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Luthic: Difference between revisions
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* (passive) þata vino sará dregcatu mina. → The wine will be drunk by me. | * (passive) þata vino sará dregcatu mina. → The wine will be drunk by me. | ||
In addition, Luthic has a modal future formed with the present tense of the modal auxiliary verb scolare followed by the main verb’s infinitive. It is used to express a higher degree of certainty, obligation, or determination about a future event. It carries a sense of inevitability or obligation (deontic modality): | |||
* (future) bugiraggio. → I will buy (forecast). | * (future) bugiraggio. → I will buy (forecast). | ||
* (deontic) schio bugire. → I shall buy (obligation). | * (deontic) schio bugire. → I shall buy (obligation). | ||
It is often accompanied by a temporal adverb: | |||
* (future) bugiraggio crai. → I will buy tomorrow (forecast for tomorrow). | * (future) bugiraggio crai. → I will buy tomorrow (forecast for tomorrow). | ||
* (deontic) schio bugire crai. → I shall buy tomorrow (obligation for tomorrow). | * (deontic) schio bugire crai. → I shall buy tomorrow (obligation for tomorrow). | ||
=====Future perfect===== | |||
The future perfect is a compound tense used to describe an action that will have been completed before another point or event in the future. In the active voice, it is constructed with the future tense of the auxiliary verb ‘to have’ followed by the past participle of the main verb. In the passive voice, it employs a distinct periphrastic construction: the future tense of the auxiliary ‘to be’ is combined with the past participles of both the auxiliary ‘to have’ and the main verb. | |||
* (active) avrá togitu. → It will have done. | |||
* (passive) sará avutu togitu. → It will have been done. | |||
It should be noted that the paradigms presented in this section apply to regular verbs. Luthic also possesses a number of irregular verbs, whose forms often preserve unique historical developments. A comprehensive treatment of these verbs is beyond the scope of this introductory grammar and will be addressed in the later chapters on historical morphology. | |||
====Imperative==== | |||
The imperative mood is used to issue direct commands, requests, and prohibitions. In Luthic, its formation is distinct for affirmative and negative commands and is productive only in the second person. | |||
* Affirmative imperative: the affirmative command has specific forms for the second-person singular, dual and plural, which are derived from the verb stem. | |||
* Negative imperative (prohibition): negative commands are formed periphrastically. The prohibition is expressed by the negative particle followed by the verb’s full infinitive form. This same construction is used for both singular, dual and plural addressees. | |||
: * (prohibition) non rogire! → Do not speak! | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||