User:MIGUELbM/Muna v3.0

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Introduction

Phonology

Consonants
Bilabial Labiodental Alveolar Velar Glottal
Nasal m n
Plosive p b t d k g
Flap / tap ɾ
Fricative f s x
Approximant ʋ l h


Vowels
  Front Near- front Central Near- back Back
Close
Blank vowel trapezoid.svg
i
ɨ
u
ä
  Near-close
Close-mid
Mid
Open-mid
Near-open
Open

Phonotactics

Syllables are minimally V and maximally CrVVK

Syllable structure
Syllable
Onset Medial Nucleus Coda
(C) (r) V (V) (K)
  • Any consonant
  • /ɾ/
  • Any vowel
  • Any diphthong
  • /n/
  • /s/
  • /ɾ/
  • /l/
  • Medial /ɾ/ can only go after a voiceless consonant and reduces to [l] after a fricative.
  • Coda /n/ and /s/ assimilate by place of articulation to the following consonant
  • Intersyllabic /ɾ.ɾ/ are fortitioned into /r./

Stress

It has a pitch-accent system that is mostly used to differentiate verbs from non-verbs.

Grammar summary

Basic sentence structure is SOXV, or Subject Object Oblique Verb.

Clause types

Relative

Muna uses a gapping strategy with a participle marking in the verb

[late come-ptcp] girl-agt sad
The girl [who came late] is sad.

Comparative

Muna uses an exceed type of comparative, in which a verb roughly meaning 'to exceed' is used with the two compared arguments.

Reflective

Reciprocal

Syntactic and pragmatic variation

Nouns

Noun phrase

Noun case

Genitive

Verbs

Verb phrase

Verb agreement

Serial verb constructions

Tense

Aspect

Mood

Adjectives

Adverbs

Pronouns

Demonstrative

Postpositions

Particles

Numerals