Far East Semitic: Difference between revisions
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==== Derivation ==== | ==== Derivation ==== | ||
Derivations that correspond to binyanim in other Semitic languages are more concatenative: | Derivations that correspond to binyanim in other Semitic languages are more concatenative: | ||
*G-stem: xtab, xtob, | *G-stem: xtab, xtob, xtib | ||
*D-stem: kʰətʰab | *D-stem: kʰətʰab | ||
*N-stem: nə·xtab | *N-stem: nə·xtab | ||
Revision as of 22:39, 9 September 2021
Inspiration: Old Chinese, Heleasic, Akkadian, Amharic
Far East Semitic is one of the major branches of Semitic and literary languages of Lõis's Southeast Asia.
Family tree
- Proto-Far East Semitic (~ 500 AD)
- literally read Hmoob gib, possibly with tones? (greeting: Schlaub lag!)
- hyperconservative Far East Semitic
Far East Semitic is phonologically one of the more conservative branches of Semitic in Lõis, with different reflexes for almost all the consonants of Proto-Semitic.
Phonology
Consonants:
- p b t ṭ d k q g ħ ʕ -> p b t tʰ d k kʰ g x ɣ~ɢ
- m n l r w y -> m n l r w j
- θ θ̣ ð s ṣ z ś ṣ́ š x ɣ h -> θ θ ð s ts z~dz l̥ l̥~ts (from koineization) š qʰ q h
Vowels: i ɨ u e ə o a (a vs ā as in Proto-Tai?)
ɣašt, θian, l̥aθ, ərbaɣ, qhamš, šɨš, šbaɣ, šman, dɨšq, l̥əl
11: l̥əl had, 12: l̥əl θian, etc.
θina, l̥əθa, ərbɣa, qhəmša, šɨša, šbəɣa, šməna, dɨšqa, mə'a əlp 100,000: ləkš 100,00,000: kot
-> aws, xiam, hlaus, plaub, qhaab, sws, pha, hmam, dwg, hloj
Orthography
Far East Semitic is written with an abugida inspired aesthetically by Tai Lue.
Grammar
Far East Semitic is only vestigially triconsonantal.
Nouns
Far East Semitic has noun classifiers but no grammatical gender. Noun classifiers are also used as definite articles.
Verbs
As in English, Far East Semitic verbs are analytic with some vestigial ablaut; participial (with m-) and verbnoun (with t- and other grammaticalized noun derivations) forms are common, as in modern Aramaic dialects.
Derivation
Derivations that correspond to binyanim in other Semitic languages are more concatenative:
- G-stem: xtab, xtob, xtib
- D-stem: kʰətʰab
- N-stem: nə·xtab
- S-stem: šə·xtab
- t-stems: tə·xtab
the pa'al / pi'el distinction surfaces as initial clusters vs minor syllables
mə- prefix for derived nouns -> prenasalization in the quasi-Hmoob language
Some derivational VN patterns
- tə·xtib, tə·xtub
- kʰətʰib, kʰətʰub, kʰətʰāb
Inflection
particles for aspects like Wdm (mɨn for perfect tense etc)
bə xtib an = I write
min xtib an = I wrote
l̥aʔ xtib an = I will write