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{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
|name = Eurolatin | |name = Eurolatin | ||
|nativename = Eurolatinus (sermo) | |nativename = Eurolatinus (sermo)<br />Eurolatina (lingua) | ||
|pronunciation = | |pronunciation = ɛu̯rola'ti:nʊs]<br />[ɛu̯rola'ti:na | ||
|familycolor = Indo-European | |familycolor = Indo-European | ||
|fam2 = [[w:Italic_languages|Italic]] | |fam2 = [[w:Italic_languages|Italic]] | ||
|fam3 = [[w:Latino-Faliscan_languages|Latino-Faliscan]] | |fam3 = [[w:Latino-Faliscan_languages|Latino-Faliscan]] | ||
|fam4 = [[w:Latin_language|Latin]] | |fam4 = [[w:Latin_language|Latin]] | ||
| | |script1 = Latn | ||
| | |creator = User:Llyn | ||
}} | }} | ||
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Medical terms of European languages are mainly from Latin and Ancient Greek and so are many legal terms. Latin has also influenced German, Celtic languages, and, slightly also Scandinavian languages and Slavic languages. | Medical terms of European languages are mainly from Latin and Ancient Greek and so are many legal terms. Latin has also influenced German, Celtic languages, and, slightly also Scandinavian languages and Slavic languages. | ||
In any way Latin isn't a simple language (even if it is no harder than other modern inflected languages) and its crystallized grammatical norms have closed it off from other evolving European languages: they have prevented it from moving with the times. It is also because of this that Romanic languages have developed. | In any way Latin isn't a simple language (even if it is no harder than other modern inflected languages) and its crystallized grammatical norms have closed it off from other evolving European languages: they have prevented it from moving with the times. It is also because of this that Romanic languages have developed. | ||
Llais has thought to " | Llais has thought to "modernize" Classical Latin with grammatical and lexical features of modern European languages - not only from Romanic languages, but also from Germanic ones - to make it more "usable" and "simple". This Latin, anyway, is based mainly on Romanic languages, terms that comes from "Vulgar Latin" are thus preferred, ex.: | ||
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle" | {| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle" | ||
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===Alphabet=== | ===Alphabet=== | ||
Eurolatin alphabet has got | Eurolatin alphabet has got 26 letters: | ||
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle" | {| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|a | |a | ||
|[a | |[a] | ||
| | | - | ||
|- | |- | ||
|b | |b | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|e | |e | ||
|[ɛ] / [e | |[ɛ] / [e] | ||
| | | - | ||
|- | |- | ||
|f | |f | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|i | |i | ||
| | |[i] / [j] | ||
| | |at the beginning of words, when it is followed by a vowel, or between vowels it is pronounced [j] | ||
|- | |||
|j | |||
|[j] | |||
|it is used in place of Classical Latin ''i'' when it has got a semiconsonantic value | |||
|- | |- | ||
|k | |k | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|o | |o | ||
|[ɔ] / [o | |[ɔ] / [o] | ||
| | | - | ||
|- | |- | ||
|p | |p | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|u | |u | ||
| | |[u] / [w] | ||
| | |when it is followed by a vowel it is pronounced as [w] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|v | |v | ||
|[v] | |[v] | ||
| - | | - | ||
|- | |||
|w | |||
|[w] | |||
|it is used in foreign words and has the same phonetic value as in the foreign word | |||
|- | |- | ||
|x | |x | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|y | |y | ||
| | |[y] | ||
| | |it comes tipically in Greek loan words | ||
|- | |- | ||
|z | |z | ||
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The letters '''j''' and '''w''' occur in foreign words and loan words. They can be pronounced as in the original language or can be pronounced respectively as [j] and [v] / [ʊ]. | The letters '''j''' and '''w''' occur in foreign words and loan words. They can be pronounced as in the original language or can be pronounced respectively as [j] and [v] / [ʊ]. | ||
There are also three digraphs: '''ch''', '''ph''' and '''th'''. | There are also three digraphs: '''ch''', '''ph''' and '''th'''. | ||
===Consonantal phonemes=== | ===Consonantal phonemes=== | ||
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===Vocalic phonemes=== | ===Vocalic phonemes=== | ||
As Romanic languages have lost the distinction between long and short vowels, why should Eurolatin use it again? The length of a vowel can't vary the meaning of a word, that can be understood within a sentence. | |||
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle" | {| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle" | ||
! rowspan="2" colspan="1"|'''Phonemes''' | ! rowspan="2" colspan="1"|'''Phonemes''' | ||
! rowspan="1" colspan="2"|'''Short''' | ! rowspan="1" colspan="2"|'''Short''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!'''Front''' | !'''Front''' | ||
!'''Back''' | !'''Back''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!'''Closed''' | !'''Closed''' | ||
|i y | |||
|u | |||
|i | |||
|u | |||
|- | |- | ||
!''' | !'''Middle''' | ||
|e [ɛ] | |||
|o [ɔ] | |||
|e | |||
|o | |||
|- | |- | ||
!'''Open''' | !'''Open''' | ||
| rowspan="1" colspan="2"|a | | rowspan="1" colspan="2"|a [ɑ] | ||
|} | |} | ||
The different pronunciation of ''a'', ''e'', ''o'' doesn't change the meaning of the words: every speaker can pronounce these vowels more opened or more closed according to his/her habits. | |||
===Diphthongs and digraphs=== | ===Diphthongs and digraphs=== | ||
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Diphthongs formed by '''i''' + vowel and '''u''' + vowel are not considered true diphthongs, because when '''i''' and '''u''' precede a vowel are considered approximant consonants. | Diphthongs formed by '''i''' + vowel and '''u''' + vowel are not considered true diphthongs, because when '''i''' and '''u''' precede a vowel are considered approximant consonants. | ||
Eurolatin has got three digraphs: '''ch''' [x], '''ph''' [f], '''th''' [θ]. They are found in Greek loan words. | Eurolatin has got three digraphs: '''ch''' [x], '''ph''' [f], '''th''' [θ]. They are found in Greek loan words and can also be pronounced as [kʰ], [pʰ], and [tʰ] according speaker's habits. | ||
===Stress=== | ===Stress=== | ||
Stress position | Stress position follows generally the rules that were valid for Classical Latin, but, as the distinction between long and short vowels has been removed in Eurolatin, the accent has to be graphically signed in some cases, according to the following rules: | ||
* | * generally the stress falls on the last but one syllable; if this is the case, than the stress hasn't to be signed; | ||
* if the stress falls on the last syllable or of the last but two syllable, it has to be graphically signed. | |||
* | |||
Stress can never fall before of the last but two syllable. | |||
Some examples: | |||
* '''lupus''' (wolf) = '''LU'''-pus; | |||
* '''júvenis''' (young) = '''JÚ'''-ve-nis (''-vĕ-'' is short in Classical Latin); | |||
* '''amatus''' (beloved) = a-'''MA'''-tus (''-mā-'' is long in Classical Latin); | |||
* '''felicíssimus''' (happiest) = fe-li-'''CÍS'''-si-mus (''-sĭ-'' is short in Classical Latin). | |||
The stress is graphically signed also to signalize a hiatus, as in '''líus''' (of the) = '''LI'''-us, two syllables. | |||
==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!'''Gen.''' | !'''Gen.''' | ||
|rowspan="1" colspan="3"|'' | |rowspan="1" colspan="3"|''líus'' | ||
|'' | |''lorum'' | ||
|'' | |''larum'' | ||
|'' | |''lorum'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!'''Dat.''' | !'''Dat.''' | ||
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The article always precedes the noun which it is referred to. | The article always precedes the noun which it is referred to. | ||
The indefinite article doesn't exist, so it is simply omitted, ex.: '''homo''' can mean both ''man'' or ''a man''. With plural nouns it can be omitted or it can be used the plural of the numeral ''' | The indefinite article doesn't exist, so it is simply omitted, ex.: '''homo''' can mean both ''man'' or ''a man''. With plural nouns it can be omitted or it can be used the plural of the numeral '''unus, a, um''', ''one'', to mean "some, any", ex.: '''visne (una) crepitilla?''', ''do you want some crackers?'' (the neuter '''crepitillum''' means ''cracker''). | ||
The numerals are explained further. | The numerals are explained further. | ||
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[[Category:Languages]] | [[Category:Languages]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Languages]] |