Togarmite/Old/Gzarot: Difference between revisions

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==3-y==
==3-y==
These verbs have 3sg.m past ''-ė'' from ''*-aya'' and ''-ē'' without gender/number affixes in the prefix conjugation, from ''*-iyu''.
These verbs have 3sg.m past ''-ė'' from ''*-aya'' and ''-ē'' without gender/number affixes in the prefix conjugation, from ''*-iyu''.
===Binyan 1a===
===''faȝāl''===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
|+ ''banė'' 'he built'
|+ ''banė'' 'he built'
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style="" | 1sg
! style="" | 2sg.m
! style="" | 2sg.f
! style="" | 3sg.m
! style="" | 3sg.f
! style="" | 1pl
! style="" | 2pl.m
! style="" | 2pl.f
! style="" | 3pl.m
! style="" | 3pl.f
|-
! past; conditional
| ''banáyθī''
| ''banáyθa''
| ''banáyθi''
| ''banė́''
| ''banė́θ''
| ''banáynė''
| ''banáyθum''
| ''banáyθin''
| ''banū́''
| ''banė́''
|-
! present
| ''ʔabėnḗ''
| ''tabėnḗ''
| ''tabėnī́''
| ''yabėnḗ''
| ''yabėnī́''
| ''nabėnḗ''
| ''tabėnū́''
| ''tabėnḗna''
| ''yabėnū́''
| ''yabėnḗna''
|-
! future
| ''ʔabnḗ''
| ''tabnḗ''
| ''tabnī́''
| ''yabnḗ''
| ''yabnī́''
| ''nabnḗ''
| ''tabnū́''
| ''tabnḗna''
| ''yabnū́''
| ''yabnḗna''
|-
! optative
| ''ʔabnénna''
| ''tabnénna''
| ''tabnī́nna''
| ''yabnénna''
| ''yabnī́nna''
| ''nabnénna''
| ''tabnū́nna''
| ''tabnēnánna''
| ''yabnū́nna''
| ''yabnēnánna''
|-
! jussive
| ''ʔábne''
| ''tábne''
| ''tábnī''
| ''yábne''
| ''yábnī''
| ''nábne''
| ''tábnū''
| ''tabnḗna''
| ''yábnū''
| ''yabnḗna''
|-
! imperative
| ''-''
| ''bunḗ!''
| ''bunī́!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''bunū́!''
| ''bunḗna!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
|-
! active participle
|colspan=10| ''bėnḗ''
|-
! passive participle
|colspan=10| ''mabnū́y''
|-
! verbal noun
|colspan=10| ''binė́θ''
|}
===''nufȝāl''===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
|+ ''nubnė'' 'it was built'
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style="" | 1sg
! style="" | 1sg

Revision as of 16:51, 23 August 2019

Gzarot (Hebrew, sg. gizra 'figure, form, pattern') in Togarmite are variations of an inflectional (especially verbal) paradigm that are determined by the choice of consonants in the consonantal root. Thus, a paradigm has not only a regular gizra but various irregular ones, which occur most commonly when

  • the consonantal root contains a "guttural" (ʔ ȝ h) or a semivowel (j w);
  • the consonantal root contains a n, since nC tends to assimilate into CC
  • the consonantal root has 2 letters.

2-ȝ

  • √t-ȝ-m 'to choose'

-ā/a- instead of -ō/u- before C3 in prefix conjugation

Binyan 1a

taȝam 'he chose'
→ Person
↓ Tense 		1sg 2sg.m 2sg.f 3sg.m 3sg.f 1pl 2pl.m 2pl.f 3pl.m 3pl.f
past taȝámθī taȝámθa taȝámθi taȝā́m taȝā́maθ taȝámnė taȝámθum taȝámθin taȝā́mū taȝā́mė
present ʔatėȝā́m θatėȝā́m θatėȝā́mī yatėȝā́m yatėȝā́mī natėȝā́m θatėȝā́mū θatėȝámna yatėȝā́mū yatėȝámna
future ʔatȝā́m θatȝā́m θatȝā́mī yatȝā́m yatȝā́mī natȝā́m θatȝā́mū θatȝámna yatȝā́mū yatȝámna
optative ʔatȝamánna θatȝamánna θatȝamī́nna yatȝamánna yatȝamī́nna natȝamánna θatȝamū́nna θatȝamnánna yatȝamū́nna yatȝamnánna
jussive ʔátȝam θátȝam θátȝamī yátȝam yátȝamī nátȝam θátȝamū θatȝámna yátȝamū yatȝámna
imperative - taȝā́m! taȝā́mī! - - - taȝā́mū! taȝā́mė! - -
active participle tėȝḗm
passive participle matȝū́m
verbal noun tiȝė́m

3-y

These verbs have 3sg.m past -ė from *-aya and -ē without gender/number affixes in the prefix conjugation, from *-iyu.

faȝāl

banė 'he built'
→ Person
↓ Tense 		1sg 2sg.m 2sg.f 3sg.m 3sg.f 1pl 2pl.m 2pl.f 3pl.m 3pl.f
past; conditional banáyθī banáyθa banáyθi banė́ banė́θ banáynė banáyθum banáyθin banū́ banė́
present ʔabėnḗ tabėnḗ tabėnī́ yabėnḗ yabėnī́ nabėnḗ tabėnū́ tabėnḗna yabėnū́ yabėnḗna
future ʔabnḗ tabnḗ tabnī́ yabnḗ yabnī́ nabnḗ tabnū́ tabnḗna yabnū́ yabnḗna
optative ʔabnénna tabnénna tabnī́nna yabnénna yabnī́nna nabnénna tabnū́nna tabnēnánna yabnū́nna yabnēnánna
jussive ʔábne tábne tábnī yábne yábnī nábne tábnū tabnḗna yábnū yabnḗna
imperative - bunḗ! bunī́! - - - bunū́! bunḗna! - -
active participle bėnḗ
passive participle mabnū́y
verbal noun binė́θ

nufȝāl

nubnė 'it was built'
→ Person
↓ Tense 		1sg 2sg.m 2sg.f 3sg.m 3sg.f 1pl 2pl.m 2pl.f 3pl.m 3pl.f
past; conditional banáyθī banáyθa banáyθi banė́ banė́θ banáynė banáyθum banáyθin banū́ banė́
present ʔabėnḗ tabėnḗ tabėnī́ yabėnḗ yabėnī́ nabėnḗ tabėnū́ tabėnḗna yabėnū́ yabėnḗna
future ʔabnḗ tabnḗ tabnī́ yabnḗ yabnī́ nabnḗ tabnū́ tabnḗna yabnū́ yabnḗna
optative ʔabnénna tabnénna tabnī́nna yabnénna yabnī́nna nabnénna tabnū́nna tabnēnánna yabnū́nna yabnēnánna
jussive ʔábne tábne tábnī yábne yábnī nábne tábnū tabnḗna yábnū yabnḗna
imperative - bunḗ! bunī́! - - - bunū́! bunḗna! - -
active participle bėnḗ
passive participle mabnū́y
verbal noun binė́θ

3-w

These verbs have 3sg.m past -ō from *-awa and -ū without gender/number affixes in the prefix conjugation, from *-iwu.

Binyan 1a

manō 'he counted'
→ Person
↓ Tense 		1sg 2sg.m 2sg.f 3sg.m 3sg.f 1pl 2pl.m 2pl.f 3pl.m 3pl.f
past; conditional manawθī manawθa manawθi manō manōθ manawnė manawθum manawθin manū manė
nonpast ʔamnū tamnū tamnī yamnū yamnī namnū tamnū tamnė yamnū yamnė
optative ʔamnunna tamnunna tamnīnna yamnunna yamnīnna namnunna tamnūnna tamnėnna yamnūnna yamnėnna
jussive ʔamnu tamnu tamnī yamnu yamnī namnu tamnū tamnė yamnū yamnė
imperative - manū! manī! - - - manū! manė! - -
active participle mėnū
passive participle manū
verbal noun minėθ
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