80
edits
Vurásandi: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
→Verbs
(→Verbs) |
(→Verbs) |
||
| Line 387: | Line 387: | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
To form a verb, you must first build a verb root out of three consonants using one of the verb pattern formulas above, then you may add the appropriate subject pronoun as a prefix. If it is already clear to the listener you may drop the pronouns. Then you have the option of adding a vowel for tense, a consonant for voice, the same vowel again,another consonant for mood, and another consonant for aspect. It may be ended with an -a if it produces and undesirable consonant cluster at the coda. | To form a verb, you must first build a verb root out of three consonants using one of the verb pattern formulas above, then you may add the appropriate subject pronoun as a prefix. If it is already clear to the listener you may drop the pronouns. Then you have the option of adding a vowel for tense, a consonant for voice, the same vowel again,another consonant for mood, and another consonant for aspect. It may be ended with an -a if it produces and undesirable consonant cluster at the coda. | ||
(PN)-ROOT-(V)-(C)-(V)-(C)-(C)-(a) | (PN)-ROOT-(V [tense])-(C [voice])-(V [tense])-(C [mood])-(C [aspect])-(a)<br /> | ||
==== Tense ==== | ==== Tense ==== | ||
Tense is used to refer to when an action occurred. There are 6 tenses in Vurásandi: | Tense is used to refer to when an action occurred. There are 6 tenses in Vurásandi: | ||
| Line 395: | Line 396: | ||
* Near Future is used to talk about things that about to happen. | * Near Future is used to talk about things that about to happen. | ||
* (Distant) Future is used to talk about things that will happen. | * (Distant) Future is used to talk about things that will happen. | ||
The vowels used to represent these tenses are i, e, a, o, and u respectively.<br /> | |||
==== Voice ==== | ==== Voice ==== | ||
Voice is used to change the relationship between the verb and the main agent of the verb. There are 8 voices in Vurásandi; 4 affirmative and their 4 negative counterparts. | |||
* Active voice (ACT)- used to talk about things doing something or not. | |||
* Passive voice (PAS)- used to talk about things being done or not. | |||
* Causative voice (CAU)- used to talk about making things do something or not. | |||
* Potential voice (POT)- used to talk about things being able to do something or not. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! voice !! affirmative !! negative | |||
|- | |||
| ACT || -(l)- || -n- | |||
|- | |||
| PAS || -t- || -nt- | |||
|- | |||
| CAU || -k- || -nk- | |||
|- | |||
| POT || -y- || -ny- | |||
|} | |||
The active voice is usually not marked in the affirmative, but if necessary there might be an l to represent it. | |||
==== Mood ==== | |||
Mood is used to roughly express how the speaker feels about the action. There are 14 moods in Vurásandi:<br /> | |||
* Indicative mood (IND)- used to express a speaker's general belief. | |||
* Alethic mood (ALT)- used to express things that are common sense, general truths, things everyone is assumed to know | |||
* Tentative mood (TEN)- used to express things that are likely to happen, probably will happen | |||
* Dubitive mood (DUB)- used to express things that are possible to happen | |||
* Debitive mood (DEB)- used to express things that need to happen | |||
* Permissive mood (PER)- used to grant permission to someone | |||
* Imperative mood (IMP)- used to give a command | |||
* Requestive mood (REQ)- used to soften a command, more polite way to request | |||
* Hortative mood (HOR)- used to politely encourage someone | |||
* Adhortative mood (ADH)- used to advise someone who is less knowledgeable than you | |||
* Commissive mood (CMM)- used to promise or threaten | |||
* Desiderative mood (DES)- used to express wants or desires | |||
* Esperative mood (ESP)- used to express hopes and dreams | |||
* Amative mood (AMA)- used to express likes | |||
==== Aspect ==== | ==== Aspect ==== | ||