User:Waahlis/Incubator
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Examples of different alignments
Tripartite
| Sentence: | káĺoʔ ʔiceyé·ye hikiyé·yiksene mút̓etx | ʔí·n wí·ne | ʔipním pó·pciy̓awnax̩ ʔinekí·x titlú·ne ʔimé·sne | ||||||||||
| Morphemes: | káĺoʔ | ʔiceyé·ye-∅ | hikiyé·yiksene | mút̓etx | ʔí·n-∅ | wí·ne | ʔip-ním | pó·pciy̓awnax̩ | titlú·ne | ʔinekí·x-ne | ʔimé·s-ne | ||
| Approximation | just | coyote-∅ | wander pst | downriver | I-∅ | crie pst | He-erg | would kill | even | big-acc | deer-acc | ||
| Function: | ADVERB | S | VERBintrans | S | VERBintrans | A | VERBtrans | O | |||||
| Translation: | 'Coyote was just wandering downriver.' | 'I cried.' | 'He will kill even a big deer.' | ||||||||||
Active
| Sentence: | Vaxt’angi ekimi iqo | Ninom daamtknara | Ninom ačvena suratebi Gias | ||||||||
| Morphemes: | vaxt’ang-i | ekim-i | iqo | nino-m | daamtknara | nino-m | ačvena | surat-eb-i | gia-s | ||
| Gloss: | Vakhtang-pat | doktor-pat | be aor.3sg | Nino-agt | yawn aor.3sg | Nino-agt | show aor.3sg | picture-pl-pat | Gia-dat | ||
| Function: | S | S | VERBintrans | S | VERBintrans | A | VERBtrans | O | OBJECTindirect | ||
| Translation: | 'Vakhtang was a doctor.' | 'Nino yawned.' | 'Nino showed the pictures to Gia.' | ||||||||
Ergative
| Sentence: | Gizona etorri da. | Gizonak mutila ikusi du. | ||||
| Morphemes: | gizona-∅ | etorri da | gizona-k | mutila-∅ | ikusi du | |
| Gloss: | the.man-abs | has arrived | the.man-erg | boy-abs | saw | |
| Function: | S | VERBintrans | A | O | VERBtrans | |
| Translation: | 'The man has arrived.' | 'The man saw the boy.' | ||||
Direct
| Sentence: | rén | lái le | zhāngsān | mà | lĭsì le ma | ||||||
| Words: | rén-∅ | lái le | zhāngsān-∅ | mà-∅ | lĭsì le ma | ||||||
| Gloss: | person-∅ | come crs | Zhangsan-∅ | scold | Lisi crs q | ||||||
| Function: | S | VERBintrans | A | VERBtrans | O | ||||||
| Translation: | 'The person has come.' | 'Did Zhangsan scold Lisi?' | |||||||||
| Sentence: | the man hunts | the man hunts bears | |||||
| Words: | the man-∅ | hunts | the man-∅ | hunts -∅ | bears -∅ | ||
| Gloss: | the def man-∅ | hunt | the def man-∅ | hunt | bears-∅ | ||
| Function: | S | VERBintrans | A | VERBtrans | O | ||
| Translation: | 'The man hunts.' | 'The man hunts bears' | |||||
Nominative-accusative
| Sentence: |
putns lidoja |
Bērns zīmē suni |
|||||||||
| Words: | putn-s | lidoja | Bērn-s | zīmē | sun-i | ||||||
| Gloss: | bird-nom | fly.pst.3 | child-nom | draw.pres.3 | dog-acc | ||||||
| Function: | S | VERBintrans | A | VERBtrans | O | ||||||
| Translation: | 'The bird was flying' | 'The child is drawing a dog.' | |||||||||