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m (→Consonants) |
m (→Consonants) |
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Notes: | Notes: | ||
*The aspiration distinction is neutralized word-finally. | *The aspiration distinction is neutralized word-finally. | ||
*/ʟ/ is phonetically a pharyngealized uvular approximant [ʁ̞ˤ] or a backed uvular approximant [ʁ̠̞] which may be pronounced with compressed lips [ʁ̞ˤᵝ~ʁ̠̞ᵝ] | */ʟ/ is phonetically a pharyngealized uvular approximant [ʁ̞ˤ] or a backed uvular approximant [ʁ̠̞] which may be pronounced with compressed lips [ʁ̞ˤᵝ~ʁ̠̞ᵝ]; the vocalic quality resembles [ɤ]. It is similar to the Philadelphia English vocalized L. The realization [ɴ] may be heard after vowels. (This article uses /ʟ/ for simplicity.) | ||
*/ʀ/ is a trill [ʀ] in careful speech. It is a fricative [ʁ] or an approximant [ʁ̞] in casual speech which devoices to [χ] word-finally or after an aspirate. The main features distinguishing /ʀ/ from /ʟ/ are greater frication and absence of pharyngealization in the former. In some dialects | ** In classical singing and some dialects [ɫ] is used. | ||
*/ʀ/ is a trill [ʀ] in careful speech. It is a fricative [ʁ] or an approximant [ʁ̞] in casual speech which devoices to [χ] word-finally or after an aspirate. The main features distinguishing /ʀ/ from /ʟ/ are greater frication and absence of pharyngealization in the former. | |||
** In classical singing and some dialects [r] is used. | |||
====Initial consonant mutations==== | ====Initial consonant mutations==== |
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