Eadlan/Older draft: Difference between revisions
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Todo: Even and odd nouns | Todo: Even and odd nouns | ||
====Possessive markers==== | |||
Possessive markers have different forms depending on number and case. | |||
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*''c̦uoll'' = a house (nominative singular) | |||
*1s ''c̦uolul'' | |||
*2s ''c̦uoludh'' | |||
*3s ''c̦uolla'' (a); ''c̦uolli'' (i) | |||
*1d ''c̦uolujăv'' | |||
*2d ''c̦uolniv'' | |||
*3d ''c̦uoluv'' | |||
*1p ''c̦uoluģ'' | |||
*2p ''c̦uolni'' | |||
*3p ''c̦uolus'' | |||
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*''c̦uol'' = a house (genitive singular) | |||
*1s ''c̦uolăggăl'' | |||
*2s ''c̦uolăggădh'' | |||
*3s ''c̦uolăgg'' (a); ''c̦uoluy'' (i) | |||
*1d ''c̦uolăggăjăv'' | |||
*2d ''c̦uolăggăniv'' | |||
*3d ''c̦uolăggăv'' | |||
*1p ''c̦uolăggăģ'' | |||
*2p ''c̦uolăggni'' | |||
*3p ''c̦uolăggăs'' | |||
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*''c̦uolădd'' = two houses (nominative dual) [dual possessed forms don't depend on case] | |||
*1s ''c̦uolăddăl'' | |||
*2s ''c̦uolăddădh'' | |||
*3s ''c̦uolăddud'' (a); ''c̦uolădduģ'' (i) | |||
*1d ''c̦uolăddăjăv'' | |||
*2d ''c̦uolăddăniv'' | |||
*3d ''c̦uolăddăv'' | |||
*1p ''c̦uolăddăģ'' | |||
*2p ''c̦uolăddni'' | |||
*3p ''c̦uolăddăs'' | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
*''c̦uolădd'' = two houses (genitive singular) | |||
*1s ''c̦uolăgăl'' | |||
*2s ''c̦uolăgădh'' | |||
*3s ''c̦uollăgg'' (a); ''c̦uolluy'' (i) | |||
*1d ''c̦uolăgăjăv'' | |||
*2d ''c̦uolăgăniv'' | |||
*3d ''c̦uolăgăv'' | |||
*1p ''c̦uolăgăģ'' | |||
*2p ''c̦uolăgni'' | |||
*3p ''c̦uolăgăs'' | |||
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*''c̦uollu'' = houses (nom pl) | |||
*1s ''c̦uolul'' | |||
*2s ''c̦uoludh'' | |||
*3s ''c̦uollud'' (a); ''c̦uolluģ'' (i) | |||
*1d ''c̦uolugăjăv'' | |||
*2d ''c̦uolugăniv'' | |||
*3d ''c̦uolugăv'' | |||
*1p ''c̦uolugăģ'' | |||
*2p ''c̦uolugni'' | |||
*3p ''c̦uolugăs'' | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
*''c̦uoluk'' = houses (gen pl) | |||
*1s ''c̦uolugăl'' | |||
*2s ''c̦uolugădh'' | |||
*3s ''c̦uolugg'' (a); ''c̦uolluy'' (i) | |||
*1d ''c̦uolugăjăv'' | |||
*2d ''c̦uolugăniv'' | |||
*3d ''c̦uolugăv'' | |||
*1p ''c̦uolugăģ'' | |||
*2p ''c̦uolugni'' | |||
*3p ''c̦uolugăs'' | |||
{{col-end}} | |||
===Adjectives=== | ===Adjectives=== |
Revision as of 03:47, 20 April 2020
Older draft | |
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Năhtuovin | |
Created by | User:IlL |
Setting | Verse:AETHER |
Shalaic
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Netagin (Năhtuovin) is a Sami, Romanian and Polish-inspired Shalaic language. It is related to Shalaian but phonologically is less conservative.
Netagin has notably developed Uralic-style consonant gradation. It also has non-rhoticity as a historical sound change, a sprachbund feature it shares with Shalaian.
About
External history
This is the sixth reincarnation of Netagin (my past Hebrew-inspired conlangs).
I was getting bored of standard-fare Semitic and Celtic aesthetics, so I decided to try out a much more (Northern and Skolt) Sami aesthetic this time and see what sticks. I'm probably still going to take some aesthetic influence from Windermere and Skellan.
Internal history
Netagin, like its relative Shalaian, is also inspired by Hebrew and Philadelphia English but Netagin is more Judeo-Gaelic and ___-inspired than Shalaian.
Internal² history
Shalaian and Netagin belong to a common sprachbund. They are two different branches of the Shalaic family that convergently evolved to share the following features:
- Preglottalization
- A large vowel system but no front rounded vowels
- Historical non-rhoticity
- Verb-initial syntax
- Split-ergativity
Unlike Shalaian, Netagin is a "satem" language, i.e. labiovelars become plain velars and plain velars become palatalized.
Phonology
"Sami but more Judeo-Gaelic and Hebrew" or "Windermere but more Sami"
Vowels
/i ɨ u ɛ ɔ ə a iə uə eə oə ai əi əu/ i ĭ u e o ă a ie uo ea oa ai ăi ău
Proto-Netagin a ā i ī u ū ə + modal/stød -> a uo e/ea i/ie o/oa u/uo ĭ/ă
Consonants
- Nasals: m bm hm n dn hn /m pm m̥ː n tn n̥ː/
- Stops:
- p hp b hb /pʰ ʔpʰ p~b hp/
- t ht d hd /tʰ ʔtʰ t~d ht/
- ț hț d̦ hd̦ /tsʰ ʔtsʰ ts~dz hts/
- c̦ hc̦ ģ hģ /tʃʰ ʔtʃʰ tʃ~dʒ htʃ/
- ŧ hŧ đ hđ /tɬʰ ʔtɬʰ tɬ~dɮ htɬ/
- c hc g hg /kʰ ʔkʰ k~g hk/
- q hq /qʰ ʔqʰ/
- Other resonants:
- l ll hl /ʟ q χ/
- r rr hr /r tr r̥/
- y yy hy /j cː ç/
- w ww hw /w kw xwː/
- s ss ș șș ł łł h hh /s sː ʃ ʃː ɬ ɬː h xː/
Stress
Stress is always initial, except some derivational prefixes.
Morphology
Nouns
Netagin has singular, dual, and plural numbers. Grammatical gender is animate vs inanimate.
Todo: Even and odd nouns
Possessive markers
Possessive markers have different forms depending on number and case.
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Adjectives
animate:
- nominative: qoahđbi /qʰoəθːpi/, qoađbidd /qʰoəðbidːt/, qoađbun /qʰoəðbun/ <- PShal *qũdba, *qũdband, *qũdbaan
- genitive: qoađbăt /qʰoəðbət/, qoahđbinid /qʰoəθ:pinid/, qoahđbă /qʰoəθ:pə/ <- *qũdbat, *qũdband=igid, *qũdbii
inanimate
- nominative: qoahđb, qoađbădd, qoahđbu <- *qũdbu, *qũdbund, *qũdbaa
- genitive: qoađb, qoahđbinid, qoađbuk <- *qũdbuk, *qũdbund=igid, *qũdbaak
Pronouns
Independent pronouns
- 1s hweal
- 2s hwead
- 1d hweażab
- 2d hweanib
- 1p hweaż
- 2p hweani
Syntax
Lushootseed (predicate first)?
Myl las oszað, byddzal = Give me your hand, my love
Vocabulary
Shalaian as major loan source?