Brytho-Hellenic: Difference between revisions

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| -  
|-
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|dd
|dh
|[ð]
|[ð] / [j] / [v] / [ ]
|it is pronounced as ''th'' in the word ''this''
|generally it is pronounced as ''th'' in the word ''this''; when it occurs between vowels its pronunciation can vary between [j] and [v]: generally it is [j] when the vowel that follows is '''a''', '''e''', '''i''' or '''y''', while it is [v] when the vowel that follows is '''o''' or '''u'''. Some speakers don't pronounce it at all when it comes in patterns '''o-o''', '''u-u''', '''o-u''' and '''u-o'''
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|-
|e
|e
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|-
|-
|f
|f
|[v]
| -
|-
|ff
|[f]
|[f]
| -
| -
|-
|-
|g
|g
|[g] / [ʝ] / [h] ([x]) / [ ]
|[g] / [x] / [h]
|it is always pronunced as in the English word ''get''
|when it comes beforse or after other consonants it is pronounced [g], between vowels it is pronounced [x], even if some speakers tend to pronounce it as [h] in this position
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|-
|h
|h
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|u
|u
|[i]
|[i]
| -
|-
|v
|[v]
| -
| -
|-
|-
|w
|w
|[u] / [w]
|[u] / [w]
|it is pronounced as [u] when it is followed by a consonant; it is pronounced [w] when it is preceded or followed by a vowel; when it is followed by '''l''' or '''r''' it can have either a consonantal or vocalic value, to distinguish it, it is written '''ŵ''' when it has a vocalic value
|it is pronounced as [u] when it is followed by a consonant; it is pronounced [w] when it is preceded or followed by a vowel; when it is followed by '''l''' or '''r''' it can have either a consonantal or vocalic value, to distinguish it, it is written '''ŵ''' when it has a vocalic value; in the diphthong '''wy''' it can be either the vocalic (it is written '''ŵy''') or consonantical element (it is written wŷ)
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|-
|y
|y
|[i] / [e]
|[i] / [e]
|in monosyllabic words it is read as [i], in polysyllabic words it is read [i] if in the last syllable, otherwise [e]
|in monosyllabic words it is read as [i], in polysyllabic words it is read [i] if in the last syllable, otherwise [e]; in the diphthong '''wy''' it can be either the vocalic (it is written '''wŷ''') or consonantical element (it is written ŵy)
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|(x)
|x
|h
|h
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In the South-Western area (our Cornwall) the ''h'' within words is pronounced as [x].


===Vocalic phonemes===
===Vocalic phonemes===
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Brythohellenic has got only one digraph: ''rh'' [r̥], which is rare enough. The other combinations, f.ex. ''dd'', ''ff'', ''th'' are considered true letters.
Brythohellenic has got only one digraph: ''rh'' [r̥], which is rare enough. The other combinations as ''dh'' and ''th'' are considered true letters.


===Stress===
===Stress===
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Ancient Greek has undergone deep changes during its coexistence with Latin and above all with the '''Brythonic languages'''. Two main changes have been:
Ancient Greek has undergone deep changes during its coexistence with Latin and above all with the '''Brythonic languages'''. Two main changes have been:


* often the hiatus with 'i' has become a diphthong, ex.: ''σοφία'' > *''σόφια'' > '''heff''', "knowledge";
* often the hiatus with 'i' has become a diphthong, ex.: ''σοφία'' > *''σόφια'' > '''hef''', "knowledge";
* almost always the last syllable has fallen, ex.: ''καινός'' > '''kaen''', "new"; ''θάνατος'' > '''thanadd''', "death".
* almost always the last syllable has fallen, ex.: ''καινός'' > '''kaen''', "new"; ''θάνατος'' > '''thanadh''', "death".


These two phoenomena have influenced heavily the stress system of Brythohellenic. Nowadays the stress steadily falls on the last but one syllable: this means that in the plural forms of nouns it shifts, ex.: '''thalas''' ['θalas], "sea" > '''thalasas''' [θa'lasas], "seas"; '''aelŵr''' ['ai̯lur], "cat" > '''aelŵroe''' [ai̯'luroi̯], "cats".
These two phoenomena have influenced heavily the stress system of Brythohellenic. Nowadays the stress steadily falls on the last but one syllable: this means that in the plural forms of nouns it shifts, ex.: '''thalas''' ['θalas], "sea" > '''thalasas''' [θa'lasas], "seas"; '''aelŵr''' ['ai̯lur], "cat" > '''aelŵroe''' [ai̯'luroi̯], "cats".
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===Nouns, gender and number===
===Nouns, gender and number===


Even if Ancient Greek had three genders and three numbers, the system simplified a lot and Modern Elynig has got two genders - '''masculine''' and '''feminine''' - and two numbers - '''singular''' and '''plural'''.
Even if Ancient Greek had three genders and three numbers, the system simplified a lot and Modern Elynik has got two genders - '''masculine''' and '''feminine''' - and two numbers - '''singular''' and '''plural'''.
It is hard to distinguish the gender of a noun, because there are not specific gender-linked endings: mostly nouns end with consonant regardless for the gender.
It is hard to distinguish the gender of a noun, because there are not specific gender-linked endings: mostly nouns end with consonant regardless for the gender.
Forming plural is not so complicated, as there are only three plural endings:
Forming plural is not so complicated, as there are only three plural endings:
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