Phonetic Alphabet to describe the sounds of your language. If you are unsure on how to use IPA then visit: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet and read up. --> | ||
Tolsian has its own script and an official, perfectly matching romanization. The alphabet is considered to consist of 36 letters, plus diacritics : | Tolsian has its own script and an official, perfectly matching romanization. The alphabet is considered to consist of 36 letters, plus diacritics : | ||
===Alphabet=== | |||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
Y y - /jo/, /oj/ | Y y - /jo/, /oj/ | ||
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|colspan="2"| pʰ <ph> p <p> b <b> | |colspan="2"| pʰ <ph> p <p> b <b> | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| tʰ <ŧ> t <t> d <d> | |colspan="2"| tʰ, t̚ <ŧ> t <t> d <d> | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
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|} | |} | ||
==New orthography== | |||
However, another Latin transliteration has been designed so as to be more phonemic and easier to write on a computer, and is getting more and more popular : | However, another Latin transliteration has been designed so as to be more phonemic and easier to write on a computer, and is getting more and more popular : | ||
Consonants | ===Alphabet=== | ||
<poem> | |||
A a /a/ | |||
Ä ä /ɛ/ | |||
(Â â /ɔ̃/) | |||
(Ã ã /ɑ̃/) | |||
B b /b/ | |||
C c /θ/ | |||
D d /d/ | |||
E e /e/ | |||
(Ê ê /ɑ̃/) | |||
(Ẽ ẽ /ɛ̃/) | |||
F f /f/ | |||
G g /g/ | |||
H h /h/ | |||
I i /i/ | |||
(Î î /ɛ̃/) | |||
(Ĩ ĩ /ɛ̃/) | |||
J j /ʀ/ (/ʒ/) | |||
K k /k/ | |||
L l /l/ | |||
M m /m/ | |||
N n /n/ | |||
(Ñ ñ /ɲ/) | |||
O o /o/ | |||
Ö ö /œ/ | |||
Ò ò /ɔ/ | |||
(Õ õ /ɔ̃/) | |||
P p /p/ | |||
(Q q /ʃ/ or /h̪/) | |||
R r /ʁ/ | |||
S s /s/ | |||
T t /t/ | |||
U u /u/ | |||
Ü ü /y/ | |||
V v /v/ | |||
W w /w/ | |||
X x /χ/ | |||
Y y /j/ | |||
Z z /z/ | |||
</poem> | |||
====Composed Graphemes==== | |||
ph, th, kh : /pʰ/, /tʰ/, /kʰ/ | |||
fh, bh (vh), dh, sh, zh, xh, gh : /ɸ/, /β/, /ð/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /x/, /ɣ/ | |||
nh : /ɲ/ | |||
lh : /ɾ/ | |||
mb, nd, ngg, ng : /ᵐb/, /ⁿd/, /ᵑg/, /ŋ/ | |||
(rr : /ʀ/) | |||
<--! Consonants | |||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
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/ɛ̃/ î ; /ɔ̃/ â ; /ɑ̃/ ê or õ | /ɛ̃/ î ; /ɔ̃/ â ; /ɑ̃/ ê or õ | ||
</poem> | </poem> | ||
--> | |||
====Tables of phonemes and their corresponding graphemes==== | ====Tables of phonemes and their corresponding graphemes==== | ||
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|colspan="2"|e <e> ø <ö> | |colspan="2"|e <e> ø <ö> | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"|o <o | |colspan="2"|o <o> | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="2"|Open-mid | !colspan="2"|Open-mid | ||
|colspan="2"|ɛ <ä> ɛ̃ <î> | |colspan="2"|ɛ <ä> ɛ̃ <î> | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"|ɔ < | |colspan="2"|ɔ <ò> ɔ̃ <â>, <õ> | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="2"|Open | !colspan="2"|Open | ||