Togarmite/Old/Gzarot: Difference between revisions

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Line 36: Line 36:
! nonpast
! nonpast
| ''ʔatȝā́m''
| ''ʔatȝā́m''
| ''tatȝā́m''
| ''θatȝā́m''
| ''tatȝā́mī''
| ''θatȝā́mī''
| ''yatȝā́m''
| ''yatȝā́m''
| ''yatȝā́mī''
| ''yatȝā́mī''
| ''natȝā́m''
| ''natȝā́m''
| ''tatȝā́mū''
| ''θatȝā́mū''
| ''tatȝámna''
| ''θatȝámna''
| ''yatȝā́mū''
| ''yatȝā́mū''
| ''yatȝámna''
| ''yatȝámna''
Line 48: Line 48:
! optative
! optative
| ''ʔatȝamánna''
| ''ʔatȝamánna''
| ''tatȝamáńna''
| ''θatȝamánna''
| ''tatȝamī́nna''
| ''θatȝamī́nna''
| ''yatȝamánna''
| ''yatȝamánna''
| ''yatȝamī́nna''
| ''yatȝamī́nna''
| ''natȝamánna''
| ''natȝamánna''
| ''tatȝamū́nna''
| ''θatȝamū́nna''
| ''tatȝamė́nna''
| ''θatȝamnánna''
| ''yatȝamū́nna''
| ''yatȝamū́nna''
| ''yatȝamė́nna''
| ''yatȝamnánna''
|-
|-
! jussive
! jussive
| ''ʔátȝam''
| ''ʔátȝam''
| ''tátȝam''
| ''θátȝam''
| ''tátȝamī''
| ''θátȝamī''
| ''yátȝam''
| ''yátȝam''
| ''yátȝamī''
| ''yátȝamī''
| ''nátȝam''
| ''nátȝam''
| ''tátȝamū''
| ''θátȝamū''
| ''tatȝámna''
| ''θatȝámna''
| ''yátȝamū''
| ''yátȝamū''
| ''yatȝámna''
| ''yatȝámna''

Revision as of 16:49, 23 August 2019

Gzarot (Hebrew, sg. gizra 'figure, form, pattern') in Togarmite are variations of an inflectional (especially verbal) paradigm that are determined by the choice of consonants in the consonantal root. Thus, a paradigm has not only a regular gizra but various irregular ones, which occur most commonly when

  • the consonantal root contains a "guttural" (ʔ ȝ h) or a semivowel (j w);
  • the consonantal root contains a n, since nC tends to assimilate into CC
  • the consonantal root has 2 letters.

2-ȝ

  • √t-ȝ-m 'to choose'

-ā/a- instead of -ō/u- before C3 in prefix conjugation

Binyan 1a

taȝam 'he chose'
→ Person
↓ Tense 		1sg 2sg.m 2sg.f 3sg.m 3sg.f 1pl 2pl.m 2pl.f 3pl.m 3pl.f
past taȝámθī taȝámθa taȝámθi taȝā́m taȝā́maθ taȝámnė taȝámθum taȝámθin taȝā́mū taȝā́mė
nonpast ʔatȝā́m θatȝā́m θatȝā́mī yatȝā́m yatȝā́mī natȝā́m θatȝā́mū θatȝámna yatȝā́mū yatȝámna
optative ʔatȝamánna θatȝamánna θatȝamī́nna yatȝamánna yatȝamī́nna natȝamánna θatȝamū́nna θatȝamnánna yatȝamū́nna yatȝamnánna
jussive ʔátȝam θátȝam θátȝamī yátȝam yátȝamī nátȝam θátȝamū θatȝámna yátȝamū yatȝámna
imperative - taȝā́m! taȝā́mī! - - - taȝā́mū! taȝā́mė! - -
active participle tėȝḗm
passive participle matȝū́m
verbal noun tiȝė́m

3-y

These verbs have 3sg.m past -ė from *-aya and -ē without gender/number affixes in the prefix conjugation, from *-iyu.

Binyan 1a

banė 'he built'
→ Person
↓ Tense 		1sg 2sg.m 2sg.f 3sg.m 3sg.f 1pl 2pl.m 2pl.f 3pl.m 3pl.f
past; conditional banáyθī banáyθa banáyθi banė́ banė́θ banáynė banáyθum banáyθin banū́ banė́
present ʔabėnḗ tabėnḗ tabėnī́ yabėnḗ yabėnī́ nabėnḗ tabėnū́ tabėnḗna yabėnū́ yabėnḗna
future ʔabnḗ tabnḗ tabnī́ yabnḗ yabnī́ nabnḗ tabnū́ tabnḗna yabnū́ yabnḗna
optative ʔabnénna tabnénna tabnī́nna yabnénna yabnī́nna nabnénna tabnū́nna tabnēnánna yabnū́nna yabnēnánna
jussive ʔábne tábne tábnī yábne yábnī nábne tábnū tabnḗna yábnū yabnḗna
imperative - bunḗ! bunī́! - - - bunū́! bunḗna! - -
active participle bėnḗ
passive participle mabnū́y
verbal noun binė́θ

3-w

These verbs have 3sg.m past -ō from *-awa and -ū without gender/number affixes in the prefix conjugation, from *-iwu.

Binyan 1a

manō 'he counted'
→ Person
↓ Tense 		1sg 2sg.m 2sg.f 3sg.m 3sg.f 1pl 2pl.m 2pl.f 3pl.m 3pl.f
past; conditional manawθī manawθa manawθi manō manōθ manawnė manawθum manawθin manū manė
nonpast ʔamnū tamnū tamnī yamnū yamnī namnū tamnū tamnė yamnū yamnė
optative ʔamnunna tamnunna tamnīnna yamnunna yamnīnna namnunna tamnūnna tamnėnna yamnūnna yamnėnna
jussive ʔamnu tamnu tamnī yamnu yamnī namnu tamnū tamnė yamnū yamnė
imperative - manū! manī! - - - manū! manė! - -
active participle mėnū
passive participle manū
verbal noun minėθ
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