Verse:Hmøøh/Dodellian: Difference between revisions

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[[Dodellian/Lexicon]]


'''Dodellian''' (''dudiĺźä śmäsin'') is a Clofabo-Dodellic language spoken in Cuadhlabh along with [[Clofabosin]].
[[Dodellian/Swadesh list]]
 
{{Infobox language
|image =
|imagesize =
|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
|setting = [[Verse:Tricin]]
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|nativename = ''Dadäĺid lukśädın''
|pronunciation=/dɒdæʎid lukɕædən/
|region = Etalocin
|familycolor=Quihum
|fam1= [[Proto-Quihum|Quihum]]
|iso3=
|script=Dodellian script
|nation=Dodellia
|notice=IPA
}}
 
 
'''Dodellian''' (''Dadäĺid lukśädın'' /dɒdæʎid lukɕædən/, Clofabosin: ''dodelloluxedan'', ''dodelloserotin'' or ''dodellosin'') is a [[Quihum]] language and the official language of [[Verse:Tricin/Dodellia]]. It is the main source of loans in [[Clofabosin]].
<!--  
<!--  


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-->
-->
==Todo==
Numbers: roughly kämın, tirın, nıkśın, zabın, sarsın, stamın, rudın, ladın, bärvın, käźurın, ...?


==Introduction==
==Diachronics==
Consonants:


<!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? -->
satemize? c z > s z, k g > t́ d́, q ɢ > ʔ g?, kw gw > k g, σ ζ > ś ź


<!-- Example categories/headings:
alternatively:
*k g > ś ź
*kw gw > t' d'; k g
*q ɢ > k/ʔ g
*qw ɢw > k g
*ʔ > ʔ


Goals
vowels:
Setting
Inspiration


-->
<!-- ***Phonology*** -->
<!-- What sounds does your language use? -->
<!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:
Vowel inventory
Consonant inventory
Syllable structure
Stress
Intonation
-->
==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Orthography===
===Orthography===
===Consonants===
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;"
|+ '''{{PAGENAME}} consonants'''
! colspan="2" |
!  |Labial
!  |Alveolar
!  |Palatal
!  |Velar
!  |Glottal
|-
|-
! !! Labial !! Dental !! Alveo-palatal !! Velar !! Glottal
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
| '''ń''' /nʲ~ɲ/
|[ŋ]
|
|-
|-
| Voiceless stop || p /p/ || t /t/ || t́ /tʲ/ || c /k/ || ʔ /ʔ/
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
! |<small>voiceless</small>
| '''p''' /p/
| '''t''' /t/
| '''t́''' /tʲ~tɕ/
| '''k''' /k/
| '''ʔ''' /ʔ/
|-
|-
| Voiced stop || b /b/ || d /d/ || d́ /dʲ/ || g /g/
! |<small>voiced</small>
| '''b''' /b/
| '''d''' /d/
| '''d́''' /dʲ~dʑ/
| '''g''' /g/
|
|-
|-
| Nasal || m /m/ || n /n/ || ń /nʲ/ ||  
! rowspan="2" style="" |Fricative
! |<small>voiceless</small>
| '''f''' /f/
| '''s''' /s/
| '''ś''' /sʲ~ɕ/
|  
|  
|-
|-
| Voiceless fricative || f /f/ || s /s/ || ś /sʲ/ ||  
! |<small>voiced</small>
|'''v''' /v~ʋ/
| '''z''' /z/
| '''ź''' /zʲ~ʑ~j/
|  
|  
|-
|-
| Voiced fricative || v /v/ || z /z/ || ź /zʲ/ ||  
! colspan="2" |Lateral
|
| '''l''' /l/
| '''ĺ''' /lʲ~ʎ/
|  
|  
|-
|-
| Lateral approximant ||  || l /l/ || ĺ /lʲ/ ||
! colspan="2" |Flap
|-
|  
| Trill ||  || r /r/ || ||  
| '''r''' /ɾ/
|  
|  
|  
|}
|}
The palatal consonants cannot appear in initial position; palatal C + r is also disallowed.
===Vowels===
===Vowels===


{| class="wikitable"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
|-
|-
! Letter !! Sound
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |Front
! colspan="2" |Back
|-
|-
| a || /ɑ/
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>rounded</small>
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>rounded</small>
|-
|-
| ä || /æ/
! style="" |Close
| '''i''' /i/
| '''ü''' /y/
| '''ı''' /ɨ~ə/
| '''u''' /u/
|-
|-
| i || /i/
! style="" |Open
|-
| '''ä''' /æ/
| ı || /ɨ~ə/
|  
|-
| '''a''' /ɑ/
| u || /u/
|  
|-
| ü || /y/
|}
|}


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===Morphophonology===
===Morphophonology===
==Morphology==
==Morphology==
Dodellian lost much of [[Proto-Quihum]] inflectional morphology and in its place developed an Altaic-style system. This is similar to what happened in [[Sjowaazhéñ]].
===Nouns===
Plural suffix = ''-fın'', but it's optional and only common for animates
"and" = ''-üm'' (the source of Clofabosin ''-ium'')


{| class="wikitable"
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"
|-
|-
! d́ubzäsin 'drug' !! Singular !! Plural
! colspan="3"| '''''sirın'' - city'''
|-
|-
| Nominative || d́ubzäsin || d́ubzäsirin
!scope="row"|Nominative
|colspan="2"|''sirı'''n'''''
|-
|-
| Accusative || d́ubzäsnä || d́ubzäsirnä
!scope="row"|Accusative
|colspan="2"|''sir''
|-
|-
| Genitive || d́ubzäsnät || d́ubzäsirnät
!scope="row"|Genitive
|colspan="2"|''sir'''im'''''
|-
|-
| Locative || d́ubzäsivı || d́ubzäsirivı
!scope="row"|Dative
|colspan="2"|''sir'''ar'''''
|-
|-
| Lative || d́ubzäsum || d́ubzäsirum
!scope="row"|Locative
|colspan="2"|''sirı'''nt'''''
|-
|-
| Ablative || d́ubzäsund || d́ubzäsirund
!scope="row"|Instrumental
|-
|colspan="2"|''sir'''aśvir'''''
| Vocative || d́ubzäsi || d́ubzäsiri
|}
|}


Dodellian inflects verbs by tense, person, number, gender, animacy, aspect and mood.
{{col-break}}
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"
A sample conjugation paradigm (in the present indicative)
|-
 
! colspan="3"| '''''äfän'' - way, road, path'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! śmä- 'speak' !! Singular !! Plural
!scope="row"|Nominative
|colspan="2"|''äfä'''n'''''
|-
|-
| 1 || śmänuni || śmänunir
!scope="row"|Accusative
|colspan="2"|''äfä''
|-
|-
| 2 || śmänat || śmänatar
!scope="row"|Genitive
|colspan="2"|''äfäź'''im'''''
|-
|-
| 3 masc || śmänac || śmänur
!scope="row"|Dative
|colspan="2"|''äfäź'''ar'''''
|-
|-
| 3 fem || śmänav || śmänur
!scope="row"|Locative
|colspan="2"|''äfä'''nt'''''
|-
|-
| 3 inanimate || śmänu || śmänur
!scope="row"|Instrumental
|colspan="2"|''äfäź'''aśvir'''''
|}
|}


past indicative:
{{col-end}}
 
===Verbs===
declarative ''-am''
 
interrogative ''-ıkś''


{| class="wikitable"
conjunctive ''-äl''
|-
! śmä- 'speak' !! Singular !! Plural
|-
| 1 || śmäʔurni || śmäʔurnir
|-
| 2 || śmäʔrat || śmäʔratar
|-
| 3 masc || śmäʔrac || śmäʔrur
|-
| 3 fem || śmäʔrav || śmäʔrur
|-
| 3 inanimate || śmäʔru || śmäʔrur
|}


future indicative:
relative ''-ä''


{| class="wikitable"
negative ''ır-''
|-
! śmä- 'speak' !! Singular !! Plural
|-
| 1 || śmän śifun || śmän śifunir
|-
| 2 || śmän śifat || śmän śifatar
|-
| 3 masc || śmän śifac || śmän śifur
|-
| 3 fem || śmän śifav || śmän śifur
|-
| 3 inanimate || śmän śifu || śmän śifur
|}


timeless indicative:
===Numerals===


{| class="wikitable"
Numbers:
|-
0: vüzın<!--
! śmä- 'speak' !! Singular !! Plural
1: sumın
|-
2: laśın
| 1 || śmät́nini || śmät́ninir
3: tüvın
|-
4: prülın
| 2 || śmät́nät || śmät́nätar
5: aruzın
|-
6: räśvın
| 3 masc || śmät́näc || śmät́nür
7: faʔizın
|-
8: amśın
| 3 fem || śmät́näv || śmät́nür
9: üravın
|-
10: nävdın
| 3 inanimate || śmät́nü || śmät́nür
11: makśın
|}
12: pranın
-->


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
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==Examples==
==Examples==
śirın 'settlement'
''Büzın uĺiädüm bükśadid fańar ıkśaram.'' = 'I speak about love and hate'
 
''Äsnın büzinir bätıkś?'' (-ıkś = question marker)
 
sirın 'settlement'


Aśvın (a name)
Aśvın (a name)
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Patin (a name)
Patin (a name)
some words:
tükśätan, -asvir


==Other resources==
==Other resources==
Line 206: Line 270:


[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Hussmauch]]
[[Category:Tricin]]

Latest revision as of 15:31, 22 February 2022

Dodellian/Lexicon

Dodellian/Swadesh list

Hmøøh/Dodellian
Dadäĺid lukśädın
Pronunciation[/dɒdæʎid lukɕædən/]
Created byIlL
SettingVerse:Tricin
Quihum
  • Hmøøh/Dodellian
Official status
Official language in
Dodellia
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.


Dodellian (Dadäĺid lukśädın /dɒdæʎid lukɕædən/, Clofabosin: dodelloluxedan, dodelloserotin or dodellosin) is a Quihum language and the official language of Verse:Tricin/Dodellia. It is the main source of loans in Clofabosin.

Todo

Numbers: roughly kämın, tirın, nıkśın, zabın, sarsın, stamın, rudın, ladın, bärvın, käźurın, ...?

Diachronics

Consonants:

satemize? c z > s z, k g > t́ d́, q ɢ > ʔ g?, kw gw > k g, σ ζ > ś ź

alternatively:

  • k g > ś ź
  • kw gw > t' d'; k g
  • q ɢ > k/ʔ g
  • qw ɢw > k g
  • ʔ > ʔ

vowels:

Phonology

Orthography

Consonants

Hmøøh/Dodellian consonants
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ ń /nʲ~ɲ/ [ŋ]
Plosive voiceless p /p/ t /t/ t́ /tʲ~tɕ/ k /k/ ʔ /ʔ/
voiced b /b/ d /d/ d́ /dʲ~dʑ/ g /g/
Fricative voiceless f /f/ s /s/ ś /sʲ~ɕ/
voiced v /v~ʋ/ z /z/ ź /zʲ~ʑ~j/
Lateral l /l/ ĺ /lʲ~ʎ/
Flap r /ɾ/

The palatal consonants cannot appear in initial position; palatal C + r is also disallowed.

Vowels

Front Back
unrounded rounded unrounded rounded
Close i /i/ ü /y/ ı /ɨ~ə/ u /u/
Open ä /æ/ a /ɑ/

Old Dodellian also had the vowels ė, e, o, ö pronounced /e, ə, o, ø/ but these merged with i, ı, u, ü in the modern language.

Unlike the western dialects, Standard Dodellian lacks vowel harmony.

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Dodellian lost much of Proto-Quihum inflectional morphology and in its place developed an Altaic-style system. This is similar to what happened in Sjowaazhéñ.

Nouns

Plural suffix = -fın, but it's optional and only common for animates

"and" = -üm (the source of Clofabosin -ium)

sirın - city
Nominative sirın
Accusative sir
Genitive sirim
Dative sirar
Locative sirınt
Instrumental siraśvir

äfän - way, road, path
Nominative äfän
Accusative äfä
Genitive äfäźim
Dative äfäźar
Locative äfänt
Instrumental äfäźaśvir


Verbs

declarative -am

interrogative -ıkś

conjunctive -äl

relative -ä

negative ır-

Numerals

Numbers: 0: vüzın

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Examples

Büzın uĺiädüm bükśadid fańar ıkśaram. = 'I speak about love and hate'

Äsnın büzinir bätıkś? (-ıkś = question marker)

sirın 'settlement'

Aśvın (a name)

Fitun (a name)

Patin (a name)

Other resources

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