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→Irrealis stem
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The irrealis stem is formed through reduplication of the initial syllable (or /a/) of the root. Historically the reduplication feature evoled after the fusion of the intensifying particle '''''[[#Ya|ya]]''''', which then metathesized into /ay/, affecting the quality of the rightmost consonant of the reduplicated pair. Thus /t/ reduplicates into /ŧ / and so on as follows: | The irrealis stem is formed through reduplication of the initial syllable (or /a/) of the root. Historically the reduplication feature evoled after the fusion of the intensifying particle '''''[[#Ya|ya]]''''', which then metathesized into /ay/, affecting the quality of the rightmost consonant of the reduplicated pair. Thus /t/ reduplicates into /ŧ / and so on as follows: | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;" | |||
! rowspan="2" style="width: 90px; "| | |||
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |{{sc|labial}} | |||
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |{{sc|alveolar}} | |||
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |{{sc|postalveolar}} | |||
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |{{sc|velar}} | |||
|- | |||
!style="width: 45px; "|{{sc|unvoiced}} | |||
!style="width: 45px; "|{{sc|voiced}} | |||
!style="width: 45px; "|{{sc|unvoiced}} | |||
!style="width: 45px; "|{{sc|voiced}} | |||
!style="width: 45px; "|{{sc|unvoiced}} | |||
!style="width: 45px; "|{{sc|voiced}} | |||
!style="width: 45px; "|{{sc|unvoiced}} | |||
!style="width: 45px; "|{{sc|voiced}} | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |{{sc|stops}} | |||
| '''parn- > payparn-''' | |||
| '''barn- > bayparn-''' | |||
| '''tarn- > taŧarn-''' | |||
| '''darn- > dađarn-''' | |||
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| '''karn- > kačarn-''' | |||
| '''garn- > gažarn-''' | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |{{sc|nasals}} | |||
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| '''marn- > maymarn-''' | |||
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| '''narn- > naynarn-''' | |||
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|- | |||
! style="" |{{sc|fricatives}} | |||
| | |||
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| '''sarn- > sašarn-''' | |||
| '''zarn- > zažarn-''' | |||
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|- | |||
! style="" |{{sc|liquids}} | |||
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| '''warn- > wavarn-''' | |||
| '''larn- > laylarn-''' | |||
| '''rarn- > rayrarn-''' | |||
| | |||
| '''yarn- > yayarn-''' | |||
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|} | |||
The irrealis stem in conjunction with other verbal infixes and adverbs is used to form: | The irrealis stem in conjunction with other verbal infixes and adverbs is used to form: | ||