Hawari language: Difference between revisions

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| nativename = Zimâna Ħāwārî<br/>زۀماٚنا حەٙوەٙری<br/>
| nativename = Zimâna Ħāwārî<br/>زۀماٚنا حەٙوەٙری<br/>
[[File:ZimanaHawari(Tongtsehayi).png|35px|frameless|center]]
[[File:ZimanaHawari(Tongtsehayi).png|35px|frameless|center]]
| pronunciation = {{zɯ.ˈmɑː.na ˈħæ.wæˑ.riˑ|}}
| pronunciation = zɯ.ˈmɑː.na ˈħæ.wæˑ.riˑ
| creator = MansenBk
| creator = User:MansenBk
| states = no specific
| states = no specific
| ethnicity = no specific
| ethnicity = no specific
Line 21: Line 21:
| stand4 = [[Ruzhevayi]]
| stand4 = [[Ruzhevayi]]
| stand5 = [[Ruzhoavi]]
| stand5 = [[Ruzhoavi]]
| map = Bāyrâẍa Ħāwārømân.png
| map = Bāyrâẍa Nûyîya Ħāwārømân.png
|mapcaption = The Hawari flag
|mapcaption = The Hawari flag
| script = [[Latin script]], [[Arabic script]]}}
| script = [[Latin script]], [[Arabic script]], [[Tongtsehayi]], [[Basitki]]}}
'''Hawari''', natively '''Ħāwārî''' (IPA:  {hə'wʌɹɪ}, {ˈħæwæˑriˑ}), sometimes also spelled '''Hwari''', is an a posteriori constructed auxillary language in the [[Northwestern Iranian languages|Northwestern Iranian group]] of the [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European family]]. Speakers of the language are called [[Hawars]]. The total number of Hawari-speakers is 1.
'''Hawari''', natively '''Ħāwārî''' (IPA:  {hə'wʌɹɪ}, {ˈħæwæˑriˑ}), sometimes also spelled '''Hwari''', is an a posteriori constructed auxillary language in the [[Northwestern Iranian languages|Northwestern Iranian group]] of the [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European family]]. Speakers of the language are called [[Hawars]]. The total number of Hawari-speakers is 1.


Hawari belongs to the Hawaric Northwestern Iranian group of the [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]] branch.
Hawari belongs to the Hawaric Northwestern Iranian group of the [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]] branch.


==Phonology and Orthography==
==Phonology and Orthography<br/>Fonoloj û Ậrtoǧraf<br/>فۆنۆلۆژ ئۉ ئاٚ‌ْرتۆغراف==


===Alphabets and Pronounciation===
===Alphabets and Pronounciation===


{| class="wikitable" border="1"
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3"|
! rowspan="2"|
! colspan="4" align="center" |The most important scripts with IPA
! colspan="2" align="center" |The Latin Hawari Alphabet
! rowspan="3" |Sound type
! colspan="1" align="center" |Conscripts
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" |Latin
! Letter
! rowspan="2" |IPA
! IPA
! rowspan="2" |Arabic
! rowspan="2" |Tongtsehayi
|-
|-
!Latin
| '''(1)''' || A a || a
!double*
|-
|-
| '''(1)''' || A a || - || a || ا || v || [[File:Hawari A.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(2)''' || Á á || aː
|-
|-
| '''(2)''' || Ã ã || - || ã || اࣸ || v || [[File:Hawari Ã.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(3)''' || Ȧ ȧ || a, turns to ɛ after declension
|-
|-
| '''(3)''' || Ȧ ȧ || - || a / ɛ (f) || ا࣪ || v || [[File:Hawari Ȧ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(4)''' || Å å || a, vanishes after declension
|-
|-
| '''(4)''' || Å å || - || a / - (f) || ا࣫ || v || [[File:Hawari Å.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(5)''' || Ã ã || ã
|-
|-
| '''(5)''' || Â â || - || ɑ/ˑ/ː || اٚ || v || [[File:Hawari Â.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(6)''' || Â â || ɒ
|-
|-
| '''(6)''' || Ậ ậ || - || ɔ || اٚ࣪ || v || [[File:Hawari Ậ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(7)''' || Ẫ ẫ || ɒ̃
|-
|-
| '''(7)''' || Ẫ ẫ || - || ɔ̃ || اࣷ || v || [[File:Hawari Ẫ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(8)''' || Ậ ậ || ɔ
|-
|-
| '''(8)''' || Ā ā || - || æ/ˑ || ەٙ || v || [[File:Hawari Ā.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(9)''' || Ā ā || æ
|-
|-
| '''(9)''' || Ä ä || - || æː || ەٙٙ || v || [[File:Hawari Ä.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(10)''' || Ä ä || æː
|-
|-
| '''(10)''' || Ă ă || Ăă ăă || ɐ̯ || اٛ || s || [[File:Hawari Ă.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(11)''' || Ă ă || ɐ̯
|-
|-
| '''(11)''' || B b || Bb bb || b || ب || c ||
| '''(12)''' || B b || b
[[File:Hawari B.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(12)''' || Bʰ bʰ || Bh bh || bʱ || ٻ || c || [[File:Hawari Bʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(13)''' || C c || d͡ʒ
|-
|-
| '''(13)''' || C c || Cj cj || d͡ʒ || ج || c ||
| '''(14)''' || Ç ç || t͡ʃ
[[File:Hawari C.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(14)''' || Cʰ cʰ || Ch ch || d͡ʒʱ || ڃ || c || [[File:Hawari Cʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(15)''' || D d || d
|-
|-
| '''(15)''' || Ç ç || Çş çş ||t͡ʃ || چ || c ||
| '''(16)''' || Đ đ || ð
[[File:Hawari Ç.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(16)''' || Çʰ çʰ || Çh çh || t͡ʃʰ || ڇ || c || [[File:Hawari Çʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(17)''' || Ḍ ḍ || dˤ
|-
|-
| '''(17)''' || Č č || - || .ʃt / ʃt. || ڄ || c ||
| '''(18)''' || Ḋ ḋ || ɖ
[[File:Hawari Č.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(18)''' || Ć ć || - || .st / st. || ڜ || c || [[File:Hawari Ć.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(19)''' || Ḑ ḑ || d͡ʑ
|-
|-
| '''(19)''' || D d || Ḓ ḓ || d || د || c ||
| '''(20)''' || E e || ɛ
[[File:Hawari D.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(20)''' || Dʰ dʰ || Dh dh || dʱ || ڌ || c || [[File:Hawari Dʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(21)''' || Ė ė || ɛ, vanishes after declension
|-
|-
| '''(21)''' || Ḓ ḓ || - || dˑ || دّ || c || [[File:Hawari Ḓ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(22)''' || Ē ē || ɛː
|-
|-
| '''(22)''' || Đ đ || Ðđ đđ || ð || ذ || c || [[File:Hawari Đ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(23)''' || Ẽ ẽ || ɛ̃
|-
|-
| '''(23)''' || Đʰ đʰ || Đh đh || ðʰ || ڍ || c || [[File:Hawari Đʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(24)''' || Ê ê || e
|-
|-
| '''(24)''' || Ď ď || Dđ dđ || d͡ð || دٚ || c ||
| '''(25)''' || Ễ ễ || ẽ
[[File:Hawari Ď.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(25)''' || Ḍ ḍ || Ḍḍ ḍḍ || dˤ || ڊ / ض || c || [[File:Hawari Ḍ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(26)''' || Ë ë || ə̃
|-
|-
| '''(26)''' || Ḋ ḋ || Ḋḋ ḋḋ || ɖ || ډ || c || [[File:Hawari Ḋ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(27)''' || F f || f
|-
|-
| '''(27)''' || Ḑ ḑ || Dĵ dĵ || d͡ʑ || دٛ || c || [[File:Hawari Ḑ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(28)''' || G g || ɡ
|-
|-
| '''(28)''' || E e || - || ɛ/ˑ/ː || ە || v || [[File:Hawari E.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(29)''' || Ĝ ĝ || ɦ̬
|-
|-
| '''(29)''' || Ė ė || - || ɛ / - (f) || ە࣪ || v || [[File:Hawari Ė.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(30)''' || Ǧ ǧ || ɣ
|-
|-
| '''(30)''' || Ẽ ẽ || - || ẽ || ەࣷ || v || [[File:Hawari Ẽ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(31)''' || Ģ ģ || ɟ
|-
|-
| '''(31)''' || Ê ê || - || e/ˑ/ː || ێ || v || [[File:Hawari Ê.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(32)''' || H h || h, turns to j after declension
|-
|-
| '''(32)''' || Ễ ễ || - || ẽ || یࣸ || v || [[File:Hawari Ễ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(33)''' || Ḧ ḧ || h
|-
|-
| '''(33)''' || Ë ë || - || ɯ̃ || ەࣸ || v || [[File:Hawari Ë.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(34)''' || Ĥ ĥ || ɦ
|-
|-
| '''(34)''' || -eh || - || ɛˑh / ɛj (f) / ɛt (f) || ے || i || [[File:Hawari Eh.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(35)''' || Ħ ħ || ħ
|-
|-
| '''(35)''' || -êh || - || eˑh / ej (f) / et (f) || ےٛ || i || [[File:Hawari Êh.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(36)''' || ᴴ ʰ || ʰ
|-
|-
| '''(36)''' || F f || Ff ff || f || ف || c || [[File:Hawari F.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(37)''' || I i || ə
|-
|-
| '''(37)''' || Fʰ fʰ || Fh fh ||fʰ || فٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Fʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(38)''' || Į į || ə, vanishes after declension
|-
|-
| '''(38)''' || G g || Gg gg || g || گ || c || [[File:Hawari G.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(39)''' || Î î || i
|-
|-
| '''(39)''' || Gʰ gʰ || Gh gh || gʱ || گٛ || c || [[File:Hawari Gʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(40)''' || Ī ī || iː
|-
|-
| '''(40)''' || Ĝ ĝ || Ĝ ĝ || ʁ̬ || ڠ || c || [[File:Hawari Ĝ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(41)''' || Ĩ ĩ || ĩ
|-
|-
| '''(41)''' || Ǧ ǧ || Ǧǧ ǧǧ || ɣ || غ || c || [[File:Hawari Ǧ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(42)''' || J j || ʒ
|-
|-
| '''(42)''' || Ģ ģ || Gĵ gĵ ||ɟ || گٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Ģ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(43)''' || Ĵ ĵ || ʑ
|-
|-
| '''(43)''' || H h || Hh hh || h / j (f) / t (f) || ھ || i || [[File:Hawari H.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(44)''' || ᴶ ʲ || −, turns to ' after declension
|-
|-
| '''(44)''' || Hʰ hʰ || Hhʰ hhʰ || ɦ || ھٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Hʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(45)''' || K k || k
|-
|-
| '''(45)''' || Ḧ ḧ || Ḧḧ ḧḧ || h || ھْ || c || [[File:Hawari Ḧ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(46)''' || Ǩ ǩ || q͡x
|-
|-
| '''(46)''' || Ĥ ĥ || Ĥĥ ĥĥ || χ̬ || ھٛ || c || [[File:Hawari Ĥ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(47)''' || Ķ ķ || c̠
|-
|-
| '''(47)''' || Ħ ħ || Ħħ ħħ || ħ || ح || c || [[File:Hawari Ħ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(48)''' || L l || l
|-
|-
| '''(48)''' || I i || - || ə/ˑ/ː || ۀ || v || [[File:Hawari I.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(49)''' || Ĺ ĺ || ɫ
|-
|-
| '''(49)''' || Į į || - || ɯ / - (f) || ۀٚ࣪ || c || [[File:Hawari Į.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(50)''' || Ł ł || ʎ
|-
|-
| '''(50)''' || Ǐ ǐ || Ǐy ǐy || ɯ(ˑ)j || ۀی || s || [[File:Hawari Ǐ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(51)''' || Ļ ļ || ɭ
|-
|-
| '''(51)''' || Î î || - || i/ˑ || ی || v || [[File:Hawari Î.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(52)''' || Ḽ ḽ || l̩
|-
|-
| '''(52)''' || Ī ī || - || iː || یٙٙ || v || [[File:Hawari Ī.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(53)''' || Ľ ľ || ɫ̩
|-
|-
| '''(53)''' || Ï ï || Ïy ïy || ɪ(ˑ)j || یٙ || s || [[File:Hawari Ï.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(54)''' || M m || m
|-
|-
| '''(54)''' || Îy îy || Îyy îyy || i(ˑ)j || ؽ || s || [[File:Hawari Îy.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(55)''' || Ṁ ṁ || m̩
|-
|-
| '''(55)''' || J j || Jj jj || ʒ || ژ || c || [[File:Hawari J.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(56)''' || N n || n
|-
|-
| '''(56)''' || Jʰ jʰ || Jh jh ||ʒʱ || ڙ || c || [[File:Hawari Jʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(57)''' || Ń ń || ɲ
|-
|-
| '''(57)''' || ᴶ ʲ || - || - || ٖ || c || [[File:Hawari ᴶ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(58)''' || Ň ň || ŋ
|-
|-
| '''(58)''' || Ĵ ĵ || Ĵĵ ĵĵ || ʑ || ږ || c || [[File:Hawari Ĵ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(59)''' || Ŋ ŋ || ŋ, turns to ŋg after declension but letter remains
|-
|-
| '''(59)''' || K k || Kk kk || k || ک || c || [[File:Hawari K.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(60)''' || Ṇ ṇ || ɴ
|-
|-
| '''(60)''' || Kʰ kʰ || Kh kh || kʰ || ڪ || c || [[File:Hawari Kʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(61)''' || Ṅ ṅ || ɳ
|-
|-
| '''(61)''' || Ǩ ǩ || Qx qx / Kx kx || q͡x / k͡x (d) || ڳ || c || [[File:Hawari Ǩ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(62)''' || Ņ ņ || n̩
|-
|-
| '''(62)''' || Ķ ķ || Ks ks || .ks / ks. || ګ || c || [[File:Hawari Ķ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(63)''' || O o || o
|-
|-
| '''(63)''' || Ḳ ḳ || Kŝ kŝ || c || کٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Ḳ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(64)''' || Ȯ ȯ || o
|-
|-
| '''(64)''' || L l || Ll ll || l || ل || c || [[File:Hawari L.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(65)''' || Ō ō || oː
|-
|-
| '''(65)''' || Lʰ lʰ || Lh lh || lʰ || ࢦ || c || [[File:Hawari Lʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(66)''' || Ö ö || œ
|-
|-
| '''(66)''' || Ĺ ĺ || Ĺĺ ĺĺ || ɫ || ڵ || c || [[File:Hawari Ĺ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(67)''' || Ø ø || ø
|-
|-
| '''(67)''' || Ł ł || Ły ły || ʎ || ݪ || c || [[File:Hawari Ł.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(68)''' || Ǫ ǫ || ɜʊ̯
|-
|-
| '''(68)''' || Ļ ļ || Ļ ļ || ɭ || ڶ || c || [[File:Hawari Ļ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(69)''' || P p || p
|-
|-
| '''(69)''' || Ḽ ḽ || - || ɫ̩ / ɯ̆ɫ (d) || ڵْ || m || [[File:Hawari Ḽ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(70)''' || Q q || q
|-
|-
| '''(70)''' || Ľ ľ || - || l̩ || لْ || m || [[File:Hawari Ľ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(71)''' || R r || r
|-
|-
| '''(71)''' || M m || Mm mm || m || م || c ||
| '''(72)''' || Ř ř || ɹ
[[File:Hawari M.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(72)''' || Mʰ mʰ || Mh mh || mʰ || مٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Mʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(73)''' || Ŕ ŕ || ɽ
|-
|-
| '''(73)''' || Ḿ ḿ || Ḿy ḿy || mʲ || مِ || c || [[File:Hawari Ḿ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(74)''' || Ŗ ŗ || r̩
|-
|-
| '''(74)''' || N n || Ṋ ṋ || n || ن || c || [[File:Hawari N.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(75)''' || Ṛ ṛ || ɹ̩
|-
|-
| '''(75)''' || Nʰ nʰ || Nh nh || nʱ || ڹ || c || [[File:Hawari Nʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(76)''' || S s || s
|-
|-
| '''(76)''' || Ń ń || Ńy ńy || ɲ || ڼ || c || [[File:Hawari Ń.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(77)''' || Ş ş || ʃ
|-
|-
| '''(77)''' || Ň ň || Ňň ňň || ŋ || ݩ || c || [[File:Hawari Ň.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(78)''' || Ṣ ṣ || sˤ
|-
|-
| '''(78)''' || Ŋ ŋ || Ňŋ ňŋ || ŋ (fin) / ŋg (int, med) || ݩْ || c || [[File:Hawari Ŋ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(79)''' || Ṡ ṡ || ʂ
|-
|-
| '''(79)''' || Ṋ ṋ || nˑ || نّ || c || [[File:Hawari Ṋ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(80)''' || Ŝ ŝ || ç
|-
|-
| '''(80)''' || Ṇ ṇ || Ṇ ṇ || ɴ || نࣷ || c || [[File:Hawari Ṇ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(81)''' || T t || t
|-
|-
| '''(81)''' || Ṅ ṅ || Ṅ ṅ || ɳ || نࣸ || c || [[File:Hawari Ṅ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(82)''' || Ṯ ṯ || θ
|-
|-
| '''(82)''' || Ņ ņ || - || n̩ || نْ || m || [[File:Hawari Ņ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(83)''' || Ṭ ṭ || tˤ
|-
|-
| '''(83)''' || O o || - || o/ˑ || ۆ || v || [[File:Hawari O.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(84)''' || Ṫ ṫ || ʈ
|-
|-
| '''(84)''' || Ō ō || - || oː || ۆٙ || v || [[File:Hawari Ō.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(85)''' || Ț ț || t͡ɕ
|-
|-
| '''(85)''' || Ȯ ȯ || - || o / - (f) || ۆ࣪ || v || [[File:Hawari Ȯ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(86)''' || ᵀ ᵗ || h
|-
|-
| '''(86)''' || Õ õ || - || õ || وࣸ || v || [[File:Hawari Õ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(87)''' || U u || u
|-
|-
| '''(87)''' || Ô ô || Ôw ôw || ɔw || ۈ || s || [[File:Hawari Ô.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(88)''' || Û û || uː
|-
|-
| '''(88)''' || Ö ö || - || œ || ۏ || v || [[File:Hawari Ö.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(89)''' || Ũ ũ || ũ
|-
|-
| '''(89)''' || Ø ø || - || ø || ۋ || v || [[File:Hawari Ø.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(90)''' || Ǔ ǔ || ɯ
|-
|-
| '''(90)''' || Ǫ ǫ || Ǫw ǫw || əʊ̯ || وࣺ || s || [[File:Hawari Ǫ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(91)''' || Ü ü || y
|-
|-
| '''(91)''' || P p || Pp pp || p || پ || c || [[File:Hawari P.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(92)''' || Ů ů || v, turns to f after declension but letter remains
|-
|-
| '''(92)''' || Pʰ pʰ || Ph ph || pʰ || ڀ || c || [[File:Hawari Pʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(93)''' || V v || v
|-
|-
| '''(93)''' || Q q || Qq qq || q || ق || c || [[File:Hawari Q.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(94)''' || W w || w
|-
|-
| '''(94)''' || R r || Rr rr || r || ر || c || [[File:Hawari R.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(95)''' || Ŵ ŵ || ɸ
|-
|-
| '''(95)''' || Rr rr || Rrr rrr || r || ڕ || c || [[File:Hawari Rr.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(96)''' || Ẃ ẃ || əw
|-
|-
| '''(96)''' || Rʰ rʰ || Rh rh || ɾʰ || رٛ || c || [[File:Hawari Rʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(97)''' || Ẁ ẁ || ew
|-
|-
| '''(97)''' || Ř ř || Řř řř || ɹ || ڒ || c || [[File:Hawari Ř.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(98)''' || Ẇ ẇ || v̩
|-
|-
| '''(98)''' || Řʰ řʰ || Řh řh || ɹʱ || رࣸ || c || [[File:Hawari Řʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(99)''' || ᵂ ʷ || ʷ
|-
|-
| '''(99)''' || Ŕ ŕ || Řŕ řŕ || ɽ / ʀ || ړ || c || [[File:Hawari Ŕ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(100)''' || X x || x
|-
|-
| '''(100)''' || Ŗ ŗ || Ŗr ŗr || r̩ || رْ || m || [[File:Hawari Ŗ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(101)''' || Ẍ ẍ || x, turns to ɣ after declension but letter remains
|-
|-
| '''(101)''' || Ṛ ṛ || Ṛř ṛř || ɹ̩ || ڒ࣪ || m || [[File:Hawari Ṛ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(102)''' || Ẋ ẋ || ks
|-
|-
| '''(102)''' || S s || Ss ss || s || س || c || [[File:Hawari S.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(103)''' || Y y || j
|-
|-
| '''(103)''' || Sʰ sʰ || Sh sh || sʰ || ښ || c || [[File:Hawari Sʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(104)''' || ʸ || ʲ
|-
|-
| '''(104)''' || Ş ş || Şş şş ||ʃ || ش || c || [[File:Hawari Ş.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(105)''' || Z z || z
|-
|-
| '''(105)''' || Şʰ şʰ || Şh şh ||  ʃʰ || ݜ || c || [[File:Hawari Şʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(106)''' || Ż ż || t͡s
|-
|-
| '''(106)''' || Ṣ ṣ || Ṣṣ ṣṣ || sˤ || ص || c || [[File:Hawari Ṣ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(107)''' || Ẓ ẓ || ðˤ
|-
|-
| '''(107)''' || Ṡ ṡ || Ṡṡ ṡṡ || ʂ || سٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Ṡ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(108)''' || Ž ž || d͡z
|-
|-
| '''(108)''' || Ŝ ŝ || Ŝŝ ŝŝ || ç || ݾ || c || [[File:Hawari Ŝ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(109)''' || Ẑ ẑ || ʐ
|-
|-
| '''(109)''' || Š š || Şç şç || ʃt͡ʃ. / .ʃt͡ʃ || ڛ || c || [[File:Hawari Š.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(110)''' || ʔ ɂ || ʔ
|-
|-
| '''(110)''' || T t || Ť ť || t || ت || c || [[File:Hawari T.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(111)''' || ʿ || ʕ
|}
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3"|
! colspan="5" align="center" |The most important scripts with IPA
! rowspan="3" |Sound type
! colspan="1" align="center" |Conscripts
|-
|-
| '''(111)''' || Ť ť || Ťt ťt || tˑ (l) || تّ || c || [[File:Hawari Ť.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! colspan="2" align="center" |Latin
! rowspan="2" |IPA
! rowspan="2" |IPA (also allowed to use)
! rowspan="2" |Arabic
! rowspan="2" |Tongtsehayi
|-
|-
| '''(112)''' || Tʰ tʰ || Th th || tʰ || ٿ || c || [[File:Hawari Tʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
!Latin
!double*
|-
|-
| '''(113)''' || Ṯ ṯ || Ṯṯ ṯṯ || θ || ث || c || [[File:Hawari Ṯ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(1)''' || A a || - || a/ˑ/ː || || ا || v || [[File:Hawari A.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(114)''' || Ṭ ṭ || Ṭṭ ṭṭ || tˤ || ط || c || [[File:Hawari Ṭ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(2)''' || Ã ã || - || ã || || اࣸ || v || [[File:Hawari Ã.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(115)''' || Ṫ ṫ || Ṫṫ ṫṫ || ʈ || ټ || c || [[File:Hawari Ṫ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(3)''' || Ȧ ȧ || - || a / ɛ (f) ||  || ا࣪ || v || [[File:Hawari Ȧ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(116)''' || ᵀ ᵗ || - || h (fin) / - (fin, d) / t (med) || ة || c || [[File:Hawari ᵀ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(4)''' || Å å || - || a / - (f) || || ا࣫ || v || [[File:Hawari Å.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(117)''' || Ț ț || Tŝ tŝ || t͡ɕ || تٛ || c || [[File:Hawari Ț.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(5)''' || Â â || - || ɒ/ˑ/ː || || اٚ || v || [[File:Hawari Â.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(118)''' || U u || - || u || و || v || [[File:Hawari U.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(6)''' || Ậ ậ || - || ɔ || || اٚ࣪ || v || [[File:Hawari Ậ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(119)''' || Û û || - || uˑ/ː || ۉ || v || [[File:Hawari Û.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(7)''' || Ẫ ẫ || - || ɔ̃ || || اࣷ || v || [[File:Hawari Ẫ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(120)''' || Ũ ũ || - || ũ || وࣷ || v || [[File:Hawari Ũ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(8)''' || Ā ā || - || æ/ˑ || || ەٙ || v || [[File:Hawari Ā.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(121)''' || Ü ü || - || y/ˑ/ː || ۊ || v || [[File:Hawari Ü.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(9)''' || Ä ä || - || æː || || ەٙٙ || v || [[File:Hawari Ä.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(122)''' || Ů ů || Ůf ůf / ův ův || f (fin), v (med) || ࢫ || c || [[File:Hawari Ů.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(10)''' || Ă ă || Ăă ăă || ɐ̯ ||  || اٛ || s || [[File:Hawari Ă.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(123)''' || Ǔ ǔ || - || ɯ/ˑ/ː || وٙٙ || v || [[File:Hawari Ǔ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(11)''' || B b || Bb bb || b || || ب || c ||
[[File:Hawari B.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(124)''' || V v || Vv vv || v || ڤ || c || [[File:Hawari V.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(12)''' || Bʰ bʰ || Bh bh || bʱ || || ٻ || c || [[File:Hawari Bʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(125)''' || Vʰ vʰ || Vh vh || vʱ || ڤٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Vʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(13)''' || C c || Dc dc || d͡ʒ || || ج || c ||  
[[File:Hawari C.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(126)''' || W w || Ww ww || w || و || s || [[File:Hawari W.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(14)''' || Cʰ cʰ || Ch ch || d͡ʒʱ || || ڃ || c || [[File:Hawari Cʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(127)''' || Ŵ ŵ || Ŵŵ ŵŵ || ɸ || ۄ || c || [[File:Hawari Ŵ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(15)''' || Ç ç || Tş tş ||t͡ʃ || || چ || c ||
[[File:Hawari Ç.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(16)''' || Çʰ çʰ || Çh çh || t͡ʃʰ ||  || ڇ || c || [[File:Hawari Çʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(128)''' || Ẃ ẃ || Iww iww || ɯw || ڡ || c || [[File:Hawari Ẃ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(17)''' || Č č || - || .ʃt / ʃt. || || ڄ || c ||  
[[File:Hawari Č.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(129)''' || Ẁ ẁ || Êww êww || ew || ڡٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Ẁ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(18)''' || Ć ć || - || .st / st. || || ڜ || c || [[File:Hawari Ć.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(130)''' || Ẇ ẇ || Ẇv ẇv || v̩ || ڡٙ || m || [[File:Hawari Ẇ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(19)''' || D d || Ḓ ḓ || d || || د || c ||
[[File:Hawari D.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(131)''' || Wu wu || - || wu || وُ || v || [[File:Hawari Wu.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(20)''' || Dʰ dʰ || Dh dh || dʱ || || ڌ || c || [[File:Hawari Dʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(132)''' || ᵂ ʷ || - || ʷ || ٝ || c || [[File:Hawari ᵂ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(21)''' || Ḓ ḓ || - || dˑ || || دّ || c || [[File:Hawari Ḓ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(133)''' || X x || Xx xx || x || خ || c || [[File:Hawari X.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(22)''' || Đ đ || Ðđ đđ || ð || || ذ || c || [[File:Hawari Đ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(134)''' || Ẍ ẍ || Ẍx ẍx / Ẍǧ ẍǧ || x (fin), ɣ (med) || غْ || c || [[File:Hawari Ẍ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(23)''' || Đʰ đʰ || Đh đh || ðʰ ||  || ڍ || c || [[File:Hawari Đʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(135)''' || Ẋ ẋ || Ẋs ẋs || ks || ــٛٚـ || c || [[File:Hawari Ẋ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(24)''' || Ď ď || Dđ dđ || d͡ð || || دٚ || c ||  
[[File:Hawari Ď.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(136)''' || Y y || Yy yy || j || ی || s || [[File:Hawari Y.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(25)''' || Ḍ ḍ || Ḍḍ ḍḍ || dˤ || || ڊ / ض || c || [[File:Hawari Ḍ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(137)''' || Yî yî || - || ji/ˑ || یِ || v || [[File:Hawari Yî.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(26)''' || Ḋ ḋ || Ḋḋ ḋḋ || ɖ || || ډ || c || [[File:Hawari Ḋ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(138)''' || ʸ ʸ || - || ʲ || ِ || c || [[File:Hawari ʸ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(27)''' || Ḑ ḑ || Dĵ dĵ || d͡ʑ || || دٛ || c || [[File:Hawari Ḑ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(139)''' || Z z || Zz zz || z || ز || c || [[File:Hawari Z.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(28)''' || E e || - || ɛ/ˑ/ː || || ە || v || [[File:Hawari E.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(140)''' || Zʰ zʰ || Zh zh || zʱ || ڗ || c || [[File:Hawari Zʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(29)''' || Ė ė || - || ɛ / - (f) ||  || ە࣪ || v || [[File:Hawari Ė.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(141)''' || Ż ż || Ts ts || t͡s || ځ || c || [[File:Hawari Ż.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(30)''' || Ẽ ẽ || - || ẽ || || ەࣷ || v || [[File:Hawari Ẽ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(142)''' || Ẓ ẓ || Ẓẓ ẓẓ || zˤ || ظ || c || [[File:Hawari Ẓ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(31)''' || Ê ê || - || e/ˑ/ː || || ێ || v || [[File:Hawari Ê.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(143)''' || Ž ž || Dz dz || d͡z || څ || c || [[File:Hawari Ž.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(32)''' || Ễ ễ || - || ẽ || || یࣸ || v || [[File:Hawari Ễ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(144)''' || Ẑ ẑ || Ẑẑ ẑẑ || ʐ || ژࣺ || c || [[File:Hawari Ẑ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(33)''' || Ë ë || - || ɯ̃ || || ەࣸ || v || [[File:Hawari Ë.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(145)''' || ʔ ɂ || ʔɂ ɂɂ || ʔ || ئ || c || [[File:Hawari ʔ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(34)''' || -eh || - || ɛˑh / ɛj (f) / ɛt (f) ||  || ے || i || [[File:Hawari Eh.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''(146)''' || ʿ ʿ || ʿʿ || ʕ || ع || c || [[File:Hawari ʿ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| '''(35)''' || -êh || - || eˑh / ej (f) / et (f) ||  || ےٛ || i || [[File:Hawari Êh.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|}
 
==Grammar==
 
===Personal pronouns===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3"|
! colspan="6" align="center" |Singular
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
|-
|-
!rowspan="2"|1st
| '''(36)''' || F f || Ff ff || f ||  || ف || c || [[File:Hawari F.png|20px|frameless|center]]
!rowspan="2"|2nd
!colspan="4" align="center" |3rd
!rowspan="2"|1st
!colspan="2" align="center" |2nd
!rowspan="2"|3rd
|-
|-
! Masc.
| '''(37)''' || Fʰ fʰ || Fh fh ||fʰ ||  || فٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Fʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Fem.
! Neutr.
! Impers.
! Plur.
! Polite.
|-
|-
| '''(English)''' || I || you (sing.) || he || she || it || you (impers.) || we || you (plur.) || you (pol.) || they
| '''(38)''' || G g || Gg gg || g || || گ || c || [[File:Hawari G.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Nominative''' || āz<br/>ئەٙز || tû<br/>تۉ || ew<br/>ئەو || we<br/>وە || to<br/>تۆ || ûn<br/>ئۉن || em<br/>ئەم || şomâ<br/>شۆماٚ || hûn<br/>ھۉن || unhâ<br/>ئونھاٚ
| '''(39)''' || Gʰ gʰ || Gh gh || gʱ || || گٛ || c || [[File:Hawari Gʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Dative''' || minêh<br/>مۀنےٛ || tebîʲ<br/>تەبیٖ || êwār<br/>ئێوەٙر || îwār<br/>ئیوەٙر || tiwār<br/>تۀوەٙر || ûnêh<br/>ئۉنےٛ || emêh<br/>ئەمےٛ || şomâyêh<br/>شۆماٚیےٛ || hinêh<br/>ھۀنےٛ || unhâyêh<br/>ئۉنھاٚیےٛ
| '''(40)''' || Ĝ ĝ || Ĝ ĝ || ʁ̬ || || ڠ || c || [[File:Hawari Ĝ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Accusative''' || minu<br/>مۀنو || tā<br/>تەٙ || êwān<br/>ئێوەٙن || îwān<br/>ئیوەٙن || tʷān<br/>تٝەٙن || ûnu<br/>ئۉنو || emu<br/>ئەمو || şomâyu<br/>شۆماٚیو || hinâ<br/>ھۀناٚ || unhâyu<br/>ئونھاٚیو
| '''(41)''' || Ǧ ǧ || Ǧǧ ǧǧ || ɣ || || غ || c || [[File:Hawari Ǧ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Possessive''' || min<br/>مۀن || tvậy<br/>تڤاٚ࣪ی || ewîn<br/>ئەوین || îwîn<br/>ئیوین || tiwîn<br/>تۀوین || ńegov<br/>ڼەگۆڤ || mâ<br/>ماٚ || şimîn<br/>شۀمین || hûnem<br/>ھۉنەم || ńîĥov<br/>ڼیھٛۆڤ
| '''(42)''' || Ģ ģ || Gĵ gĵ ||ɟ ||  || گٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Ģ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|}
|-
 
| '''(43)''' || H h || Hh hh || h / j (f) / t (f) || || ھ || i || [[File:Hawari H.png|20px|frameless|center]]
===Nouns===
|-
 
| '''(44)''' || Hʰ hʰ || Hhʰ hhʰ || ɦ ||  || ھٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Hʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
====Declension of Nouns====
 
=====Ending with a semi- or consonant besides h, ǐ, ï and y=====
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" | Entire Word
|-
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
| '''(45)''' || Ḧ ḧ || Ḧḧ ḧḧ || h ||  || ھْ || c || [[File:Hawari Ḧ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
|-
|-
! Normal
| '''(46)''' || Ĥ ĥ || Ĥĥ ĥĥ || χ̬ ||  || ھٛ || c || [[File:Hawari Ĥ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
|-
|-
| '''Nominative''' || - || -o<br/>ۆ- || -a<br/>ا- || -ê<br/>ێ- || -ân<br/>اٚن- || -âno<br/>اٚنۆ- || -âna<br/>اٚنا- || -ânê<br/>اٚنێ-
| '''(47)''' || Ħ ħ || Ħħ ħħ || ħ || || ح || c || [[File:Hawari Ħ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Dative''' || -êh<br/>ےٛ- || -êyo<br/>ێیۆ- || -êya<br/>ێیا- || -êyê<br/>ێیێ- || -ânêh<br/>اٚنےٛ- || -ânêyo<br/>اٚنێیۆ- || -ânêya<br/>اٚنێیا- || -ânêyê<br/>اٚنێیێ-
| '''(48)''' || I i || - || ə/ˑ/ː || || ۀ || v || [[File:Hawari I.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Accusative''' || -u<br/>و- || -uyo<br/>ویۆ- || -uya<br/>ویا- || -uyê<br/>ویێ- || -ânu<br/>اٚنو- || -ânuyo<br/>اٚنویۆ- || -anuya<br/>اٚنویا- || -ânuyê<br/>اٚنویێ-
| '''(49)''' || Į į || - || ə / - (f) || || ۀٚ࣪ || c || [[File:Hawari Į.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|}
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" | (((Stem)))
|-
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
| '''(50)''' || Ǐ ǐ || Ǐy ǐy || ə(ˑ)j || ə=>ɯ || ۀی || s || [[File:Hawari Ǐ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
|-
|-
! Normal
| '''(51)''' || Î î || - || i/ˑ ||  || ی || v || [[File:Hawari Î.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Pos1
|-
! Pos2
| '''(52)''' || Ī ī || - || iː ||  || یٙٙ || v || [[File:Hawari Ī.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Pos3
|-
! Normal
| '''(53)''' || Ï ï || Ïy ïy || ɪ(ˑ)j ||  || یٙ || s || [[File:Hawari Ï.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
|-
|-
| '''Nominative''' || || || ||  || || || ||  
| '''(54)''' || Îy îy || Îyy îyy || i(ˑ)j ||  || ؽ || s || [[File:Hawari Îy.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Dative''' || || || ||  || || || ||  
| '''(55)''' || J j || Jj jj || ʒ ||  || ژ || c || [[File:Hawari J.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Accusative''' || || || ||  || || || ||  
| '''(56)''' || Jʰ jʰ || Jh jh ||ʒʱ ||  || ڙ || c || [[File:Hawari Jʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|}
 
=====Ending with an n=====
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" | Entire Word
|-
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
| '''(57)''' || ᴶ ʲ || - || - ||  || ٖ || c || [[File:Hawari ᴶ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
|-
|-
! Normal
| '''(58)''' || Ĵ ĵ || Ĵĵ ĵĵ || ʑ ||  || ږ || c || [[File:Hawari Ĵ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
|-
|-
| '''Nominative''' || - || -o<br/>ۆ- || -a<br/>ا- || -ê<br/>ێ- || -hâ<br/>ھاٚ- || -hâyo<br/>ھاٚیۆ- || -hâya<br/>ھاٚیا- || -hâyê<br/>ھاٚیێ-
| '''(59)''' || K k || Kk kk || k || || ک || c || [[File:Hawari K.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Dative''' || -êh<br/>ےٛ- || -êyo<br/>ێیۆ- || -êya<br/>ێیا- || -êyê<br/>ێیێ- || -hâyêh<br/>ھاٚیےٛ- || -hâyêto<br/>ھاٚیێتۆ- || -hâyêta<br/>ھاٚیێتا- || -hâyêtê<br/>ھاٚیێتێ-
| '''(60)''' || Kʰ kʰ || Kh kh || kʰ || || ڪ || c || [[File:Hawari Kʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Accusative''' || -u<br/>و- || -uyo<br/>ویۆ- || -uya<br/>ویا- || -uyê<br/>ویێ- || -hâyu<br/>ھاٚیو- || -hâyuto<br/>ھاٚیوتۆ- || -hâyuta<br/>ھاٚیوتا- || -hâyutê<br/>ھاٚیوتێ-
| '''(61)''' || Ǩ ǩ || Qx qx / Kx kx || q͡x / k͡x (d) ||  || ڳ || c || [[File:Hawari Ǩ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|}
|-
 
| '''(62)''' || Ķ ķ || Ks ks || .ks / ks. ||  || ګ || c || [[File:Hawari Ķ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
=====Ending with a vowel=====
|-
 
| '''(63)''' || Ḳ ḳ || Kŝ kŝ || c ||  || کٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Ḳ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
The vowels able to let a noun be declined like the following chart shows: ã, â, ẫ, ậ, ä, e, ẽ, ë, ī, õ, ö, ø, ũ, û
|-
 
| '''(64)''' || L l || Ll ll || l ||  || ل || c || [[File:Hawari L.png|20px|frameless|center]]
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" | Entire Word
|-
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
| '''(65)''' || Lʰ lʰ || Lh lh || lʰ ||  || ࢦ || c || [[File:Hawari Lʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
|-
|-
! Normal
| '''(66)''' || Ĺ ĺ || Ĺĺ ĺĺ || ɫ ||  || ڵ || c || [[File:Hawari Ĺ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
|-
|-
| '''Nominative''' || - || -yo<br/>یۆ- || -ya<br/>یا- || -yê<br/>یێ- || -yân<br/>یاٚن- || -yâno<br/>یاٚنۆ- || -yâna<br/>یاٚنا- || -yânê<br/>یاٚنێ-
| '''(67)''' || Ł ł || ly ly || ʎ || || ݪ || c || [[File:Hawari Ł.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Dative''' || -yêh<br/>یےٛ- || -yêto<br/>یێتۆ- || -yêta<br/>یێتا- || -yêtê<br/>یێتێ- || -yânêh<br/>یاٚنےٛ- || -yânêyo<br/>یاٚنێیۆ- || -yânêya<br/>یاٚنێیا- || -yânêyê<br/>یاٚنێیێ-
| '''(68)''' || Ļ ļ || Ļ ļ || ɭ || || ڶ || c || [[File:Hawari Ļ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Accusative''' || -yu<br/>یو- || -yuto<br/>یوتۆ- || -yuta<br/>یوتا- || -yutê<br/>یوتێ- || -yânu<br/>یاٚنو- || -yânuyo<br/>یاٚنویۆ- || -yânuya<br/>یاٚنویا- || -yânuyê<br/>یاٚنویێ-
| '''(69)''' || Ḽ ḽ || - || ɫ̩ / ə̆ɫ (d) || || ڵْ || m || [[File:Hawari Ḽ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|}
 
=====Ending with a y=====
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" | Entire Word
|-
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
| '''(70)''' || Ľ ľ || - || l̩ ||  || لْ || m || [[File:Hawari Ľ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
|-
|-
! Normal
| '''(71)''' || M m || Mm mm || m ||  || م || c ||
! Pos1
[[File:Hawari M.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Pos2
! Pos3
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
|-
|-
| '''Nominative''' || - || -o<br/>ۆ- || -a<br/>ا- || -ê<br/>ێ- || -ân<br/>اٚن- || -âno<br/>اٚنۆ- || -âna<br/>اٚنا- || -ânê<br/>اٚنێ-
| '''(72)''' || Mʰ mʰ || Mh mh || mʰ || || مٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Mʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Dative''' || -êh<br/>ےٛ- || -êto<br/>ێتۆ- || -êta<br/>ێتا- || -êtê<br/>ێتێ- || -ânêh<br/>اٚنےٛ- || -ânêyo<br/>اٚنێیۆ- || -ânêya<br/>اٚنێیا- || -ânêyê<br/>اٚنێیێ-
| '''(73)''' || Ḿ ḿ || My my || mʲ || || مِ || c || [[File:Hawari Ḿ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Accusative''' || -u<br/>و- || -uto<br/>وتۆ- || -uta<br/>وتا- || -utê<br/>وتێ- || -ânu<br/>اٚنو- || -ânuyo<br/>اٚنویۆ- || -ânuya<br/>اٚنویا- || -ânuyê<br/>اٚنویێ-
| '''(74)''' || N n || Ṋ ṋ || n || || ن || c || [[File:Hawari N.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|}
 
=====Ending with an h=====
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" | Except final h
|-
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
| '''(75)''' || Nʰ nʰ || Nh nh || nʱ ||  || ڹ || c || [[File:Hawari Nʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
|-
|-
! Normal
| '''(76)''' || Ń ń || Ńy ńy || ɲ ||  || ڼ || c || [[File:Hawari Ń.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
|-
|-
| '''Nominative''' || - || -yo<br/>یۆ- || -ya<br/>یا- || -yê<br/>یێ- || -yân<br/>یاٚن- || -yâno<br/>یاٚنۆ- || -yâna<br/>یاٚنا- || -yânê<br/>یاٚنێ-
| '''(77)''' || Ň ň || Ňň ňň || ŋ || || ݩ || c || [[File:Hawari Ň.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Dative''' || -yêh<br/>یےٛ- || -yêto<br/>یێتۆ- || -yêta<br/>یێتا- || -yêtê<br/>یێتێ- || -yânêh<br/>یاٚنےٛ- || -yânêyo<br/>یاٚنێیۆ- || -yânêya<br/>یاٚنێیا- || -yânêyê<br/>یاٚنێیێ-
| '''(78)''' || Ŋ ŋ || Ňŋ ňŋ || ŋ (fin) / ŋg (int, med) || || ݩْ || c || [[File:Hawari Ŋ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Accusative''' || -yu<br/>یو- || -yuto<br/>یوتۆ- || -yuta<br/>یوتا- || -yutê<br/>یوتێ- || -yânu<br/>یاٚنو- || -yânuyo<br/>یاٚنویۆ- || -yânuya<br/>یاٚنویا- || -yânuyê<br/>یاٚنویێ-
| '''(79)''' || Ṋ ṋ || nˑ || - || || نّ || c || [[File:Hawari Ṋ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|}
 
=====When the two last consonants are y and h (with a vowel between them), or also for nouns ending with ᵗ=====
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" | Except final h/ᵗ
|-
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
| '''(80)''' || Ṇ ṇ || Ṇ ṇ || ɴ ||  || نࣷ || c || [[File:Hawari Ṇ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
|-
| '''(81)''' || Ṅ ṅ || Ṅ ṅ || ɳ ||  || نࣸ || c || [[File:Hawari Ṅ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
! Normal
| '''(82)''' || Ņ ņ || - || n̩ ||  || نْ || m || [[File:Hawari Ņ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
|-
|-
| '''Nominative''' || - || -to<br/>تۆ- || -ta<br/>تا- || -tê<br/>تێ- || -tân<br/>تاٚن- || -tâno<br/>تاٚنۆ- || -tâna<br/>تاٚنا- || -tânê<br/>تاٚنێ-
| '''(83)''' || O o || - || o/ˑ || || ۆ || v || [[File:Hawari O.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Dative''' || -têh<br/>تےٛ- || -têyo<br/>تێیۆ- || -têya<br/>تێیا- || -têyê<br/>تێیێ- || -tânêh<br/>تاٚنےٛ- || -tânêyo<br/>تاٚنێیۆ- || -tânêya<br/>تاٚنێیا- || -tânêyê<br/>تاٚنێیێ-
| '''(84)''' || Ō ō || - || oː || || ۆٙ || v || [[File:Hawari Ō.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Accusative''' || -tu<br/>تو- || -tuyo<br/>تویۆ- || -tuya<br/>تویا- || -tuyê<br/>تویێ- || -tânu<br/>تاٚنو- || -tânuyo<br/>تاٚنویۆ- || -tânuya<br/>تاٚنویا- || -tânuyê<br/>تاٚنویێ-
| '''(85)''' || Ȯ ȯ || - || o / - (f) || || ۆ࣪ || v || [[File:Hawari Ȯ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|}
 
=====-ȧ(-)=====
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" | Entire Word
|-
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
| '''(86)''' || Õ õ || - || õ ||  || وࣸ || v || [[File:Hawari Õ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
|-
|-
! Normal
| '''(87)''' || Ô ô || Ôw ôw || ɔw ||  || ۈ || s || [[File:Hawari Ô.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
|-
|-
| '''Nominative''' || - || -a-o<br/>ا-ۆ- || -e-a<br/>ە-ا- || -a-ê<br/>ا-ێ- || -e-ân<br/>ە-اٚن- || -e-âno<br/>ە-اٚنۆ- || -e-âna<br/>ە-اٚنا- || -e-ânê<br/>ە-اٚنێ-
| '''(88)''' || Ö ö || - || œ || || ۏ || v || [[File:Hawari Ö.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Dative''' || -a-êh<br/>ا-ےٛ- || -a-êyo<br/>ا-ێیۆ- || -a-êya<br/>ا-ێیا- || -a-êyê<br/>ا-ێیێ- || -e-ânêh<br/>ە-اٚنےٛ || -e-ânêyo<br/>ە-اٚنێیۆ- || -e-ânêya<br/>ە-اٚنێیا- || -e-ânêyê<br/>ە-اٚنێیێ
| '''(89)''' || Ø ø || - || ø || || ۋ || v || [[File:Hawari Ø.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
| '''Accusative''' || -e-u<br/>ە-و- || -e-uyo<br/>ە-ویۆ- || -e-uya<br/>ە-ویا- || -e-uyê<br/>ە-ویێ- || -e-ânu<br/>ە-اٚنو- || -e-ânuyo<br/>ە-اٚنویۆ- || -e-ânuya<br/>ە-اٚنویا- || -e-ânuyê<br/>ە-اٚنویێ
| '''(90)''' || Ǫ ǫ || Ǫw ǫw || əʊ̯ || || وࣺ || s || [[File:Hawari Ǫ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|}
 
If the letter after the ȧ is nothing, an h, ʸ, ǐ or ï, the "y" shown in the last chart turns into t.
 
====Other rules====
 
Ǐ turns to iy, ï to ïy, ô to ậw, ǫ to öw, ẃ to iw, ẁ to êw, č to şt and ć to st, when being the final letter of an unflexed word. When the last vowel is å, ė, į or ȯ, it disappears in the flexed form of a word.
 
===Verbs===
 
Every verb is declined regularly except of îmü (between to have and to be) and morü (to be).
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" |Personal Pronouns
! colspan="6" align="center" |Indicative
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" |Present
| '''(91)''' || P p || Pp pp || p ||  || پ || c || [[File:Hawari P.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! rowspan="2" align="center" |Past
! colspan="2" align="center" |Future
! colspan="2" align="center" |Future Perfect
|-
|-
! Standard
| '''(92)''' || Pʰ pʰ || Ph ph || pʰ ||  || ڀ || c || [[File:Hawari Pʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Simplified
! Standard
! Simplified
|-
|-
! '''Āz<br/>ئەٙز'''  
| '''(93)''' || Q q || Qq qq || q ||  || ق || c || [[File:Hawari Q.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| -o<br/>ۆ- || -obû<br/>ۆبۉ- || ço -ü<br/>چۆ -ۊ || dêʲ -o<br/>دێٖ -ۆ || ço -übû<br/>چۆ -ۊبۉ || dêʲ -obû<br/>دیٖ -ۆبۉ
|-
|-
! '''Tû<br/>تۉ'''  
| '''(94)''' || R r || Rr rr || r ||  || ر || c || [[File:Hawari R.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| -ê<br/>ێ- || -îbû<br/>یبۉ/-یِبۉ- || çê -ü<br/>چە -ۊ || dêʲ -ê<br/>دێٖ -ێ || çê -übû<br/>چێ -ۊبۉ || dêʲ -îbû<br/>دێٖ -یبۉ/دێٖ -یِبۉ
|-
|-
! '''Ew/We/To/Ûn<br/>ئەو/وە/تۆ/ئۉن'''  
| '''(95)''' || Rr rr || Rrr rrr || r ||  || ڕ || c || [[File:Hawari Rr.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| -ā<br/>ەٙ- || -ābû<br/>ەٙبۉ- || çā -ü<br/>چەٙ -ۊ || dêʲ -ā<br/>دێٖ -ەٙ || çā -übû<br/>چەٙ -ۊبۉ || dêʲ -ābû<br/>دێٖ -ەٙبۉ
|-
|-
! '''Em<br/>ئەم'''  
| '''(96)''' || Rʰ rʰ || Rh rh || ɾʰ ||  || رٛ || c || [[File:Hawari Rʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| -âm<br/>اٚم- || -âbûn<br/>اٚبۉن- || çâm -ü<br/>چاٚم -ۊ || dêʲ -âm<br/>دێٖ -اٚم || çâm -übûn<br/>چاٚم -ۊبۉن || dêʲ -âbûn<br/>دێٖ -اٚبۉن
|-
|-
! '''Şomâ/Hûn<br/>شۆماٚ/ھۉن'''  
| '''(97)''' || Ř ř || Řř řř || ɹ ||  || ڒ || c || [[File:Hawari Ř.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| -in<br/>ۀن- || -îbûn<br/>یبۉن/-یِبۉن || çøn -ü<br/>چۋن -ۊ || dêʲ -in<br/>دێٖ -ۀن || çøn -übûn<br/>چۋن -ۊبۉن || dêʲ -îbûn<br/>دێٖ -یبۉن/-یِبۉن
|-
| '''(98)''' || Řʰ řʰ || Řh řh || ɹʱ ||  || رࣸ || c || [[File:Hawari Řʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(99)''' || Ŕ ŕ || Řŕ řŕ || ɽ / ʀ ||  || ړ || c || [[File:Hawari Ŕ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
|-
! '''Ûnhâ<br/>ئۉنھاٚ'''  
| '''(100)''' || Ŗ ŗ || Ŗr ŗr || r̩ || || رْ || m || [[File:Hawari Ŗ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| -ānd<br/>ەٙند- || -ābûn<br/>ەٙبۉن- || çøn -ü<br/>چۋن -ۊ || dêʲ -ānd<br/>دێٖ -ەٙند || çøn -übûn<br/>چۋن -ۊبۉن || dêʲ -ābûn<br/>دێٖ -ەٙبۉن
|}
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" |Personal Pronouns
! colspan="6" align="center" |Optative, Subjunctive, Jussive
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" |Present
| '''(101)''' || Ṛ ṛ || Ṛř ṛř || ɹ̩ ||  || ڒ࣪ || m || [[File:Hawari Ṛ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! rowspan="2" align="center" |Past
! colspan="2" align="center" |Future
! colspan="2" align="center" |Future Perfect
|-
|-
! Standard
| '''(102)''' || S s || Ss ss || s ||  || س || c || [[File:Hawari S.png|20px|frameless|center]]
! Simplified
! Standard
! Simplified
|-
|-
! '''Āz<br/>ئەٙز'''  
| '''(103)''' || Sʰ sʰ || Sh sh || sʰ ||  || ښ || c || [[File:Hawari Sʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| bi-o<br/>بۀ-ۆ || bi-obû<br/>بۀ-ۆبۉ || biço -ü<br/>بۀچۆ -ۊ || dêʲ bi-o<br/>دێٖ بۀ-ۆ || biço -übû<br/>بۀچۆ -ۊبۉ || dêʲ bi-obû<br/>دێٖ بۀ-ۆبۉ
|-
|-
! '''Tû<br/>تۉ'''  
| '''(104)''' || Ş ş || Şş şş ||ʃ ||  || ش || c || [[File:Hawari Ş.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| bi-ê<br/>بۀ-ێ || bi-îbû<br/>بۀ-یبۉ || biçê -ü<br/>بۀچێ -ۊ || dêʲ bi-ê<br/>دێٖ بۀ-ێ || biçê -übû<br/>بۀچێ -ۊبۉ || dêʲ bi-îbû<br/>دێٖ بۀ-یبۉ
|-
|-
! '''Ew/We/To/Ûn<br/>ئەو/وە/تۆ/ئۉن'''  
| '''(105)''' || Şʰ şʰ || Şh şh ||  ʃʰ ||  || ݜ || c || [[File:Hawari Şʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| bi-ā<br/>بۀ-ەٙ || bi-ābû<br/>بۀ-ەٙبۉ || biçā -ü<br/>بۀچەٙ -ۊ || dêʲ bi-ā<br/>دێٖ بۀ-ەٙ || biçā -übû<br/>بۀچەٙ -ۊبۉ || dêʲ bi-ābû<br/>دێٖ بۀ-ەٙبۉ
|-
|-
! '''Em<br/>ئەم'''  
| '''(106)''' || Ṣ ṣ || Ṣṣ ṣṣ || sˤ ||  || ص || c || [[File:Hawari Ṣ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| bi-âm<br/>بۀ-اٚم || bi-âbûn<br/>بۀ-اٚبۉن || biçâm -ü<br/>بۀچاٚم -ۊ || dêʲ bi-âm<br/>دێٖ بۀ-اٚم || biçâm -übûn<br/>بۀچاٚم -ۊبۉن || dêʲ bi-âbûn<br/>دێٖ بۀ-اٚبۉن
|-
|-
! '''Şomâ/Hûn<br/>شۆماٚ/ھۉن'''  
| '''(107)''' || Ṡ ṡ || Ṡṡ ṡṡ || ʂ ||  || سٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Ṡ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| bi-in<br/>بۀ-ۋن || bi-îbûn<br/>بۀ-یبۉن || biçøn -ü<br/>بۀچۋن -ۊ || dêʲ bi-in<br/>دێٖ بۀ-ۀن || biçøn -übûn<br/>بۀچۋن -ۊبۉن || dêʲ bi-îbûn<br/>دێٖ بۀ-یبۉن
|-
|-
! '''Ûnhâ<br/>ئۉنھاٚ'''  
| '''(108)''' || Ŝ ŝ || Ŝŝ ŝŝ || ç ||  || ݾ || c || [[File:Hawari Ŝ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
| bi-ānd<br/>بۀ-ەٙند || bi-ābûn<br/>بۀ-ەٙبۉن || biçøn -ü<br/>بۀچۋن -ۊ || dêʲ bi-ānd<br/>دێٖ بۀ-ەٙند || biçøn -übûn<br/>بۀچۋن -ۊبۉ || dêʲ bi-ābûn<br/>دێٖ بۀ-ەٙبۉن
|-
|}
| '''(109)''' || Š š || Şç şç || ʃt͡ʃ. / .ʃt͡ʃ ||  || ڛ || c || [[File:Hawari Š.png|20px|frameless|center]]
 
|-
'''For the Conjunctive mood, you conjugate the verb "zerikü / زەرۀکـــۊ", while you then use one of the infinitive forms for the next verb. For example:'''
| '''(110)''' || T t || Ť ť || t ||  || ت || c || [[File:Hawari T.png|20px|frameless|center]]
 
|-
"He said that you weren't speaking Hawari, is that true?
| '''(111)''' || Ť ť || Ťt ťt || tˑ (l) ||  || تّ || c || [[File:Hawari Ť.png|20px|frameless|center]]
 
|-
'''in Hawari there are two possibilities, either:'''
| '''(112)''' || Tʰ tʰ || Th th || tʰ ||  || ٿ || c || [[File:Hawari Tʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
 
|-
"Ew goftābû ke tû '''nā prîçê''' zimânuya Ħāwārî, że taʲ?
| '''(113)''' || Ṯ ṯ || Ṯṯ ṯṯ || θ ||  || ث || c || [[File:Hawari Ṯ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
ئەو گۆفتەٙبۉ کە تۉ '''نەٙ پریچێ''' زۀماٚنویا حەٙوەٙری، ځە تاٖ؟"
|-
 
| '''(114)''' || Ṭ ṭ || Ṭṭ ṭṭ || tˤ ||  || ط || c || [[File:Hawari Ṭ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
'''or also:'''
|-
 
| '''(115)''' || Ṫ ṫ || Ṫṫ ṫṫ || ʈ ||  || ټ || c || [[File:Hawari Ṫ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
"Ew goftābû tû '''nā zerikê''' prîçü zimânuya Ħāwārî, że taʲ?
|-
ئەو گۆفتەٙبۉ کە تۉ '''نەٙ زەرۀکێ''' پریچۊ زۀماٚنویا حەٙوەٙری، ځە تاٖ؟"
| '''(116)''' || ᵀ ᵗ || - || h (fin) / - (fin, d) / t (med) ||  || ة || c || [[File:Hawari ᵀ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
 
|-
==Vocabulary==
| '''(117)''' || Ț ț || Tŝ tŝ || t͡ɕ ||  || تٛ || c || [[File:Hawari Ț.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(118)''' || U u || - || u ||  || و || v || [[File:Hawari U.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(119)''' || Û û || - || uˑ/ː ||  || ۉ || v || [[File:Hawari Û.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(120)''' || Ũ ũ || - || ũ ||  || وࣷ || v || [[File:Hawari Ũ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(121)''' || Ü ü || - || y/ˑ/ː ||  || ۊ || v || [[File:Hawari Ü.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(122)''' || Ů ů || Ůf ůf / ův ův || f (fin), v (med) ||  || ࢫ || c || [[File:Hawari Ů.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(123)''' || Ǔ ǔ || - || ɯ/ˑ/ː ||  || وٙٙ || v || [[File:Hawari Ǔ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(124)''' || V v || Vv vv || v ||  || ڤ || c || [[File:Hawari V.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(125)''' || Vʰ vʰ || Vh vh || vʱ ||  || ڤٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Vʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(126)''' || W w || Ww ww || w ||  || و || s || [[File:Hawari W.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(127)''' || Ŵ ŵ || Ŵŵ ŵŵ || ɸ ||  || ۄ || c || [[File:Hawari Ŵ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(128)''' || Ẃ ẃ || Iww iww || ɯw ||  || ڡ || c || [[File:Hawari Ẃ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(129)''' || Ẁ ẁ || Êww êww || ew ||  || ڡٚ || c || [[File:Hawari Ẁ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(130)''' || Ẇ ẇ || Ẇv ẇv || v̩ ||  || ڡٙ || m || [[File:Hawari Ẇ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(131)''' || Wu wu || - || wu ||  || وُ || v || [[File:Hawari Wu.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(132)''' || ᵂ ʷ || - || ʷ ||  || ٝ || c || [[File:Hawari ᵂ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(133)''' || X x || Xx xx || x ||  || خ || c || [[File:Hawari X.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(134)''' || Ẍ ẍ || Ẍx ẍx / Ẍǧ ẍǧ || x (fin), ɣ (med) ||  || غْ || c || [[File:Hawari Ẍ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(135)''' || Ẋ ẋ || Ẋs ẋs || ks ||  || ــٛٚـ || c || [[File:Hawari Ẋ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(136)''' || Y y || Yy yy || j ||  || ی || s || [[File:Hawari Y.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(137)''' || Yî yî || - || ji/ˑ ||  || یِ || v || [[File:Hawari Yî.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(138)''' || ʸ ʸ || - || ʲ ||  || ِ || c || [[File:Hawari ʸ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(139)''' || Z z || Zz zz || z ||  || ز || c || [[File:Hawari Z.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(140)''' || Zʰ zʰ || Zh zh || zʱ ||  || ڗ || c || [[File:Hawari Zʰ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(141)''' || Ż ż || Ts ts || t͡s ||  || ځ || c || [[File:Hawari Ż.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(142)''' || Ẓ ẓ || Ẓẓ ẓẓ || zˤ ||  || ظ || c || [[File:Hawari Ẓ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(143)''' || Ž ž || Dz dz || d͡z ||  || څ || c || [[File:Hawari Ž.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(144)''' || Ẑ ẑ || Ẑẑ ẑẑ || ʐ ||  || ژࣺ || c || [[File:Hawari Ẑ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(145)''' || ʔ ɂ || ʔɂ ɂɂ || ʔ ||  || ئ || c || [[File:Hawari ʔ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|-
| '''(146)''' || ʿ ʿ || ʿʿ || ʕ ||  || ع || c || [[File:Hawari ʿ.png|20px|frameless|center]]
|}


===Swadesh list===
==Grammar<br/>Gramatîk<br/>گراماتیک==


<table class="wikitable" border=1>
===Personal pronouns===
<tr><th>#</th>
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
<th>[[English]]</th>
! rowspan="3"|
<th>'''Hawari'''</th>
! colspan="6" align="center" |Singular
<th>Persian<br><small>(Romanized)</small></th>
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
<th>[[Persian]]</th>
|-
<th>Hindi-Urdu<br><small>(Romanized)</small></th>
!rowspan="2"|1st
<th>Hindi-Urdu</th>
!rowspan="2"|2nd
<th>[[Pashto]]<br><small>(IPA)</small></th>
!colspan="4" align="center" |3rd
<th>[[Kurdish]]<br><small>([[Kurmanji]])</small></th>
!rowspan="2"|1st
<th>[[Sanskrit]]</th>
!colspan="2" align="center" |2nd
<th>Sanskrit<br><small>(Romanized)</small></th>
!rowspan="2"|3rd
<th>[[Romani]]</th>
|-
<th>[[Punjabi]]<br><small>([[Gurmukhi]] Script and Romanized)</small></th>
! Masc.
<th>[[Ossetian]]</th></tr>
! Fem.
<tr><td>1</td><td>[[I]]</td>
! Neutr.
<td>āz<br></td>
! Impers.
<td>man</td>
! Plur.
<td>[[من|مَن]]</td>
! Polite.
<td>maiṃ</td>
|-
<td>[[मैं]]<br>[[میں]]</td>
| '''(English)''' || I || you (sing.) || he || she || it || you (impers.) || we || you (plur.) || you (pol.) || they
<td>[[زه]]<br>zə</td>
|-
<td>[[min]]<br>[[ez]]</td>
| '''Nominative''' || āz<br/>ئەٙز || tû<br/>تۉ || ew<br/>ئەو || we<br/>وە || to<br/>تۆ || ûn<br/>ئۉن || em<br/>ئەم || şomâ<br/>شۆماٚ || hûn<br/>ھۉن || unhâ<br/>ئونھاٚ
<td>[[अहम्]]</td>
|-
<td>aham</td>
| '''Dative''' || minêh<br/>مۀنےٛ || tebîʲ<br/>تەبیٖ || êwār<br/>ئێوەٙر || îwār<br/>ئیوەٙر || tiwār<br/>تۀوەٙر || ûnêh<br/>ئۉنےٛ || emêh<br/>ئەمےٛ || şomâyêh<br/>شۆماٚیےٛ || hinêh<br/>ھۀنےٛ || unhâyêh<br/>ئۉنھاٚیےٛ
<td>[[me]]</td>
|-
<td>[[ਮੈਂ]]<br>[[main]]</td>
| '''Accusative''' || minu<br/>مۀنو || tā<br/>تەٙ || êwān<br/>ئێوەٙن || îwān<br/>ئیوەٙن || tʷān<br/>تٝەٙن || ûnu<br/>ئۉنو || emu<br/>ئەمو || şomâyu<br/>شۆماٚیو || hinâ<br/>ھۀناٚ || unhâyu<br/>ئونھاٚیو
<td>[[æз]]</td></tr>
|-
<tr><td>2</td><td>[[thou]]</td>
| '''Possessive''' || min<br/>مۀن || tvậy<br/>تڤاٚ࣪ی || ewîn<br/>ئەوین || îwîn<br/>ئیوین || tiwîn<br/>تۀوین || ńegov<br/>ڼەگۆڤ || mâ<br/>ماٚ || şimîn<br/>شۀمین || hûnem<br/>ھۉنەم || ńîĥov<br/>ڼیھٛۆڤ
<td>tû<br></td>
|}
<td>to/tu</td>
 
<td>[[تو]]</td>
===Nouns===
<td>tū<br>tum<br>āp</td>
 
<td>[[तू]]<br>[[तुम]]<br>[[आप]]<br>[[تو]]<br>[[آپ]]</td></td>
====Declension of Nouns====
<td>[[ته]] <br> t̪ə</td>
 
<td>[[tu]]</td>
=====Ending with a semi- or consonant besides h, ǐ, ï and y=====
<td>[[त्वम्]]</td>
 
<td>tvam<br>bhavant ''hon.''</td>
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
<td>[[tu]]</td>
! rowspan="3" align="center" | Entire Word
<td>[[ਤੂੰ]]<br>[[tūn]]</td><td>[[ды]]</td>
|-
</tr>
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
<tr><td>3</td><td>[[we]]</td>
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
<td>em<br></td>
|-
<td>mā</td><td>[[ما]]</td>
! Normal
<td>ham</td>
! Pos1
<td>[[हम]]<br>[[ہم|هَم]]</td>
! Pos2
<td>[[موږ]] <br> muʐ/muŋg</td>
! Pos3
<td>[[em]]<br>[[me]]</td>
! Normal
<td>[[वयम्]]</td>
! Pos1
<td>vayam</td>
! Pos2
<td>[[ame]]</td>
! Pos3
<td>[[ਅਸੀਂ]]<br>[[asīn]]</td><td>[[мах]]</td>
|-
</tr>
| '''Nominative''' || - || -o<br/>ۆ- || -a<br/>ا- || -ê<br/>ێ- || -ân<br/>اٚن- || -âno<br/>اٚنۆ- || -âna<br/>اٚنا- || -ânê<br/>اٚنێ-
<tr><td>4</td><td>[[this]]</td>
|-
<td>īn<br></td>
| '''Dative''' || -êh<br/>ےٛ- || -êo<br/>ێٮۆ- || -êa<br/>ێٮا- || -êê<br/>ێٮێ- || -ânêh<br/>اٚنےٛ- || -ânêo<br/>اٚنێٮۆ- || -ânêa<br/>اٚنێٮا- || -ânêê<br/>اٚنێٮێ-
<td>in</td><td>[[این]]</td>
|-
<td>yeh<br>is</td>
| '''Accusative''' || -u<br/>و- || -uo<br/>وٮۆ- || -ua<br/>وٮا- || -uê<br/>وٮێ- || -ânu<br/>اٚنو- || -ânuo<br/>اٚنوٮۆ- || -anua<br/>اٚنوٮا- || -ânuê<br/>اٚنوٮێ-
<td>[[यह]]<br>[[इस]]<br>[[یہ]]<br>[[اِس]]</td>
|}
<td>[[دا]] <br> d̪ɑ</td>
 
<td>[[ev]]</td>
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
<td>[[एतत्]]</td>
! rowspan="3" align="center" | (((Stem)))
<td>etat</td>
|-
<td>[[kado]]</td>
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
<td>[[ਇਹ]]<br>[[ih]]</td>
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
<td>уый</td></tr>
|-
<tr><td>5</td><td>[[that]]</td>
! Normal
<td>ḑâ<br></td>
! Pos1
<td>ān</td>
! Pos2
<td>[[آن]]</td>
! Pos3
<td>voh<br>us</td>
! Normal
<td>[[वह]]<br>[[उस]]<br>[[وه]]<br>[[اُس]]</td>
! Pos1
<td>[[هغه]] <br> haɣa </td>
! Pos2
<td>[[ew]]</td>
! Pos3
<td>[[तत्]]</td>
|-
<td>tat</td>
| '''Nominative''' ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
<td>[[kodo]]</td>
|-
<td>[[ਉਹ]
| '''Dative''' ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
| '''Accusative''' ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|}
 
=====Ending with an n=====
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" | Entire Word
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
|-
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
|-
| '''Nominative''' || - || -o<br/>ۆ- || -a<br/>ا- || -ê<br/>ێ- || -hâ<br/>ھاٚ- || -hâo<br/>ھاٚٮۆ- || -hâa<br/>ھاٚٮا- || -hâê<br/>ھاٚٮێ-
|-
| '''Dative''' || -êh<br/>ےٛ- || -êo<br/>ێٮۆ- || -êa<br/>ێٮا- || -êê<br/>ێٮێ- || -hâyêh<br/>ھاٚیےٛ- || -hâyo<br/>ھاٚیۆ- || -hâya<br/>ھاٚیا- || -hâyê<br/>ھاٚیێ-
|-
| '''Accusative''' || -u<br/>و- || -uyo<br/>وٮۆ- || -ua<br/>وٮا- || -uê<br/>وٮێ- || -hâyu<br/>ھاٚیو- || -hâwo<br/>ھاٚوۆ- || -hâwa<br/>ھاٚوا- || -hâwê<br/>ھاٚوێ-
|}
 
=====Ending with a vowel=====
 
The following vowels let a noun be declined like the chart down below shows: ã, â, ẫ, ậ, ä, e, ẽ, ë, ī, õ, ö, ø, ũ, û
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" | Entire Word
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
|-
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
|-
| '''Nominative''' || - || -yo<br/>یۆ- || -ya<br/>یا- || -yê<br/>یێ- || -yân<br/>یاٚن- || -yâno<br/>یاٚنۆ- || -yâna<br/>یاٚنا- || -yânê<br/>یاٚنێ-
|-
| '''Dative''' || -yêh<br/>یےٛ- || -yêo<br/>یێٮۆ- || -yêa<br/>یێٮا- || -yêê<br/>یێٮێ- || -
</table>
</table>


'''This page is under construction, as of June 2020.'''
'''This page is under construction, as of February 2021.'''
 
 
=Wanna test something=
 
 
 
==Full declension of the stem "goft"==
 
IPA: [goˑft]
 
Noun: goft (saying, speech, speaking)
 
Verb: goftü (to speak, to say, to tell, to point out)
 
Adjective: goftî (spoken, said, told)
 
Denonym: goft[]m
 
Noun declension:
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" | goft
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" |Singular
! colspan="4" align="center" |Plural
|-
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
! Normal
! Pos1
! Pos2
! Pos3
|-
| '''Nominative'''<br/>(and Genitive) || goft || gofto || gofta || goftê || goftân || goftâno || goftâna || goftânê
|-
| '''Dative''' || goftêh || goftêo || goftêa || goftêê || goftânêh || goftânêo || goftânêa || goftânêa
|-
| '''Accusative''' || goftu || goftuo || goftua || goftuê || goftânu || goftânuo || goftânua || goftânuê
|}
 
The verb:
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" |Personal Pronouns
! colspan="6" align="center" |Indicative
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" |Present
! rowspan="2" align="center" |Past
! colspan="2" align="center" |Future
! colspan="2" align="center" |Future Perfect
|-
! Standard
! Simplified
! Standard
! Simplified
|-
! '''Āz'''
| gofto || goftobû || ço goftü || dêʲ gofto || ço goftübû || dêʲ goftobû
|-
! '''Tû'''
| goftê || goftîbû || çê goftü || dêʲ goftê || çê goftübû || dêʲ goftîbû
|-
! '''Ew/We/To/Ûn'''
| goftā || goftābû || çā goftü || dêʲ goftā || çā goftübû || dêʲ goftābû
|-
! '''Em'''
| goftâm || goftâbûn || çâm goftü || dêʲ goftâm || çâm goftübûn || dêʲ goftâbûn
|-
! '''Şomâ/Hûn'''
| goftin || goftîbûn || çøn goftü || dêʲ goftin || çøn goftübûn || dêʲ goftîbûn
|-
! '''Ûnhâ'''
| goftānd || goftābûn || çøn goftü || dêʲ goftānd || çøn goftübûn || dêʲ goftābûn
|}
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" |Personal Pronouns
! colspan="6" align="center" |non-Indicative
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" |Present
! rowspan="2" align="center" |Past
! colspan="2" align="center" |Future
! colspan="2" align="center" |Future Perfect
|-
! Standard
! Simplified
! Standard
! Simplified
|-
! '''Āz'''
| bigofto || bigoftobû || biço goftü || dêʲ bigoft || biço goftübû || dêʲ bigoftobû
|-
! '''Tû'''
| bigoftê || bigoftîbû || biçê goftü || dêʲ bigoftê || biçê goftübû || dêʲ bigoftîbû
|-
! '''Ew/We/To/Ûn'''
| bigoftā || bigoftābû || biçā goftü || dêʲ bigoftā || biçā goftübû || dêʲ bigoftābû
|-
! '''Em'''
| bigoftâm || bigoftâbûn || biçâm goftü || dêʲ bigoftâm || biçâm goftübûn || dêʲ bigoftâbûn
|-
! '''Şomâ/Hûn'''
| bigoftin || bigoftîbûn || biçøn goftü || dêʲ bigoftin || biçøn goftübûn || dêʲ bigoftîbûn
|-
! '''Ûnhâ'''
| bigoftānd || bigoftābûn || biçøn goftü || dêʲ bigoftānd || biçøn goftübûn || dêʲ bigoftābûn
|}
 
Here the negated forms:
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" |Personal Pronouns
! colspan="6" align="center" |Indicative
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" |Present
! rowspan="2" align="center" |Past
! colspan="2" align="center" |Future
! colspan="2" align="center" |Future Perfect
|-
! Standard
! Simplified
! Standard
! Simplified
|-
! '''Āz'''
| nā gofto || nā goftobû || nāço goftü || dêʲ nā gofto || nāço goftübû || dêʲ nā goftobû
|-
! '''Tû'''
| nā goftê || nā goftîbû || nāçê goftü || dêʲ nā goftê|| nāçê goftübû || dêʲ nā goftîbû
|-
! '''Ew/We/To/Ûn'''
| nā goftā || nā goftābû || nāçā goftü || dêʲ nā goftā || nāçā goftübû || dêʲ nā goftābû
|-
! '''Em'''
| nāgoftâm || nā goftâbûn || nāçâm goftü || dêʲ nā goftâm || nāçâm goftübûn || dêʲ nā goftâbûn
|-
! '''Şomâ/Hûn'''
| nā goftin || nā goftîbûn || nāçøn goftü || dêʲ nā goftin || nāçøn goftübûn || dêʲ nā goftîbûn
|-
! '''Unhâ'''
| nā goftānd || nā goftābûn || nāçøn goftü || dêʲ nā goftānd || nāçøn goftübûn || dêʲ nā goftābûn
|}
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! rowspan="3" align="center" |Personal Pronouns
! colspan="6" align="center" |non-Indicative
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" |Present
! rowspan="2" align="center" |Past
! colspan="2" align="center" |Future
! colspan="2" align="center" |Future Perfect
|-
! Standard
! Simplified
! Standard
! Simplified
|-
! '''Āz'''
| binā gofto || binā goftobû || bināço goftü || dêʲ binā gofto || bināço goftübû || dêʲ binā goftobû
|-
! '''Tû'''
| binā goftê || binā goftîbû || bināçê goftü || dêʲ binā goftê || bināçê goftübû || dêʲ binā goftîbû
|-
! '''Ew/We/To/Ûn'''
| binā goftā || binā goftābû || bināçā goftü || dêʲ binā goftā || bināçā goftübû || dêʲ binā goftābû
|-
! '''Em'''
| binā goftâm || binā goftâbûn || bināçâm goftü || dêʲ binā goftâm || bināçâm goftübûn || dêʲ binā goftâbûn
|-
! '''Şomâ/Hûn'''
| binā goftin || binā goftîbûn || bināçøn goftü || dêʲ binā goftin || bināçøn goftübûn || dêʲ binā goftîbûn
|-
! '''Unhâ'''
| binā goftānd || binā goftābûn || bināçøn goftü || dêʲ binā goftānd || bināçøn goftübûn || dêʲ binā goftābûn
|}
 
Imperative: Bi goftê, Bi goftin, Bi nā goftê, Bi nā goftin
Gerund: gofti / nā gofti
 
Gerund Participe: goftibû / nā goftibû
 
Adjective forms: goftî, goftî tir, goftî tirîn / nā goftî, nā goftî tir, nā goftî tirîn
 
Denonym forms: goftum (male), goftêm (female), goftøm (neuter), / (nā ")
 
 
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:A posteriori]]
[[Category:Indo-European languages]]
[[Category:Auxlangs]]
[[Category:Indo-Iranian languages]]

Latest revision as of 00:23, 11 September 2022

Hawari language
Zimâna Ħāwārî
زۀماٚنا حەٙوەٙری
ZimanaHawari(Tongtsehayi).png
Pronunciation[zɯ.ˈmɑː.na ˈħæ.wæˑ.riˑ]
Created byMansenBk
Native tono specific
Ethnicityno specific
Native speakers1 (2020)
Standard forms
Dialect
~15 dialects
Bāyrâẍa Nûyîya Ħāwārømân.png
The Hawari flag

Hawari, natively Ħāwārî (IPA: {hə'wʌɹɪ}, {ˈħæwæˑriˑ}), sometimes also spelled Hwari, is an a posteriori constructed auxillary language in the Northwestern Iranian group of the Indo-European family. Speakers of the language are called Hawars. The total number of Hawari-speakers is 1.

Hawari belongs to the Hawaric Northwestern Iranian group of the Indo-Iranian branch.

Phonology and Orthography
Fonoloj û Ậrtoǧraf
فۆنۆلۆژ ئۉ ئاٚ‌ْرتۆغراف

Alphabets and Pronounciation

The Latin Hawari Alphabet
Letter IPA
(1) A a a
(2) Á á aː
(3) Ȧ ȧ a, turns to ɛ after declension
(4) Å å a, vanishes after declension
(5) Ã ã ã
(6)  Â â ɒ
(7) Ẫ ẫ ɒ̃
(8) Ậ ậ ɔ
(9) Ā ā æ
(10) Ä ä æː
(11) Ă ă ɐ̯
(12) B b b
(13) C c d͡ʒ
(14) Ç ç t͡ʃ
(15) D d d
(16) Đ đ ð
(17) Ḍ ḍ dˤ
(18) Ḋ ḋ ɖ
(19) Ḑ ḑ d͡ʑ
(20) E e ɛ
(21) Ė ė ɛ, vanishes after declension
(22) Ē ē ɛː
(23) Ẽ ẽ ɛ̃
(24) Ê ê e
(25) Ễ ễ ẽ
(26) Ë ë ə̃
(27) F f f
(28) G g ɡ
(29) Ĝ ĝ ɦ̬
(30) Ǧ ǧ ɣ
(31) Ģ ģ ɟ
(32) H h h, turns to j after declension
(33) Ḧ ḧ h
(34) Ĥ ĥ ɦ
(35) Ħ ħ ħ
(36) ᴴ ʰ ʰ
(37) I i ə
(38) Į į ə, vanishes after declension
(39) Î î i
(40) Ī ī iː
(41) Ĩ ĩ ĩ
(42) J j ʒ
(43) Ĵ ĵ ʑ
(44) ᴶ ʲ −, turns to ' after declension
(45) K k k
(46) Ǩ ǩ q͡x
(47) Ķ ķ c̠
(48) L l l
(49) Ĺ ĺ ɫ
(50) Ł ł ʎ
(51) Ļ ļ ɭ
(52) Ḽ ḽ l̩
(53) Ľ ľ ɫ̩
(54) M m m
(55) Ṁ ṁ m̩
(56) N n n
(57) Ń ń ɲ
(58) Ň ň ŋ
(59) Ŋ ŋ ŋ, turns to ŋg after declension but letter remains
(60) Ṇ ṇ ɴ
(61) Ṅ ṅ ɳ
(62) Ņ ņ n̩
(63) O o o
(64) Ȯ ȯ o
(65) Ō ō oː
(66) Ö ö œ
(67) Ø ø ø
(68) Ǫ ǫ ɜʊ̯
(69) P p p
(70) Q q q
(71) R r r
(72) Ř ř ɹ
(73) Ŕ ŕ ɽ
(74) Ŗ ŗ r̩
(75) Ṛ ṛ ɹ̩
(76) S s s
(77) Ş ş ʃ
(78) Ṣ ṣ sˤ
(79) Ṡ ṡ ʂ
(80) Ŝ ŝ ç
(81) T t t
(82) Ṯ ṯ θ
(83) Ṭ ṭ tˤ
(84) Ṫ ṫ ʈ
(85) Ț ț t͡ɕ
(86) ᵀ ᵗ h
(87) U u u
(88) Û û uː
(89) Ũ ũ ũ
(90) Ǔ ǔ ɯ
(91) Ü ü y
(92) Ů ů v, turns to f after declension but letter remains
(93) V v v
(94) W w w
(95) Ŵ ŵ ɸ
(96) Ẃ ẃ əw
(97) Ẁ ẁ ew
(98) Ẇ ẇ v̩
(99) ᵂ ʷ ʷ
(100) X x x
(101) Ẍ ẍ x, turns to ɣ after declension but letter remains
(102) Ẋ ẋ ks
(103) Y y j
(104) ʸ ʲ
(105) Z z z
(106) Ż ż t͡s
(107) Ẓ ẓ ðˤ
(108) Ž ž d͡z
(109) Ẑ ẑ ʐ
(110) ʔ ɂ ʔ
(111) ʿ ʕ
The most important scripts with IPA Sound type Conscripts
Latin IPA IPA (also allowed to use) Arabic Tongtsehayi
Latin double*
(1) A a - a/ˑ/ː ا v
File:Hawari A.png
(2) Ã ã - ã اࣸ v
File:Hawari Ã.png
(3) Ȧ ȧ - a / ɛ (f) ا࣪ v
File:Hawari Ȧ.png
(4) Å å - a / - (f) ا࣫ v
File:Hawari Å.png
(5) Â â - ɒ/ˑ/ː اٚ v
File:Hawari Â.png
(6) Ậ ậ - ɔ اٚ࣪ v
File:Hawari Ậ.png
(7) Ẫ ẫ - ɔ̃ اࣷ v
File:Hawari Ẫ.png
(8) Ā ā - æ/ˑ ەٙ v
File:Hawari Ā.png
(9) Ä ä - æː ەٙٙ v
File:Hawari Ä.png
(10) Ă ă Ăă ăă ɐ̯ اٛ s
File:Hawari Ă.png
(11) B b Bb bb b ب c
Hawari B.png
(12) Bʰ bʰ Bh bh bʱ ٻ c
File:Hawari Bʰ.png
(13) C c Dc dc d͡ʒ ج c
Hawari C.png
(14) Cʰ cʰ Ch ch d͡ʒʱ ڃ c
File:Hawari Cʰ.png
(15) Ç ç Tş tş t͡ʃ چ c
Hawari Ç.png
(16) Çʰ çʰ Çh çh t͡ʃʰ ڇ c
File:Hawari Çʰ.png
(17) Č č - .ʃt / ʃt. ڄ c
Hawari Č.png
(18) Ć ć - .st / st. ڜ c
Hawari Ć.png
(19) D d Ḓ ḓ d د c
Hawari D.png
(20) Dʰ dʰ Dh dh dʱ ڌ c
File:Hawari Dʰ.png
(21) Ḓ ḓ - dˑ دّ c
File:Hawari Ḓ.png
(22) Đ đ Ðđ đđ ð ذ c
Hawari Đ.png
(23) Đʰ đʰ Đh đh ðʰ ڍ c
File:Hawari Đʰ.png
(24) Ď ď Dđ dđ d͡ð دٚ c
Hawari Ď.png
(25) Ḍ ḍ Ḍḍ ḍḍ dˤ ڊ / ض c
Hawari Ḍ.png
(26) Ḋ ḋ Ḋḋ ḋḋ ɖ ډ c
Hawari Ḋ.png
(27) Ḑ ḑ Dĵ dĵ d͡ʑ دٛ c
File:Hawari Ḑ.png
(28) E e - ɛ/ˑ/ː ە v
File:Hawari E.png
(29) Ė ė - ɛ / - (f) ە࣪ v
File:Hawari Ė.png
(30) Ẽ ẽ - ẽ ەࣷ v
File:Hawari Ẽ.png
(31) Ê ê - e/ˑ/ː ێ v
File:Hawari Ê.png
(32) Ễ ễ - ẽ یࣸ v
File:Hawari Ễ.png
(33) Ë ë - ɯ̃ ەࣸ v
File:Hawari Ë.png
(34) -eh - ɛˑh / ɛj (f) / ɛt (f) ے i
File:Hawari Eh.png
(35) -êh - eˑh / ej (f) / et (f) ےٛ i
File:Hawari Êh.png
(36) F f Ff ff f ف c
Hawari F.png
(37) Fʰ fʰ Fh fh fʰ فٚ c
File:Hawari Fʰ.png
(38) G g Gg gg g گ c
Hawari G.png
(39) Gʰ gʰ Gh gh gʱ گٛ c
File:Hawari Gʰ.png
(40) Ĝ ĝ Ĝ ĝ ʁ̬ ڠ c
Hawari Ĝ.png
(41) Ǧ ǧ Ǧǧ ǧǧ ɣ غ c
Hawari Ǧ.png
(42) Ģ ģ Gĵ gĵ ɟ گٚ c
Hawari Ģ.png
(43) H h Hh hh h / j (f) / t (f) ھ i
Hawari H.png
(44) Hʰ hʰ Hhʰ hhʰ ɦ ھٚ c
File:Hawari Hʰ.png
(45) Ḧ ḧ Ḧḧ ḧḧ h ھْ c
Hawari Ḧ.png
(46) Ĥ ĥ Ĥĥ ĥĥ χ̬ ھٛ c
Hawari Ĥ.png
(47) Ħ ħ Ħħ ħħ ħ ح c
Hawari Ħ.png
(48) I i - ə/ˑ/ː ۀ v
File:Hawari I.png
(49) Į į - ə / - (f) ۀٚ࣪ c
File:Hawari Į.png
(50) Ǐ ǐ Ǐy ǐy ə(ˑ)j ə=>ɯ ۀی s
File:Hawari Ǐ.png
(51) Î î - i/ˑ ی v
File:Hawari Î.png
(52) Ī ī - iː یٙٙ v
File:Hawari Ī.png
(53) Ï ï Ïy ïy ɪ(ˑ)j یٙ s
File:Hawari Ï.png
(54) Îy îy Îyy îyy i(ˑ)j ؽ s
File:Hawari Îy.png
(55) J j Jj jj ʒ ژ c
Hawari J.png
(56) Jʰ jʰ Jh jh ʒʱ ڙ c
File:Hawari Jʰ.png
(57) ᴶ ʲ - - ٖ c
File:Hawari ᴶ.png
(58) Ĵ ĵ Ĵĵ ĵĵ ʑ ږ c
Hawari Ĵ.png
(59) K k Kk kk k ک c
Hawari K.png
(60) Kʰ kʰ Kh kh kʰ ڪ c
File:Hawari Kʰ.png
(61) Ǩ ǩ Qx qx / Kx kx q͡x / k͡x (d) ڳ c
Hawari Ǩ.png
(62) Ķ ķ Ks ks .ks / ks. ګ c
Hawari Ķ.png
(63) Ḳ ḳ Kŝ kŝ c کٚ c
Hawari Ḳ.png
(64) L l Ll ll l ل c
Hawari L.png
(65) Lʰ lʰ Lh lh lʰ ࢦ c
File:Hawari Lʰ.png
(66) Ĺ ĺ Ĺĺ ĺĺ ɫ ڵ c
Hawari Ĺ.png
(67) Ł ł ly ly ʎ ݪ c
File:Hawari Ł.png
(68) Ļ ļ Ļ ļ ɭ ڶ c
Hawari Ļ.png
(69) Ḽ ḽ - ɫ̩ / ə̆ɫ (d) ڵْ m
Hawari Ḽ.png
(70) Ľ ľ - l̩ لْ m
Hawari Ľ.png
(71) M m Mm mm m م c
Hawari M.png
(72) Mʰ mʰ Mh mh mʰ مٚ c
File:Hawari Mʰ.png
(73) Ḿ ḿ My my mʲ مِ c
File:Hawari Ḿ.png
(74) N n Ṋ ṋ n ن c
Hawari N.png
(75) Nʰ nʰ Nh nh nʱ ڹ c
File:Hawari Nʰ.png
(76) Ń ń Ńy ńy ɲ ڼ c
File:Hawari Ń.png
(77) Ň ň Ňň ňň ŋ ݩ c
Hawari Ň.png
(78) Ŋ ŋ Ňŋ ňŋ ŋ (fin) / ŋg (int, med) ݩْ c
Hawari Ŋ.png
(79) Ṋ ṋ nˑ - نّ c
File:Hawari Ṋ.png
(80) Ṇ ṇ Ṇ ṇ ɴ نࣷ c
Hawari Ṇ.png
(81) Ṅ ṅ Ṅ ṅ ɳ نࣸ c
Hawari Ṅ.png
(82) Ņ ņ - n̩ نْ m
Hawari Ņ.png
(83) O o - o/ˑ ۆ v
File:Hawari O.png
(84) Ō ō - oː ۆٙ v
File:Hawari Ō.png
(85) Ȯ ȯ - o / - (f) ۆ࣪ v
File:Hawari Ȯ.png
(86) Õ õ - õ وࣸ v
File:Hawari Õ.png
(87) Ô ô Ôw ôw ɔw ۈ s
File:Hawari Ô.png
(88) Ö ö - œ ۏ v
File:Hawari Ö.png
(89) Ø ø - ø ۋ v
File:Hawari Ø.png
(90) Ǫ ǫ Ǫw ǫw əʊ̯ وࣺ s
File:Hawari Ǫ.png
(91) P p Pp pp p پ c
Hawari P.png
(92) Pʰ pʰ Ph ph pʰ ڀ c
File:Hawari Pʰ.png
(93) Q q Qq qq q ق c
Hawari Q.png
(94) R r Rr rr r ر c
Hawari R.png
(95) Rr rr Rrr rrr r ڕ c
File:Hawari Rr.png
(96) Rʰ rʰ Rh rh ɾʰ رٛ c
File:Hawari Rʰ.png
(97) Ř ř Řř řř ɹ ڒ c
Hawari Ř.png
(98) Řʰ řʰ Řh řh ɹʱ رࣸ c
File:Hawari Řʰ.png
(99) Ŕ ŕ Řŕ řŕ ɽ / ʀ ړ c
Hawari Ŕ.png
(100) Ŗ ŗ Ŗr ŗr r̩ رْ m
Hawari Ŗ.png
(101) Ṛ ṛ Ṛř ṛř ɹ̩ ڒ࣪ m
Hawari Ṛ.png
(102) S s Ss ss s س c
Hawari S.png
(103) Sʰ sʰ Sh sh sʰ ښ c
File:Hawari Sʰ.png
(104) Ş ş Şş şş ʃ ش c
Hawari Ş.png
(105) Şʰ şʰ Şh şh ʃʰ ݜ c
File:Hawari Şʰ.png
(106) Ṣ ṣ Ṣṣ ṣṣ sˤ ص c
Hawari Ṣ.png
(107) Ṡ ṡ Ṡṡ ṡṡ ʂ سٚ c
Hawari Ṡ.png
(108) Ŝ ŝ Ŝŝ ŝŝ ç ݾ c
Hawari Ŝ.png
(109) Š š Şç şç ʃt͡ʃ. / .ʃt͡ʃ ڛ c
Hawari Š.png
(110) T t Ť ť t ت c
Hawari T.png
(111) Ť ť Ťt ťt tˑ (l) تّ c
File:Hawari Ť.png
(112) Tʰ tʰ Th th tʰ ٿ c
File:Hawari Tʰ.png
(113) Ṯ ṯ Ṯṯ ṯṯ θ ث c
Hawari Ṯ.png
(114) Ṭ ṭ Ṭṭ ṭṭ tˤ ط c
Hawari Ṭ.png
(115) Ṫ ṫ Ṫṫ ṫṫ ʈ ټ c
Hawari Ṫ.png
(116) ᵀ ᵗ - h (fin) / - (fin, d) / t (med) ة c
File:Hawari ᵀ.png
(117) Ț ț Tŝ tŝ t͡ɕ تٛ c
File:Hawari Ț.png
(118) U u - u و v
File:Hawari U.png
(119) Û û - uˑ/ː ۉ v
File:Hawari Û.png
(120) Ũ ũ - ũ وࣷ v
File:Hawari Ũ.png
(121) Ü ü - y/ˑ/ː ۊ v
File:Hawari Ü.png
(122) Ů ů Ůf ůf / ův ův f (fin), v (med) ࢫ c
Hawari Ů.png
(123) Ǔ ǔ - ɯ/ˑ/ː وٙٙ v
File:Hawari Ǔ.png
(124) V v Vv vv v ڤ c
Hawari V.png
(125) Vʰ vʰ Vh vh vʱ ڤٚ c
File:Hawari Vʰ.png
(126) W w Ww ww w و s
Hawari W.png
(127) Ŵ ŵ Ŵŵ ŵŵ ɸ ۄ c
Hawari Ŵ.png
(128) Ẃ ẃ Iww iww ɯw ڡ c
File:Hawari Ẃ.png
(129) Ẁ ẁ Êww êww ew ڡٚ c
File:Hawari Ẁ.png
(130) Ẇ ẇ Ẇv ẇv v̩ ڡٙ m
Hawari Ẇ.png
(131) Wu wu - wu وُ v
File:Hawari Wu.png
(132) ᵂ ʷ - ʷ ٝ c
File:Hawari ᵂ.png
(133) X x Xx xx x خ c
Hawari X.png
(134) Ẍ ẍ Ẍx ẍx / Ẍǧ ẍǧ x (fin), ɣ (med) غْ c
Hawari Ẍ.png
(135) Ẋ ẋ Ẋs ẋs ks ــٛٚـ c
Hawari Ẋ.png
(136) Y y Yy yy j ی s
Hawari Y.png
(137) Yî yî - ji/ˑ یِ v
File:Hawari Yî.png
(138) ʸ ʸ - ʲ ِ c
File:Hawari ʸ.png
(139) Z z Zz zz z ز c
Hawari Z.png
(140) Zʰ zʰ Zh zh zʱ ڗ c
File:Hawari Zʰ.png
(141) Ż ż Ts ts t͡s ځ c
Hawari Ż.png
(142) Ẓ ẓ Ẓẓ ẓẓ zˤ ظ c
Hawari Ẓ.png
(143) Ž ž Dz dz d͡z څ c
Hawari Ž.png
(144) Ẑ ẑ Ẑẑ ẑẑ ʐ ژࣺ c
Hawari Ẑ.png
(145) ʔ ɂ ʔɂ ɂɂ ʔ ئ c
Hawari ʔ.png
(146) ʿ ʿ ʿʿ ʕ ع c
Hawari ʿ.png

Grammar
Gramatîk
گراماتیک

Personal pronouns

Singular Plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Masc. Fem. Neutr. Impers. Plur. Polite.
(English) I you (sing.) he she it you (impers.) we you (plur.) you (pol.) they
Nominative āz
ئەٙز		 tû
تۉ		 ew
ئەو		 we
وە		 to
تۆ		 ûn
ئۉن		 em
ئەم		 şomâ
شۆماٚ		 hûn
ھۉن		 unhâ
ئونھاٚ
Dative minêh
مۀنےٛ		 tebîʲ
تەبیٖ		 êwār
ئێوەٙر		 îwār
ئیوەٙر		 tiwār
تۀوەٙر		 ûnêh
ئۉنےٛ		 emêh
ئەمےٛ		 şomâyêh
شۆماٚیےٛ		 hinêh
ھۀنےٛ		 unhâyêh
ئۉنھاٚیےٛ
Accusative minu
مۀنو		 tā
تەٙ		 êwān
ئێوەٙن		 îwān
ئیوەٙن		 tʷān
تٝەٙن		 ûnu
ئۉنو		 emu
ئەمو		 şomâyu
شۆماٚیو		 hinâ
ھۀناٚ		 unhâyu
ئونھاٚیو
Possessive min
مۀن		 tvậy
تڤاٚ࣪ی		 ewîn
ئەوین		 îwîn
ئیوین		 tiwîn
تۀوین		 ńegov
ڼەگۆڤ		 mâ
ماٚ		 şimîn
شۀمین		 hûnem
ھۉنەم		 ńîĥov
ڼیھٛۆڤ

Nouns

Declension of Nouns

Ending with a semi- or consonant besides h, ǐ, ï and y
Entire Word
Singular Plural
Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3 Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3
Nominative - -o
ۆ-		 -a
ا-		 -ê
ێ-		 -ân
اٚن-		 -âno
اٚنۆ-		 -âna
اٚنا-		 -ânê
اٚنێ-
Dative -êh
ےٛ-		 -êo
ێٮۆ-		 -êa
ێٮا-		 -êê
ێٮێ-		 -ânêh
اٚنےٛ-		 -ânêo
اٚنێٮۆ-		 -ânêa
اٚنێٮا-		 -ânêê
اٚنێٮێ-
Accusative -u
و-		 -uo
وٮۆ-		 -ua
وٮا-		 -uê
وٮێ-		 -ânu
اٚنو-		 -ânuo
اٚنوٮۆ-		 -anua
اٚنوٮا-		 -ânuê
اٚنوٮێ-
(((Stem)))
Singular Plural
Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3 Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3
Nominative
Dative
Accusative
Ending with an n
Entire Word
Singular Plural
Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3 Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3
Nominative - -o
ۆ-		 -a
ا-		 -ê
ێ-		 -hâ
ھاٚ-		 -hâo
ھاٚٮۆ-		 -hâa
ھاٚٮا-		 -hâê
ھاٚٮێ-
Dative -êh
ےٛ-		 -êo
ێٮۆ-		 -êa
ێٮا-		 -êê
ێٮێ-		 -hâyêh
ھاٚیےٛ-		 -hâyo
ھاٚیۆ-		 -hâya
ھاٚیا-		 -hâyê
ھاٚیێ-
Accusative -u
و-		 -uyo
وٮۆ-		 -ua
وٮا-		 -uê
وٮێ-		 -hâyu
ھاٚیو-		 -hâwo
ھاٚوۆ-		 -hâwa
ھاٚوا-		 -hâwê
ھاٚوێ-
Ending with a vowel

The following vowels let a noun be declined like the chart down below shows: ã, â, ẫ, ậ, ä, e, ẽ, ë, ī, õ, ö, ø, ũ, û

Entire Word
Singular Plural
Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3 Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3
Nominative - -yo
یۆ-		 -ya
یا-		 -yê
یێ-		 -yân
یاٚن-		 -yâno
یاٚنۆ-		 -yâna
یاٚنا-		 -yânê
یاٚنێ-
Dative -yêh
یےٛ-		 -yêo
یێٮۆ-		 -yêa
یێٮا-		 -yêê
یێٮێ-		 -yânêh
یاٚنےٛ-		 -yânêo
یاٚنێٮۆ-		 -yânêa
یاٚنێٮا-		 -yânêê
یاٚنێٮێ-
Accusative -yu
یو-		 -yuo
یوٮۆ-		 -yua
یوٮا-		 -yuê
یوٮێ-		 -yânu
یاٚنو-		 -yânuo
یاٚنوٮۆ-		 -yânua
یاٚنوٮا-		 -yânuê
یاٚنوٮێ-
Ending with a y
Entire Word
Singular Plural
Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3 Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3
Nominative - -o
ۆ-		 -a
ا-		 -ê
ێ-		 -ân
اٚن-		 -âno
اٚنۆ-		 -âna
اٚنا-		 -ânê
اٚنێ-
Dative -êh
ےٛ-		 -êo
ێٮۆ-		 -êa
ێٮا-		 -êê
ێٮێ-		 -ânêh
اٚنےٛ-		 -ânêo
اٚنێٮۆ-		 -ânêa
اٚنێٮا-		 -ânêê
اٚنێٮێ-
Accusative -u
و-		 -uo
وٮۆ-		 -ua
وٮا-		 -uê
وٮێ-		 -ânu
اٚنو-		 -ânuo
اٚنوٮۆ-		 -ânua
اٚنوٮا-		 -ânuê
اٚنوٮێ-
Ending with an h
Except final h
Singular Plural
Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3 Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3
Nominative - -yo
یۆ-		 -ya
یا-		 -yê
یێ-		 -yân
یاٚن-		 -yâno
یاٚنۆ-		 -yâna
یاٚنا-		 -yânê
یاٚنێ-
Dative -yêh
یےٛ-		 -yêo
یێٮۆ-		 -yêa
یێٮا-		 -yêê
یێٮێ-		 -yânêh
یاٚنےٛ-		 -yânêo
یاٚنێٮۆ-		 -yânêa
یاٚنێٮا-		 -yânêê
یاٚنێٮێ-
Accusative -yu
یو-		 -yuo
یوٮۆ-		 -yua
یوٮا-		 -yuê
یوٮێ-		 -yânu
یاٚنو-		 -yânuo
یاٚنوٮۆ-		 -yânua
یاٚنوٮا-		 -yânuê
یاٚنوٮێ-
When the two last consonants are y and h (with a vowel between them), or also for nouns ending with ᵗ
Except final h/ᵗ
Singular Plural
Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3 Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3
Nominative - -to
تۆ-		 -ta
تا-		 -tê
تێ-		 -tân
تاٚن-		 -tâno
تاٚنۆ-		 -tâna
تاٚنا-		 -tânê
تاٚنێ-
Dative -têh
تےٛ-		 -têo
تێٮۆ-		 -têa
تێٮا-		 -têê
تێٮێ-		 -tânêh
تاٚنےٛ-		 -tânêo
تاٚنێٮۆ-		 -tânêa
تاٚنێٮا-		 -tânêê
تاٚنێٮێ-
Accusative -tu
تو-		 -tuo
تویۆ-		 -tua
تویا-		 -tuê
تویێ-		 -tânu
تاٚنو-		 -tânuo
تاٚنویۆ-		 -tânua
تاٚنویا-		 -tânuê
تاٚنویێ-
-ȧ(-)
Entire Word
Singular Plural
Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3 Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3
Nominative - -a-o
ا-ۆ-		 -e-a
ە-ا-		 -a-ê
ا-ێ-		 -e-ân
ە-اٚن-		 -e-âno
ە-اٚنۆ-		 -e-âna
ە-اٚنا-		 -e-ânê
ە-اٚنێ-
Dative -a-êh
ا-ےٛ-		 -a-êo
ا-ێٮۆ-		 -a-êa
ا-ێٮا-		 -a-êê
ا-ێٮێ-		 -e-ânêh
ە-اٚنےٛ		 -e-ânêo
ە-اٚنێٮۆ-		 -e-ânêa
ە-اٚنێٮا-		 -e-ânêê
ە-اٚنێٮێ
Accusative -e-u
ە-و-		 -e-uo
ە-وٮۆ-		 -e-uya
ە-وٮا-		 -e-uê
ە-وٮێ-		 -e-ânu
ە-اٚنو-		 -e-ânuo
ە-اٚنوٮۆ-		 -e-ânua
ە-اٚنوٮا-		 -e-ânuê
ە-اٚنوٮێ

If the letter after the ȧ is nothing, an h, ʸ, ǐ or ï, the "y" shown in the last chart turns into t.

Other rules

Ǐ turns to iy, ï to ïy, ô to ậw, ǫ to öw, ẃ to iw, ẁ to êw, č to şt and ć to st, when being the final letter of an unflexed word. When the last vowel is å, ė, į or ȯ, it disappears in the flexed form of a word.

Verbs

Every verb is declined regularly except of îmü (between to have and to be) and morü (to be).

Personal Pronouns Indicative
Present Past Future Future Perfect
Standard Simplified Standard Simplified
Āz
ئەٙز 		-o
ۆ-		 -obû
ۆبۉ-		 ço -ü
چۆ -ۊ		 dêʲ -o
دێٖ -ۆ		 ço -übû
چۆ -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ -obû
دیٖ -ۆبۉ
Tû
تۉ 		-ê
ێ-		 -îbû
یبۉ/-یِبۉ-		 çê -ü
چە -ۊ		 dêʲ -ê
دێٖ -ێ		 çê -übû
چێ -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ -îbû
دێٖ -یبۉ/دێٖ -یِبۉ
Ew/We/To/Ûn
ئەو/وە/تۆ/ئۉن 		-ā
ەٙ-		 -ābû
ەٙبۉ-		 çā -ü
چەٙ -ۊ		 dêʲ -ā
دێٖ -ەٙ		 çā -übû
چەٙ -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ -ābû
دێٖ -ەٙبۉ
Em
ئەم 		-âm
اٚم-		 -âbûn
اٚبۉن-		 çâm -ü
چاٚم -ۊ		 dêʲ -âm
دێٖ -اٚم		 çâm -übûn
چاٚم -ۊبۉن		 dêʲ -âbûn
دێٖ -اٚبۉن
Şomâ/Hûn
شۆماٚ/ھۉن 		-in
ۀن-		 -îbûn
یبۉن/-یِبۉن		 çøn -ü
چۋن -ۊ		 dêʲ -in
دێٖ -ۀن		 çøn -übûn
چۋن -ۊبۉن		 dêʲ -îbûn
دێٖ -یبۉن/-یِبۉن
Ûnhâ
ئۉنھاٚ 		-ānd
ەٙند-		 -ābûn
ەٙبۉن-		 çøn -ü
چۋن -ۊ		 dêʲ -ānd
دێٖ -ەٙند		 çøn -übûn
چۋن -ۊبۉن		 dêʲ -ābûn
دێٖ -ەٙبۉن
Personal Pronouns Optative, Subjunctive, Jussive
Present Past Future Future Perfect
Standard Simplified Standard Simplified
Āz
ئەٙز 		bi-o
بۀ-ۆ		 bi-obû
بۀ-ۆبۉ		 biço -ü
بۀچۆ -ۊ		 dêʲ bi-o
دێٖ بۀ-ۆ		 biço -übû
بۀچۆ -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ bi-obû
دێٖ بۀ-ۆبۉ
Tû
تۉ 		bi-ê
بۀ-ێ		 bi-îbû
بۀ-یبۉ		 biçê -ü
بۀچێ -ۊ		 dêʲ bi-ê
دێٖ بۀ-ێ		 biçê -übû
بۀچێ -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ bi-îbû
دێٖ بۀ-یبۉ
Ew/We/To/Ûn
ئەو/وە/تۆ/ئۉن 		bi-ā
بۀ-ەٙ		 bi-ābû
بۀ-ەٙبۉ		 biçā -ü
بۀچەٙ -ۊ		 dêʲ bi-ā
دێٖ بۀ-ەٙ		 biçā -übû
بۀچەٙ -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ bi-ābû
دێٖ بۀ-ەٙبۉ
Em
ئەم 		bi-âm
بۀ-اٚم		 bi-âbûn
بۀ-اٚبۉن		 biçâm -ü
بۀچاٚم -ۊ		 dêʲ bi-âm
دێٖ بۀ-اٚم		 biçâm -übûn
بۀچاٚم -ۊبۉن		 dêʲ bi-âbûn
دێٖ بۀ-اٚبۉن
Şomâ/Hûn
شۆماٚ/ھۉن 		bi-in
بۀ-ۀن		 bi-îbûn
بۀ-یبۉن		 biçøn -ü
بۀچۋن -ۊ		 dêʲ bi-in
دێٖ بۀ-ۀن		 biçøn -übûn
بۀچۋن -ۊبۉن		 dêʲ bi-îbûn
دێٖ بۀ-یبۉن
Ûnhâ
ئۉنھاٚ 		bi-ānd
بۀ-ەٙند		 bi-ābûn
بۀ-ەٙبۉن		 biçøn -ü
بۀچۋن -ۊ		 dêʲ bi-ānd
دێٖ بۀ-ەٙند		 biçøn -übûn
بۀچۋن -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ bi-ābûn
دێٖ بۀ-ەٙبۉن

Here the negated forms:

Personal Pronouns Indicative
Present Past Future Future Perfect
Standard Simplified Standard Simplified
Āz
ئەٙز 		nā -o
نەٙ -ۆ		 nā -obû
نەٙ -ۆبۉ		 nāço -ü
نەٙچۆ -ۊ		 dêʲ nā -o
دێٖ نەٙ -ۆ		 nāço -übû
نەٙچۆ -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ nā -obû
دێٖ نەٙ -ۆبۉ
Tû
تۉ 		nā -ê
نەٙ -ێ		 nā -îbû
نەٙ -یبۉ		 nāçê -ü
نەٙچێ -ۊ		 dêʲ nā -ê
دێٖ نەٙ -ێ		 nāçê -übû
نەٙچێ -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ nā -îbû
دێٖ نەٙ -یبۉ
Ew/We/To/Ûn
ئەو/وە/تۆ/ئۉن 		nā -ā
نەٙ -ەٙ		 nā -ābû
نەٙ-ەٙبۉ		 nāçā -ü
نەٙچەٙ -ۊ		 dêʲ nā -ā
دێٖ نەٙ -ەٙ		 nāçā -übû
نەٙچەٙ -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ nā -ābû
دێٖ نەٙ -ەٙبۉ
Em
ئەم 		nā-âm
نەٙ -اٚم		 nā -âbûn
نەٙ -اٚبۉن		 nāçâm -ü
نەٙچاٚم -ۊ		 dêʲ nā -âm
دێٖ نەٙ -اٚم		 nāçâm -übûn
نەٙچاٚم -ۊبۉن		 dêʲ nā -âbûn
دێٖ نەٙ -اٚبۉن
Şomâ/Hûn
شۆماٚ/ھۉن 		nā -in
نەٙ -ۀن		 nā -îbûn
نەٙ -یبۉن		 nāçøn -ü
نەٙچۋن -ۊ		 dêʲ nā -in
دێٖ نەٙ -ۀن		 nāçøn -übûn
نەٙچۋن -ۊبۉن		 dêʲ nā -îbûn
دێٖ نەٙ -یبۉن
Ûnhâ
ئۉنھاٚ 		nā -ānd
نەٙ -ەٙند		 nā -ābûn
نەٙ -ەٙبۉن		 nāçøn -ü
نەٙچۋن -ۊ		 dêʲ nā -ānd
دێٖ نەٙ -ەٙند		 nāçøn -übûn
نەٙچۋن -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ nā -ābûn
دێٖ نەٙ -ەٙبۉن
Personal Pronouns Optative, Subjunctive, Jussive
Present Past Future Future Perfect
Standard Simplified Standard Simplified
Āz
ئەٙز 		binā -o
بۀنەٙ -ۆ		 binā -obû
بۀنەٙ -ۆبۉ		 bināço -ü
بۀنەٙچۆ -ۊ		 dêʲ binā -o
دێٖ بۀنەٙ -ۆ		 bināço -übû
بۀنەٙچۆ -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ binā -obû
دێٖ بۀنەٙ -ۆبۉ
Tû
تۉ 		binā -ê
بۀنەٙ -ێ		 binā -îbû
بۀنەٙ -یبۉ		 bināçê -ü
بۀنەٙچێ -ۊ		 dêʲ binā -ê
دێٖ بۀنەٙ -ێ		 bināçê -übû
بۀنەٙچێ -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ binā -îbû
دێٖ بۀنەٙ -یبۉ
Ew/We/To/Ûn
ئەو/وە/تۆ/ئۉن 		binā -ā
بۀنەٙ -ەٙ		 binā -ābû
بۀنەٙ-ەٙبۉ		 bināçā -ü
بۀنەٙچەٙ -ۊ		 dêʲ binā -ā
دێٖ بۀنەٙ -ەٙ		 bināçā -übû
بۀنەٙچەٙ -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ binā -ābû
دێٖ بۀنەٙ -ەٙبۉ
Em
ئەم 		binā-âm
بۀنەٙ -اٚم		 binā -âbûn
بۀنەٙ -اٚبۉن		 bināçâm -ü
بۀنەٙچاٚم -ۊ		 dêʲ binā -âm
دێٖ بۀنەٙ -اٚم		 bināçâm -übûn
بۀنەٙچاٚم -ۊبۉن		 dêʲ binā -âbûn
دێٖ بۀنەٙ -اٚبۉن
Şomâ/Hûn
شۆماٚ/ھۉن 		binā -in
بۀنەٙ -ۀن		 binā -îbûn
بۀنەٙ -یبۉن		 bināçøn -ü
بۀنەٙچۋن -ۊ		 dêʲ binā -in
دێٖ بۀنەٙ -ۀن		 bināçøn -übûn
بۀنەٙچۋن -ۊبۉن		 dêʲ binā -îbûn
دێٖ بۀنەٙ -یبۉن
Ûnhâ
ئۉنھاٚ 		binā -ānd
بۀنەٙ -ەٙند		 binā -ābûn
بۀنەٙ -ەٙبۉن		 bināçøn -ü
بۀنەٙچۋن -ۊ		 dêʲ binā -ānd
دێٖ بۀنەٙ -ەٙند		 bināçøn -übûn
بۀنەٙچۋن -ۊبۉ		 dêʲ binā -ābûn
دێٖ بۀنەٙ -ەٙبۉن

For the Conjunctive mood, you conjugate the verb "zerikü / زەرۀکـــۊ", while you then use one of the infinitive forms for the next verb. For example:

"He said that you weren't speaking Hawari, is that true?

in Hawari there are two possibilities, either:

"Ew goftābû ke tû nā prîçê zimânuya Ħāwārî, że taʲ? ئەو گۆفتەٙبۉ کە تۉ نەٙ پریچێ زۀماٚنویا حەٙوەٙری، ځە تاٖ؟"

or also:

"Ew goftābû tû nā zerikê prîçü zimânuya Ħāwārî, że taʲ? ئەو گۆفتەٙبۉ تۉ نەٙ زەرۀکێ پریچۊ زۀماٚنویا حەٙوەٙری، ځە تاٖ؟"

Prepositions
Prepozîżʸonhâ
پرەپۆزیځِۆنھاٚ

In the Hawari language, there are a few kinds of prepositions. If a preposition has at least two syllables, ending with an -i / ۀ-, the object is formed through the accusative case. Many syllables + ending with an -a, -ê or -o / ا، -ێ، -ۆ-, are followed by an object in its possessive case.


Xort ji jinêh dovtābû pārâyuta nîdî, îwār şukri. => The boy received the needed money from a woman, thanking her.

Li kĺasêyo min, yāk ħār zârok utîĺîzā iPhone'u. => In my class, every single child uses an iPhone.


Here is a list of some prepositions with its needed case.

Preposition Needed Case Example
ʿam
عاٛم
with 		Dative I am playing with my friend.
Āz ām elîsti ʿam ħāvâlêo min.
bî
بی
about 		Accusative The kid is talking about his teacher.
Zarok âxâftā bî uçîtełømua tʷîn.
bo
بۆ
for 		Accusative You have to study hard for good grades at school, Dan.
Tû mârê dārsü zorî bo notânua bâşî li dārsgeyêh, Den.
çimka
چۀمکاٛ
because of, through 		Possessive Dan is happy because of the good results of his exams.
Den ā xoşî çimka resultâna bâşîya kĺawzûrân.
êẋept
ئێګەپت
except 		Depends I hate all of you except Alan.
Āz ħār şomâu mirzo êẋept tā, Eĺin.
ji
ژۀ
from, by 		Dative I originate from Sweden.
Āz ām ji Sverîyeh.
ka
کاٛ
like 		Dative
ki
کۀ
than 		Depends on the case
of the other object
li
لۀ
in 		Dative / Accusative
lidʷey
لۀدٝەی
after or for (a person) 		Accusative
ligeĺ
لۀگەڵ
with, by 		Dative
liser
لۀسەر
on, onto 		Accusative
naj
ناژ
on 		Dative / Accusative
nax
ناخ
onto, to 		Accusative
ńemaga
ڼەماٛگاٛ
except of 		Possessive
pro
پرۆ
in favor of 		Dative
sẫ
ساࣷ
without 		Accusative
zi
زۀ
till 		Accusative
żirka
ځۀرکاٛ
near 		Possessive

Irregular Verbs
Verbâna Nā Reguĺî
ڤەرباٚنا نەٙ رێگوڵی

to be
morü
مۆرۊ

Personal Pronouns to be
Present Past Past Perfect Future Future Perfect
when it appears after a consonant an m an h a vowel Standard Simplified Standard Simplified
Āz
ئەٙز 		ām
ئەٙم		 mo
مۆ		 bûmo
بۉمۆ		 mābûmo
مەٙبۉمۆ		 ço morü
چۆ مۆرۊ		 dêʲ mo
دێٖ مۆ		 ço morübû
چۆ مۆرۊبۉ		 dêʲ mobû
دێٖ مۆبۉ
Tû
تۉ 		ê
ئێ		 yê
یێ		 bûyê
بۉیێ		 mābûyê
مەٙبۉیێ		 çê morü
چێ مۆرۊ		 dêʲ yê
دێٖ یێ		 çê morübû
چێ مۆرۊبۉ		 dêʲ bûyê
دێٖ بۉیێ
Ew/We/To/Ûn
ئەو/وە/تۆ/ئۉن 		ā
ئەٙ		 yā
یەٙ		 (y-)ābû
ئەٙبۉ/یەٙبۉ		 mābû
مەٙبۉ		 çā morü
چەٙ مۆرۊ		 dêʲ yā
دێٖ یەٙ		 çā morübû
چەٙ مۆرۊبۉ		 dêʲ yābû
دێٖ یەٙبۉ
Em
ئەم 		âm
ئاٚم		 o
ئۆ		 no
نۆ		 bûno
بۉنۆ		 mābûno
مەٙبۉنۆ		 çâm morü
چاٚم مۆرۊ		 dêʲ no
دێٖ نۆ		 çâm morübû
چاٚم مۆرۊبۉ		 dêʲ bûno
دێٖ بۉنۆ
Şomâ/Hûn
شۆماٚ/ھۉن 		in
ۀن		 çøn morü
چۋن مۆرۊ		 çøn morübû
چۋن مۆرۊبۉ
Ûnhâ
ئۉنھاٚ 		ānd
ئەٙند		 çøn morü
چۋن مۆرۊ		 çøn morübû
چۋن مۆرۊبۉ
Personal Pronouns to be
Present Past Past Perfect Future Future Perfect
Standard Simplified Standard Simplified
Āz
ئەٙز 		bim
بۀم		 bibûm
بۀبۉم		 mābim
مەٙبۀم		 biçûbem
بۀچۉبەم		 dêʲ bim
دێٖ بۀم		 biçûbûm
بۀچۉبۉم		 dêʲ bûm
دێٖ بۉم
Tû
تۉ 		bêyê
بێیێ		 bibûyê
بۀبۉیێ		 mābê
مەٙبێ		 biçûbê
بۀچۉبێ		 dêʲ bêyê
دێٖ بێیێ		 biçûyêbû
بۀچۆیێبۉ		 dêʲ bibûyê
دێٖ بۀبۉیێ
Ew/We/To/Ûn
ئەو/وە/تۆ/ئۉن 		bā
بەٙ		 bibûyā
بۀبۉیەٙ		 māye
مەٙیە		 biçûbā
بۀچۉبەٙ		 dêʲ bā
دێٖ بەٙ		 biçûyābû
بۀچۉیەٙبۉ		 dêʲ bibûyā
دێٖ بۀبۉیەٙ
Em
ئەم 		bîn
بین		 bibûn
بۀبۉن		 meyîn
مەیِن		 biçûbîn
بۀچۉبین		 dêʲ bîn
دێٖ بین		 biçûbûn
بۀچۉبۉن		 dêʲ bûn
دێٖ بۉن
Şomâ/Hûn
شۆماٚ/ھۉن 		bîne
بینە		 bibûne
بۀبۉنە		 meyîne
مەیِنە		 biçûbîne
بۀچۉبینە		 dêʲ bîne
دێٖ بینە		 biçûbûne
بۀچۉبۉنە		 dêʲ bûne
دێٖ بۉنە
Ûnhâ
ئۉنھاٚ 		bîn
بین		 bibûn
بۀبۉن		 meyîn
مەیِن		 biçûbîn
بۀچۉبین		 dêʲ bîn
دێٖ بین		 biçûbûn
بۀچۉبۉن		 dêʲ bûn
دێٖ بۉن

Vocabulary
Vokabuĺar
ڤۆکابوڵار

Swadesh list

# English
Îňĺîzî
ئیـݩڵــــیزٮــی		 Hawari
Ħāwārî
حـەٙوەٙرٮـــی		 Persian
Fârsî / فـاٚرسـی
(Romanized)		 Persian
Fârsî
فـاٚرسـی		 Hindi-Urdu
HÛU / ھ‌ۉ‌و
(Romanized)		 Hindi-Urdu
Hindî û Urdûyî
ھـۀندٮـی ئۉ ئـوردۉٮـیِ		 Pashto
Pâxtōyî
پـاٚختـۆۤٮـیِ		 Northern Kurdish
Kurmâncî
کـورمـاٚنجــی		 Sanskrit
Sanskrītî
سانســکریــۤـــتــی		 Sanskrit
Sanskrītî / سانســکریــۤــتــی
(Romanized)		 Romani
Românî
رۆمــــاٚنــــی		 Punjabi
Poncâbî / پۆنجـــاٚبـــی
(Gurmukhi Script and Romanized)		 Ossetian
Îrâvânî
ئیـــراٚڤــاٚنـــی		Bengali
Beŋalî / بەݩْالـــــی
1I āz
 man مَن maiṃ मैं
میں		 زه
zə		 min
ez		 अहम् aham me ਮੈਂ
main		 æз আমি
2thou tû
 to/tu تو tū
tum
āp		 तू
तुम
आप
تو
آپ		 ته
t̪ə		 tu त्वम् tvam
bhavant hon.		 tu ਤੂੰ
tūn		ды তুই
3we em
 māما ham हम
هَم		 موږ
muʐ/muŋg		 em
me		 वयम् vayam ame ਅਸੀਂ
asīn		махআমরা
4this īn
 inاین yeh
is		 यह
इस
یہ
اِس		 دا
d̪ɑ		 ev एतत् etat kado ਇਹ
ih		 уый
5that ḑâ
 ān آن voh
us		 वह
उस
وه
اُس		 هغه
haɣa 		ew तत् tat kodo ਉਹ
uh		 æй
6who kî
 ki کی kaun कौन څوک
t͡sok		 kî क ka kon ਕੌਣ
kaun		 чи
7what çi
 che/chi چِه kyā क्या
کیا		 څه
t͡sə		 çi किम् kim so ਕੀ
kī		 цы
8not nā
 na نَه nahīṃ नहीं
نہیں		 نه
na		 na
ne		 न na na ਨਹੀਂ
nahīn		 нæ
9all ħār
 hame/hama همه sab
sārā		 सब
सारा
سب
سارا		 ټول
ʈol		 hemû
giş
tev		 सर्व
निखिल		 sarva
nikhila		 sa ਸਭ
sabh		 иууылдæр
10 manygālāk/pirr
 besyār
bas		 بسیار
بس		 bahut
zyāda		 बहुत
ज़्यादा
بہت
زياده		 ډېر
ɖer		 gelek
pirr		 बहु bahu but ਬਹੁਤ
bahut		 бирæ
11one yāk
 yek/yak یک ek एक
ایک		 يو
jaw		 yek
êk		 एक eka jekh ਇੱਕ
ikk		 иу
12two do
 do دو do दो
دو		 دوه
d̪wa		 du द्वि dvi duj ਦੋ
do		 дыууæ
13big kābīrî / māznî
 bozorg بُزُرگ baṛā बड़ा
بڑا		 لوی
loi		 gir
mezin
gewre		 महन्त् mahant baro ਵੱਡਾ
vadda		 дынджыр
14long bālāndî
 boland بُلَند lambā लम्बा
لمبا		 اوږد
uʐ d̪/ug d̪/ugəd̪		 bilind दीर्घ dīrgha lungo ਲੰਬਾ
lamba		 даргъ
15small piçûkî
 kuchek کوچِک choṭā छोटा
چهوٹا		 وړکوټی / وړوکی
waɺ̢ukay / waɺ̢koʈay		 biçûk क्षुद्र kśudra cino ਛੋਟਾ
choṭa		 чысыл
16woman jin
 zan زَن aurat
nārī		 औरत
नारी
عورت		 ښځه
ʂəd͡za/xәd͡za		 jin
afret		 स्त्री strī ʒuvli ਜ਼ਨਾਨੀ
zanāni		 сылгоймаг
17man
(adult male)		 mārd
 mard مَرد ādmī
mard		 आदमी
मर्द
آدمی
مَرد		 سړی
saɺ̢ai		 mêr नर
पुरुष		 nara
purush		 mursh ਆਦਮੀ
ādami		 лæг
18man
(human being)		 însän / mirov (-øm)
 nafar
fard
shakhṣ
ensān
kas		 نَفَر
فَرد
شَخص
اِنسان
کَس		 vyakti
manuṣya
shakhs
insān		 व्यक्ति
मनुष्य
इनसान
انسان
شخص		 وګړى
wagәɺ̢ai 		mirov
meriv		 मानव
जन
मनुः		 manav
jana
manuḥ		 manuś ਮਨੁੱਖ
manukh		 адæймаг, also марддæг
19bird çivîk
 parande پَرَندِه pakśī
ciṛiyā
parindā		 पक्षी
चिड़िया
پرنده		 مرغۍ / مرغه
marγa / mәrγәi 		çivîk
balinde		 पक्षिन्
खग		 pakśin
khaga		 chiriklyi ਪੰਛੀ
panchhi		 цъиу
20dog qoçik
 sag سَگ kuttā कुत्ता
کتا		 سپی
spai		 seg
kûçik		 श्वन् śvan zhukel ਕੁੱਤਾ
kutta		 куыдз
21louse ŝʸipîşk
 shepesh شِپِش jūṃ जूँ
جوں		 سپږه
spәʐa/spәga		 sipî यूक yūka zhuv ਜੂੰ
jūn		 сыст
22tree ḍar
 derakht دِرَخت peṛ
darakht		 पेड़
درخت		 ونه
wəna		 dar तरु
वृक्ष		 taru
vṛkśa		 kasht ਦਰਖਤ
darakhat		 бæлас
23seed bezār
 dāne
tokhm		 دانِه|
تُخم		 bīj बीज زڼی
zəɳy		 tov
bizir		 बीज
वाप		 bīja
vaap		 sumburo ਬੀ
bi		 тауинаг
24leaf pêĺ
 barg بَرگ pattī
pattā		 पत्ती
पत्ता
پتى
پتا		 پاڼه
pɑɳa		 pêl पर्ण
पत्र		 parṇa
patra		 patrin ਪੱਤਾ
patta		 сыф
25root râw
 rishe ریشِه jaṛ जड़
جڑ		 ولۍ
wələi		 reh मूल
जट		 mūla
jat		 rikita ਜੜ
jar		 уидæг
26bark ǧâşik
 pust-e derakht پوستِ دِرَخت chāl छाल
چھال]		 برج
barj 		qaşik
qal		 वल्क valka korca ਛਿੱਲ
chhill		 рæйд
27skin pûć
 pust پوست tvacā
camṛā
chāl		 त्वचा
चमड़ा
छाल
چهال		 څرمن / پوستکی
t͡sarmən / post̪əkai 		çerm त्वचा
चर्मन्		 tvacha
carman		 morchi ਚਮੜੀ
chamri		 царм
28meat gusht goč
 گوشت māṃs
gosht		 मांस
گوشت		 غوښه
ɣwaʂa/ɣwaxa		 goşt मांस māṃsa mas ਮਾਸ
mās		 дзидза, also фыд
29blood xon
 khun خون rakt
khūn
lahū		 रक्त
ख़ून
लहू
خون		 وينه
wina		 xwîn रक्त
रुधिर
लोह		 rakta
rudhira
loha		 rat ਖੂਨ
khūn		 туг
30bone hāwkāy
 ostokhān اُستُخوان asthi
haḍḍi		 अस्थि
हड्डी
هڈى		 هډوکى
haɖukai		 hestî अस्थन्
हड्ड		 asthan
haDDa		 kokalo ਹੱਡੀ
haddi		 стæг
31fat (n.) qälįw
 rowghan
charbi		 رَوغَن
چَربی		 vasā वसा gwari qelew पुष्ट
स्थूल
मेद
पीवर		 puṣṭa
sthūla
meda
pivara		 thulo ਚਰਬੀ
charbi		 сой
32fire âẍir
 ātesh آتِش āg
agni		 आग
अग्नि
آگ		 اور
or		 agir अग्नि
अगिर		 agni
agira		 jag ਅੱਗ
agg		 арт
33egg ħêg
 tokhm تُخم aṇḍā अंडा
انڈا		 هګۍ
hagəi		 hêk अण्ड aṇḍa anro ਅੰਡਾ
anda		 айк
34horn xagir
 shākh شاخ sīṅg सींग ښکر
xkar/ʂkar		 qiloç शृङ्ग śṛṅga shing ਸਿੰਙ
sing		 сыкъа
35tail boże
 dom دُم pūñch
dum		 पूँछ
دم		 لکۍ
lakəj		 terî
boç		 पुच्छ puccha pori ਪੂੰਛ
pūnchh		 дымæг
36feather rāg
 par پَر paṅkh
par
پنكھ
پر		 पंख
पर		 بڼه
baɳa		 reg पिच्छ piccha por ਖੰਭ
khambh		 сис or пæкъуы
37fish māʿs / buļgog
 māhi ماهی machlī मछ्ली
مچهلى		 کب
kab		 masî मत्स्य
जलज		 matsya
jalaja		 masho ਮੱਛੀ
machchhi		 кæсаг
38hair por
 mu مو bāl
keś		 बाल
केश
بال		 weʂtə por
mû		 केशः
कुन्तर		 keśaḥ
kuntara		 bal ਵਾਲ
vāl		 хъуын
39head sār
 sar سَر sar सर
سر		 sar sar शीर्ष
मस्तक		 śīrṣa
mastaka		 shero ਸਿਰ
sir		 сæр
40ear goĥ
 gush گوش kān
gosh		 कान
کان
گوش		 غوږ guh कर्ण karṇa kan ਕੰਨ
kann		 хъус
41eye çâv
 cheshm چِشم āṅkh आँख
آنکه		 سترګه
starga		 çav नेत्र netra jakh ਅੱਖ
akkh		 цæст
42fingernail neynog
 nākhun ناخون nākhūn नाखून
ناخون		 nuk neynûk नख nakha vundya ਨਹੁੰ
nahun		 ных
43nose pōz
 damāgh
bini		 دَماغ
بینی		 nāk नाक
ناک		 pazə poz
lût		 नासा/नासिका
घ्राण		 nāsā/nāsikā
ghrāṇa		 nakh ਨੱਕ
nakk		 фындз
44mouth dāwik
 dahān دَهان mūṃh
mukh		 मूँह
मुख		 xwlə dev मुख mukha muj ਮੂੰਹ
mūnh		 ком, дзых
45tooth dent
 dandān دَندان dānt दाँत
دانت		 ɣɑʂ didan
diran		 दन्त danta dand ਦੰਦ
dand		 дæндæг
46tongue dîl (zimân is only used for “language”)
 zabān زَبان jībh
zabān		 जीभ
زبان		 ʒəba ziman जिह्वा jihva shib ਜੀਭ
jībh		 æвзаг
47foot pây
 pā پا pair पैर
پیر		 پښه / پاپۍ
papai/px̌a		 pê पाद pāda punro ਪੈਰ
pair		 фад
48knee zânnûy
 zānu زانو ghuṭnā घुटना
گهٹنا		 زنګون
zangun		 çok जानु
जातु		 jānu
jātu		 chang ਗੋਡਾ
goda		 уæраг, зоныг
49hand dāć
 dast دَست hāth हाथ
ہاتھ		 lɑs dest हस्त
भुज
कर		 hasta
bhuja
kara		 vast ਹੱਥ
hatth		 къух
50belly ziwik
 shekam شِکم peṭ पेट ګېډه‎
خېټه
نس		 zik उदर udara per ਢਿੱਡ
dhidd		 гуыбын
51neck gordōw
 gardan گَردَن galā
gardan		 गला
गर्दन
گردن		 اورمېږ gerden कण्ठ kaṇṭha korr ਗਰਦਨ
gardan		 æфцæг
52breast cîcîk
 pestān پِستان stan
chātī
sīnā		 स्तन
छाती
सीना		 غېږ pêsîr
çiçik		 स्तन
कुच
वक्षस्		 stana
kuca
vakśas		 chuchi ਛਾਤੀ
chhāti		 дзидзи
53heart dil / qalb
 del
qalb		 دِل
قَلب		 dil दिल
دل		 zɻə dil हृदय hṛdaya jilo ਦਿਲ
dil		 Зæрдæ
54liver cegār
 jegar جِگَر kalejā
jigar		 कलेजा
جگر		 اينه ceger यकृत् yakṛt buko ਜਿਗਰ
jigar
55drink şitü
 nushidan نوشیدَن pīnā पीना
پینا		 څښل vexwarin पा
पान
पितु		 pā
paan
pitu		 pijel
pīna		 нуазын
56eat boxü
 khordan خَوردَن khānā खाना
کهانا		 xwaɽal xwarin खाद्
भक्ष्
अद्		 khaad
bhaksha
ad		 xal
khāna		 хæрын
57bite gāzīdü
 gazidan گَزیدَن kāṭnā काटना چيچل
čičəl		 geztin ग्रास
खाद्		 gras
khād		 dindalel
kattna
58see dêhnü
 didan دیدَن dēkhnā देखना
دیکهنا		 ليدل dîtin दृश्
अव-लोक्
वेण्		 dṛś
ava-lok
veN		 dikhel
dekhna		 уынын
59hear şinîdü
 shenidan شِنیدَن sunnā सुनना
سننا		 اورول bihîştin श्रु śru ashunel
sunna		 хъусын
60know zânü
 dānestan دانِستَن jānnā जानना
جاننا		 peʒandal zanîn ज्ञा
विद्
वेण्		 jñā
vid
veN		 zhanel
jānna		 зонын
61sleep xāwtü
 khābidan خوابیدَن sonā सोना
سونا		 بيدېدل razan
xewtin		 स्वप्
शय
निद्रा		 svap
shaya
nidra		 sovel
sauna		 хуыссын
62die mirdü / umrü
 mordan مُردَن marnā मरना
مرنا		 məɽ kedal mirin मृ/म्रयति mṛ/mṛyati merel
marna		 мæлын
63kill koştü / ubîçü
 koshtan کشتَن mārnā मारना
مارنا		 wažəl / məɽ kawal kuştin हन्/हन्ति/हननं
मारयति		 han/hanti/hananaṃ
mārayati		 mudarel
mārna		 марын
64swim şinâyü
 shenā kardan شِنا کردَن tairnā तैरना
تیرنا		 لامبل ajnaberî lîstin
mele kirin		 तॄ/तरण
प्लु/प्लवण		 tṝ/taraṇa
plu/plavaṇa		 plemel
tairna		 ленк кæнын
65fly (v.) fārrü
 paridan پَریدَن uṛnā उड़ना الوتل
alwətəl		 firrîn पत्
उद्-डी		 pat
ud-dee		 ural uddna тæхын
66walk îǧü
 rāh raftan راه رَفتَن calnā
ṭahalnā		 चलना
टहलना		 ګرځېدل çûn चल्
चर्/चरति		 cal
car/carati		 phirel
turna		 тезгъо кæнын
67come wārü / ħâtü / âmādü
 āmadan آمَدَن ānā आना
آنا		 راتلل hatin आगम्
आगतः		 āgam
āgataḥ		 avel
auna		 цæуын
68lie dirêjü / gậḑînmaļgoftü / yālânü
 khābidan
derāz keshidan		 خوابيدن
دراز كشيدن		 leṭnā लेटना پرېوتل xwe dirêj kirin शी
शेते		 śī
shete		 pashlyol letna
69sit neshastan نِشَستَن baiṭhnā बैठना کښېنستل
kʂenəstəl		 rûniştin
danîşîn		 सद्/सीदति sad/sīdati beshel
baithna		 бадын
70stand râbü
 istādan
pā shodan		 پا شُدَن
ایستادَن		 khaṛā honā खड़ा होना درېدل rabûn
westîn		 स्था sthā tordyol
kharna		 лæууын
71give dâdü
 dādan دادَن denā देना
دینا		 ورکول dan दा dā del
dena		 дæттын
72say goftü
 goftan گُفتَن kahnā कहना
کہنا		 ويل
wəyəl		 gotin वद् vad phenel
kahina		 зæгъын
73sun rojāk,/ şāms
 khorshid
āftāb		 خورشید
آفتاب		 sūraj सूरज
سورج		 لمر/نمر/نور
lmar/nmar/nwar		 roj
xor		 सूर्य sūrya kham
sūraj		 хур
74moon qamar
 māh ماه cānd चांद
چاند		 سپوږمۍ
spoʐməi/spogməi		 meh
heyv		 चन्द्र candra shon
chand		 мæй
75star ćêr
 setāre سِتارِه tārā
sitārā		 तारा
सितारा		 ستورى
st̪orai		 stêr तारा tārā cherhaj
tāra		 стъæлы
76water âv
 āb آب pānī पानी
پانی		 اوبه
obə		 av जल jala paji
pāni		 дон
77rain bâr
 bārān باران bāriś बारिश
بارش		 شيګره
ʃigara		 baran वर्ष/वर्षा
वृष्टि
पर्जन्य		 varṣa/varṣā
vṛṣṭi
parjanya		 brishind
mīnh		 къавдæ, уарæн
78stone kẃr
 sang سَنگ patthar पत्थर
پتهر		 کاڼی
kɑɳai		 kevir
ber		 दृषद्
पाषाण
शिला
अश्मन्		 dṛṣad
pāṣāna
śilā
aśman		 barr
patthar		 дур
79sand qûm
 māseh ماسِه ret
bālū
maṭṭī		 रेत
बालू
مٹى		 شګه
ʃəga		 qum
rik		 वालुका vālukā kishaj
reta
80earth zāmīn / ārḍ
 zamin زَمین dhartī
bhūmi
zamīn		 धरती
भूमि
زَمین		 ځمکه
d͡zməka		 erd
xak		 भू/भूमि
पृथ्वी
धरा/धरित्री/धरणी		 bhū/bhūmi
pūśvī
dharā/dharitrī/dharaṇī		 phuv
dharti		 Зæхх
81cloud āwrżā
 abr اَبر bādal बादल
بادل		 اوريځ ewr मेघ
अभ्र
जलद
पयोद		 megha
abhra
jalada
payoda		 noro
baddal		 мигъ
82smoke simok
 dudدود dhuāṃ धुंआ لوګی
lugai 		dûxan
dûkel		 धूम dhūma thuv
dhūān
83ashes xolkestâr
 khākestar خاکستَر rākh राख ايرې
ire		 xwelî भस्मन् bhasman ushara
suāh
84burn aẍirü
 suzāndan (tr.)
suxtan (intr.)		 سوزاندَن
سوختَن		 jalnā (intr.)
jalānā (tr.)		 जलना
जलाना
جلنا
جلانا		 سوځېدل / سېځل
swad͡zawəl / sed͡zəl		 şewtî
sotîn		 दह्
ज्वल्		 dah
jyal		 phabol
sārna		 судзын
85road rûg
 rāh
jāde
khiābān		 راه saṛak सड़क
سڑک		 لار
lɑr		 rê पथ/पथन्
मार्ग		 patha/pathan
mārga		 drom
sarak		 фæндаг
86mountain xoʲ
 kuh کوه pahāṛ पहाड़
پہاڑ		 غر
γar		 çiya
sax		 पर्वत
गिरि
शैल		 parvata
giri
śaila		 plaj
pahār		 хох
87red sorî
 qermez
sorkh		 قِرمِز
سُرخ		 lāl लाल
لال		 سور
sur		 sor लोहित
रक्त
रोहित		 lohita
rakta
rohita		 lolo
lāl		 сырх
88green kāskî / sābzî
 sabz سَبز harā हरा
هرا		 شين
ʃin		 hêşîn
kesk		 हरि/हरित hari/harita zeleno
hara		 цъæх, кæрдæгхуыз
89yellow zêrî
 zard زَرد pīlā पीला
پیلا		 زېړ / ژېړ
zeɽ / ʒeɽ		 zer पीत pīta galbeno
pīla
90white sāfêdî
 sefid سِفید safed सफ़ेद
سِفید		 سپين
spin		 spî श्वेत
पाण्डु
शुभ्र		 śveta
pāṇḍu
śubhra		 parno
chitta		 урс
91black sîyâhî / rāşî
 siāh سیاه kālā काला
کالا		 تور
t̪or		 reş कृष्ण
काल
श्याम		 kṛṣṇa
kāla
śyāma		 kalo
kāla		 сау
92night şāv / gāceh
 shab شَب rāt/rātri रात/रात्रि
رات		 شپه
ʃpa		 şev रात्रि
रजनी
निश्
नक्त		 rātri
rajanī
niś
nakta		 ratyi
rāt		 æхсæв
93warm gārmî
 garm گَرم garam गरम
گرم		 تود
t̪awd̪		 germ उष्ण uṣṇa tato
garam		 хъарм
94cold sārdî
 sard سَرد ṭhaṇḍā ठंडा
ٹهنڈا		 يخ
jax 		sar शीत śīta shudro
thanda		 уазал
95full pirhâyî
 pur پُر pūrā पूरा
پورا		 پوره
pura		 tijî
pirr		 पूर्ण
तृप्त		 pūrṇa
tṛpta		 pherdo
pūra		 йедзаг
96new nûyî
 now
tāze		 نَو
تازِه		 nayā नया
نیا		 نوی
nəwai		 nû नव
नूतन
नवीन		 nava
nūtana
navīna		 nyevo
navān		 нæуæг
97good bâşî / rindî
 khub خوب acchā अच्छा
اچها		 ښه
xə/ʂə		 qenc
baş
rind		 साधु
शुभ
सत्
भद्र		 sādhu
śubha
sat
bhadra		 lasho
changa		 Хорз
98round gird
 gerd گِرد gol गोल
گول		 غونډ
ɤwəŋɖ		 girover मण्डल
वर्तुल		 maṇḍala
vartula		 oblo
gol		 тъымбыл
99dry zoxâyî / arīdî
 khoshk خُشک sūkhā सूखा
سوکها		 وچ
wәt͡ʃ		 zuha शुष्क śuṣka shuko
sukka
100name nâv
 nām
esm		 نام
اِسم		 nām नाम
نام		 نوم
num		 nav नामन्
नाम		 nāman
nāma		 anav
nām		 ном

This page is under construction, as of February 2021.


Wanna test something

Full declension of the stem "goft"

IPA: [goˑft]

Noun: goft (saying, speech, speaking)

Verb: goftü (to speak, to say, to tell, to point out)

Adjective: goftî (spoken, said, told)

Denonym: goft[]m

Noun declension:

goft
Singular Plural
Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3 Normal Pos1 Pos2 Pos3
Nominative
(and Genitive)		 goft gofto gofta goftê goftân goftâno goftâna goftânê
Dative goftêh goftêo goftêa goftêê goftânêh goftânêo goftânêa goftânêa
Accusative goftu goftuo goftua goftuê goftânu goftânuo goftânua goftânuê

The verb:

Personal Pronouns Indicative
Present Past Future Future Perfect
Standard Simplified Standard Simplified
Āz gofto goftobû ço goftü dêʲ gofto ço goftübû dêʲ goftobû
Tû goftê goftîbû çê goftü dêʲ goftê çê goftübû dêʲ goftîbû
Ew/We/To/Ûn goftā goftābû çā goftü dêʲ goftā çā goftübû dêʲ goftābû
Em goftâm goftâbûn çâm goftü dêʲ goftâm çâm goftübûn dêʲ goftâbûn
Şomâ/Hûn goftin goftîbûn çøn goftü dêʲ goftin çøn goftübûn dêʲ goftîbûn
Ûnhâ goftānd goftābûn çøn goftü dêʲ goftānd çøn goftübûn dêʲ goftābûn
Personal Pronouns non-Indicative
Present Past Future Future Perfect
Standard Simplified Standard Simplified
Āz bigofto bigoftobû biço goftü dêʲ bigoft biço goftübû dêʲ bigoftobû
Tû bigoftê bigoftîbû biçê goftü dêʲ bigoftê biçê goftübû dêʲ bigoftîbû
Ew/We/To/Ûn bigoftā bigoftābû biçā goftü dêʲ bigoftā biçā goftübû dêʲ bigoftābû
Em bigoftâm bigoftâbûn biçâm goftü dêʲ bigoftâm biçâm goftübûn dêʲ bigoftâbûn
Şomâ/Hûn bigoftin bigoftîbûn biçøn goftü dêʲ bigoftin biçøn goftübûn dêʲ bigoftîbûn
Ûnhâ bigoftānd bigoftābûn biçøn goftü dêʲ bigoftānd biçøn goftübûn dêʲ bigoftābûn

Here the negated forms:

Personal Pronouns Indicative
Present Past Future Future Perfect
Standard Simplified Standard Simplified
Āz nā gofto nā goftobû nāço goftü dêʲ nā gofto nāço goftübû dêʲ nā goftobû
Tû nā goftê nā goftîbû nāçê goftü dêʲ nā goftê nāçê goftübû dêʲ nā goftîbû
Ew/We/To/Ûn nā goftā nā goftābû nāçā goftü dêʲ nā goftā nāçā goftübû dêʲ nā goftābû
Em nāgoftâm nā goftâbûn nāçâm goftü dêʲ nā goftâm nāçâm goftübûn dêʲ nā goftâbûn
Şomâ/Hûn nā goftin nā goftîbûn nāçøn goftü dêʲ nā goftin nāçøn goftübûn dêʲ nā goftîbûn
Unhâ nā goftānd nā goftābûn nāçøn goftü dêʲ nā goftānd nāçøn goftübûn dêʲ nā goftābûn
Personal Pronouns non-Indicative
Present Past Future Future Perfect
Standard Simplified Standard Simplified
Āz binā gofto binā goftobû bināço goftü dêʲ binā gofto bināço goftübû dêʲ binā goftobû
Tû binā goftê binā goftîbû bināçê goftü dêʲ binā goftê bināçê goftübû dêʲ binā goftîbû
Ew/We/To/Ûn binā goftā binā goftābû bināçā goftü dêʲ binā goftā bināçā goftübû dêʲ binā goftābû
Em binā goftâm binā goftâbûn bināçâm goftü dêʲ binā goftâm bināçâm goftübûn dêʲ binā goftâbûn
Şomâ/Hûn binā goftin binā goftîbûn bināçøn goftü dêʲ binā goftin bināçøn goftübûn dêʲ binā goftîbûn
Unhâ binā goftānd binā goftābûn bināçøn goftü dêʲ binā goftānd bināçøn goftübûn dêʲ binā goftābûn

Imperative: Bi goftê, Bi goftin, Bi nā goftê, Bi nā goftin Gerund: gofti / nā gofti

Gerund Participe: goftibû / nā goftibû

Adjective forms: goftî, goftî tir, goftî tirîn / nā goftî, nā goftî tir, nā goftî tirîn

Denonym forms: goftum (male), goftêm (female), goftøm (neuter), / (nā ")

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