Modern Gallaecian mutation: Difference between revisions
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* Singular masculine nouns in the [[w:locative case|locative case]] after the definite article: ''{{term|torhedo|'''t'''orhedo}}'' → ''en '''d'''orheide''. | * Singular masculine nouns in the [[w:locative case|locative case]] after the definite article: ''{{term|torhedo|'''t'''orhedo}}'' → ''en '''d'''orheide''. | ||
* After singular possessive pronouns, that is, ''{{term|mo}}'' ‘my’, ''{{term|to}}'' ‘your’, and ''{{term|so}}'' ‘his/her/its’: ''{{term|queno|'''qu'''eno}}'' → ''mo '''gu'''eno'', ''{{term|pá|'''p'''á}}'' → ''to '''b'''á'', ''{{term|gaña|'''g'''aña}}'' → ''so '''h'''aña''. | * After singular possessive pronouns, that is, ''{{term|mo}}'' ‘my’, ''{{term|to}}'' ‘your’, and ''{{term|so}}'' ‘his/her/its’: ''{{term|queno|'''qu'''eno}}'' → ''mo '''gu'''eno'', ''{{term|pá|'''p'''á}}'' → ''to '''b'''á'', ''{{term|gaña|'''g'''aña}}'' → ''so '''h'''aña''. | ||
* After certain prepositions: | |||
:* ''{{term|á}}'': ''{{term|coiler|'''c'''oiler}}'' → ''á '''g'''oilere'' | |||
:* ''{{term|ame}}'': ''{{term|duro|'''d'''uro}}'' → ''ame '''z'''uro'' | |||
:* ''{{term|ane}}'': ''{{term|dor|'''d'''or}}'' → ''ane '''z'''ore'' | |||
:* ''{{term|are}}'': ''{{term|cortena|'''c'''ortena}}'' → ''are '''g'''ortenau'' | |||
:* ''{{term|atá}}'': ''{{term|temeila|'''t'''emeila}}'' → ''atá '''d'''emeile'' | |||
:* ''{{term|au}}'': ''{{term|quio|'''qu'''io}}'' → ''au '''gu'''io'' | |||
:* ''{{term|iso}}'': ''{{term|deilas|'''d'''eilas}}'' → ''iso '''z'''eilau'' | |||
:* ''{{term|neze}}'': ''{{term|Cornú|'''C'''ornú}}'' → ''neze '''G'''ornú'' | |||
:* ''{{term|quiña}}'': ''{{term|barno|'''b'''arno}}'' → ''quiña '''v'''arno'' | |||
:* ''{{term|tere}}'': ''{{term|Portugal|'''P'''ortugal}}'' → ''tere '''B'''ortugal'' | |||
:* ''{{term|tu}}'': ''{{term|Canada|'''C'''anada}}'' → ''tu '''G'''anade'' | |||
* In singular existential constructions: ''{{term|té|'''t'''é}}'' → ''Ta '''d'''é uba'' ‘There is tea here’ | |||
* After the numbers 2, 5, and 8: ''{{term|tomate|'''t'''omate}}'' → ''dau '''d'''omate'', ''{{term|quesso|'''qu'''esso}}'' → ''quenque '''gu'''esso'', ''{{term|polbo|'''p'''olbo}}'' → ''otu '''b'''olbo''. | |||
* After the negative particle ''{{term|ne}}'': ''{{term|cobruñe|'''c'''obruñe}}'' → ''Ne '''g'''obru'' ‘I don't want’ | |||
==Nasal mutation (''esloñaloscaso'')== | |||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
Revision as of 16:33, 4 December 2021
Modern Gallaecian features, as other Celtic languages, a word-initial consonantal mutation system. While there is some evidence that other Continental Celtic languages such as Gaulish might have evolved mutation,[1] it is impossible to ascertain whether Gallaecian would too.
Soft mutation (bucoscaso)
The so-called soft mutation affects plosive consonants.
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Environments
- Feminine nouns of either number in the direct case after the definite article: bea → em vea, terba → em derbas.
- Singular masculine nouns in the locative case after the definite article: torhedo → en dorheide.
- After singular possessive pronouns, that is, mo ‘my’, to ‘your’, and so ‘his/her/its’: queno → mo gueno, pá → to bá, gaña → so haña.
- After certain prepositions:
- In singular existential constructions: té → Ta dé uba ‘There is tea here’
- After the numbers 2, 5, and 8: tomate → dau domate, quesso → quenque guesso, polbo → otu bolbo.
- After the negative particle ne: cobruñe → Ne gobru ‘I don't want’
Nasal mutation (esloñaloscaso)
Notes
- ^ Gray, Louis H. (October 1944). "Mutation in Gaulish". Language. Linguistic Society of America. 20 (4): 223. doi:10.2307/410121. JSTOR 410121.
Sources
- Evans, Christian C. (2018). Calá Nuivaisá: Covezaso que reherensia [Modern Gallaecian: An Introduction and Reference] (PDF). ISBN 978-0-359-07664-2.
- Evans, Christian C. (April 2021). Lysimachiakis; Miacomet; Slorany (eds.). "Mutation in Modern Gallaecian" (PDF). Segments. r/conlangs (1, Phonology): 39–42.