Naeng/Diachronics: Difference between revisions

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m (IlL moved page Windermere/Diachronics to Naeng/Diachronics without leaving a redirect: The language should be called Naeng)
 
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*Preinitial vowel reduction, mostly to ă and i.
*Grimm's law: p t k > f th ch; b d g > p t k
*breathy vowel + p t k > breathy vowel + b d g
*breathy vowel + p t k > breathy vowel + b d g
*some vowels drop, creating consonant clusters
*some vowels drop, creating consonant clusters
*Behavior of laryngeals
**f was something unvoiced like /φ/ so the breathiness should move to the right in Windermere and yield a breathy vowel on the last syllable?
**H was something breathy and murmured voice so it affects a vowel directly adjacent to it, either to the left or right
**X becomes h, word-finally /x/
*Get final /b d g/ -- Georgian-ish consonant clusters?
**Pre-Grimm's law ''*pnürd'' > Pre-Windermere ''*pnürð'' > ''fnüd'' 'day'
**Pre-Grimm's law ''*anèrp'' > Windermere ''neab'' 'end'
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==Sandhi==
==Sandhi==
*th + fric -> fric + t
*th + fric -> fric + t
**ths -> st, as in sehf (go) -> *thsehf -> stehf (to drive) (Modern binsteaf (energy), sămteaf (to energize))
**ths -> st, as in sehf (go) -> *thsehf -> stehf (to drive) (Modern binsteaf (energy), sămteaf (to energize))
**thf -> thb, e.g. tăfi (laugh) -> *tifti -> tifti (mock) (Classical and Modern Wdm. dăfi, difti)
**thf -> ft, e.g. tăfi (laugh) -> *titfi -> tifti (mock)  
*rC, lC > Cr, Cl
*ps pt pn png > sp pr fn fng
*tp cp kp > tw tsw cw; breathy vowel + tp tsp kp > thw tsw chw
*ck kc cp pc sc ts > sc sc sp sp st st
-->
 
==Etymologies==
* *mpuʔ > Wdm. bü 'baby'
*cmath 'jaw' < *gmät
*thbam 'peace, calm' < *t- + *nbäm "quiet"
*ămuch 'full' < ʔmok
*thăpeal < tobel-s 'laurel' (from substrate)
*cliem "number" < *glim "collect" + -s
*chwep "light" < kweb
*tsoa < tsHo 'morning'
*ărăngeal 'terrible' < ʔi{{angbr|r}}ŋHel < *ʔiŋHel 'fear'
*fnüd < pnund 'day'
*neab < nemp-s 'end'

Latest revision as of 14:37, 24 January 2022

  • Preinitial vowel reduction, mostly to ă and i.
  • Grimm's law: p t k > f th ch; b d g > p t k
  • breathy vowel + p t k > breathy vowel + b d g
  • some vowels drop, creating consonant clusters
  • Behavior of laryngeals
    • f was something unvoiced like /φ/ so the breathiness should move to the right in Windermere and yield a breathy vowel on the last syllable?
    • H was something breathy and murmured voice so it affects a vowel directly adjacent to it, either to the left or right
    • X becomes h, word-finally /x/
  • Get final /b d g/ -- Georgian-ish consonant clusters?
    • Pre-Grimm's law *pnürd > Pre-Windermere *pnürð > fnüd 'day'
    • Pre-Grimm's law *anèrp > Windermere neab 'end'

Etymologies

  • *mpuʔ > Wdm. bü 'baby'
  • cmath 'jaw' < *gmät
  • thbam 'peace, calm' < *t- + *nbäm "quiet"
  • ămuch 'full' < ʔmok
  • thăpeal < tobel-s 'laurel' (from substrate)
  • cliem "number" < *glim "collect" + -s
  • chwep "light" < kweb
  • tsoa < tsHo 'morning'
  • ărăngeal 'terrible' < ʔirŋHel < *ʔiŋHel 'fear'
  • fnüd < pnund 'day'
  • neab < nemp-s 'end'