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→Adjectives
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===Adjectives=== | ===Adjectives=== | ||
Adjectives agree in number and gender (masculine/feminine) with the noun they qualify. They're usually derived from nouns, but sometimes from verbs as well. Adjectives derived from nouns often take on the suffix -''el(c)'', -''al(c)'', ''-ilc'' (/el/, /al/, /il/ ; masculine (masculine plural), feminine (feminine plural) and neuter plural, respectively) if the noun stem ends in a consonant ; or the suffix ''-le(c)'', -''la(c)'', -''lic'' (/le(s)/, /la(s)/, /lis/) if it ends in a vowel. As for adjectives derived from verbs, they're usually past participle with added suffixes for gender and number : ''-e(c)'', -''a(c)'', ''-i(c)''. | Adjectives agree in number and gender (masculine/feminine) with the noun they qualify. They're usually derived from nouns, but sometimes from verbs as well. | ||
There are three main ending patterns, identified by their singular neutral form : | |||
<poem> | |||
1. -''il'' : -il(c), -el(c), -ela(c) are the neutral, masculine and feminine endings, respectively. In the masculine, the pronunciations [el] and [ɛl] are in free variation, but it is rarely reflected in the orthography, even in the new standard. This type of ending is usually added to a stem ending in a consonant. | |||
2. -''li'' : -li(c), -le(c), -la(c). Usually added to a stem ending in a vowel. | |||
3. -''i'' : -i(c), -e(c), -a(c). Usually added to a stem ending in a consonant. This is a common ending for adjectives derived from past participles of verbs. | |||
4. -''iC'' : -iC(c), -eC(c), -aC(c), where C stands for some stem consonant. In this case, a gender thematic vowel is inserted before the last consonant of the stem, rather than added to it. This is a rarer type of adjective ending. | |||
</poem> | |||
The neutral form is only used in the plural nowadays, when qualifying several nouns of diverging gender. An exception is that, in dictionaries, adjectives are usually listed under their singular neutral form. Also, recent speech developments have seen a revival of the singular neutral when talking about individuals who don't follow binary gender conventions. | |||
Adjectives are almost always placed after the noun they qualify. | |||
<!-- Adjectives derived from nouns often take on the suffix -''el(c)'', -''al(c)'', ''-ilc'' (/el/, /al/, /il/ ; masculine (masculine plural), feminine (feminine plural) and neuter plural, respectively) if the noun stem ends in a consonant ; or the suffix ''-le(c)'', -''la(c)'', -''lic'' (/le(s)/, /la(s)/, /lis/) if it ends in a vowel. As for adjectives derived from verbs, they're usually past participle with added suffixes for gender and number : ''-e(c)'', -''a(c)'', ''-i(c)''. | |||
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====Comparative and superlative==== | ====Comparative and superlative==== | ||