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==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Nouns=== | |||
{{col-begin}} | {{col-begin}} | ||
{{col-break}} | {{col-break}} | ||
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{{col-end}} | {{col-end}} | ||
Compound words are head-final: ''sóng-truu'' = 'agenda book' (lit. 'check-book', i.e. a book that one checks) | |||
For indefinite nouns, attributive adjectives follow the noun and do not mutate: ''gai gau'' 'a tall tree/tall trees', ''truu gau'' 'a long book/long books'. | |||
For definite nouns, attributive adjectives precede the noun and take the same mutation as the noun: ''an gau gai'' 'the tall tree', ''an n-gau dtruu'' 'the long book' | |||
===Verb phrase=== | |||
Verbs do not inflect for subject agreement or tense; however, preverbal tense/discourse/connective markers trigger mutations on the verb. Unusually, connectives come immediately after the verb. | |||
Tense: | |||
*present: no marker | |||
**''seau'' /sɛ̄ːw/ = 'dies' (< AW ''zernen''), ''ec'' /ʔɛk/ = 'buys' (< AW ''eckern'') | |||
*past: ''hyng'' + lenition (< AW ''schillen'' 'finish') | |||
**''hyng sheau'' /hʏ̄ŋ hɛ̄ːw/ = 'died', ''hyng ec'' /hʏ̄ŋ ʔɛk/ = 'bought' | |||
*future: ''ngéa'' + h-prothesis ( < AW ''Đerz'' 'wish') | |||
**''ngéa seau'' /ŋɛ́ː sɛ̄ːw/ = 'will die', ''ngéa h-ec'' /ŋɛ́ː hɛk/ 'will buy' | |||
Connectives: | |||
*''zet'' + lenition: 'when' (< AW ''sätter'' 'eventually') | |||
*''dài'' + eclipsis: 'because' (< AW ''deichen'') | |||
*''ppaang'' + lenition < 'but, however' (''spaler'' 'unfortunately') | |||
Discourse markers: | |||
===Derivational morphology=== | |||
*''ba-'' + lenition: verbalizer | |||
**''ba-bhiiu'': 'nasalize' < ''biiu'' 'nose' | |||
*''ga-'' + lenition: nominalizer | |||
*''in-'': increments a verb's valency | |||
*''sa-'' + lenition: decrements a verb's velency | |||
[[Category:Quihum languages]][[Category:Pfeunic languages]][[Category:Wiebic languages]][[Category:Hussmauch]][[Category:Pseudo-Celtic]] | [[Category:Quihum languages]][[Category:Pfeunic languages]][[Category:Wiebic languages]][[Category:Hussmauch]][[Category:Pseudo-Celtic]] | ||