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User:Ceige/Western Romance: Difference between revisions
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:* NOM SING ''huemo'' PLU ''homnes'' | :* NOM SING ''huemo'' PLU ''homnes'' | ||
:* OBL SING ''homne'' PLU ''homnes'' | :* OBL SING ''homne'' PLU ''homnes'' | ||
===Verb Conjugation=== | |||
Stolen from Wikipedia: | |||
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_verbs | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
! Latin | |||
! [[Vulgar Latin]] | |||
! Spanish | |||
! Portuguese | |||
! Italian | |||
! French | |||
! '''ColloquialWestRom''' | |||
! FormalWestRom | |||
|- | |||
| [[Infinitive]] | |||
| amāre | |||
| *amare | |||
| amar | |||
| amar | |||
| amare | |||
| aimer | |||
| '''amar(e)''' | |||
| amare | |||
|------ | |||
| '''[[Indicative mood|Indicative]]'''<br />[[Present tense|Present]] | |||
| amō<br />amās<br />amat<br />amāmus<br />amātis<br />amant | |||
| *amo<br />*amas<br />*ama<br />*amamos<br />*amates<br />*aman | |||
| amo<br />amas<br />ama<br />amamos<br />amáis<br />aman | |||
| amo<br />amas<br />ama<br />amamos<br />amais<br />amam | |||
| amo<br />ami<br />ama<br />amiamo<br />amate<br />amano | |||
| aime<br />aimes<br />aime<br />aimons<br />aimez<br />aiment | |||
| '''amó<br />amas<br />ama(t)<br />amamós<br />amais<br />aman(t)''' | |||
| amo<br />amas<br />amat<br />amamos<br />amaðes<br />amant | |||
|- | |||
| [[Preterite]] | |||
| amāvī<br />amāvistī<br />amāvit<br />amāvimus<br />amāvistis<br />amāvērunt | |||
| *amai<br />*amasti<br />*amau<br />*amammos<br />*amastes<br />*amaron | |||
| amé<br />amaste<br />amó<br />amamos<br />amasteis<br />amaron | |||
| amei<br />amaste<br />amou<br />amamos<br />amastes<br />amaram | |||
| amai<br />amasti<br />amò<br />amammo<br />amaste<br />amarono | |||
| aimai<br />aimas<br />aima<br />aimâmes<br />aimâtes<br />aimèrent<sup>1</sup> | |||
| '''amai<br />amaste<br />amau(t)<br />amamos<br />amastes<br />amaron(t)''' | |||
| amai<br />amaesti<br />amaet<br />amaemos<br />amaestes<br />amaeront | |||
|- | |||
| [[Imperfect]] | |||
| amābam<br />amābās<br />amābat<br />amābāmus<br />amābātis<br />amābant | |||
| *amabã<br />*amabas<br />*amaba<br />*amabamos<br />*amabates<br />*amaban | |||
| amaba<br />amabas<br />amaba<br />amábamos<br />amabais<br />amaban | |||
| amava<br />amavas<br />amava<br />amávamos<br />amáveis<br />amavam | |||
| amavo<br />amavi<br />amava<br />amavamo<br />amavate<br />amavano | |||
| aimais<br />aimais<br />aimait<br />aimions<br />aimiez<br />aimaient | |||
| '''amava<br />amavas<br />amava(t)<br />amavamos<br />amavais<br />amavant''' | |||
| amava<br />amavas<br />amavat<br />amavamos<br />amavaðes<br />amavant | |||
|- | |||
| [[Pluperfect]] | |||
| amāveram<br />amāveras<br />amāverat<br />amāverāmus<br />amāverātis<br />amāverant | |||
| *amara<br />*amaras<br />*amara<br />*amaramos<br />*amarates<br />*amaran | |||
| amara<br />amaras<br />amara<br />amáramos<br />amarais<br />amaran<sup>2</sup> | |||
| amara<br />amaras<br />amara<br />amáramos<br />amáreis<br />amaram | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| '''amara<br />amaras<br />amara(t)<br />amaramos<br />amarais<br />amarant''' | |||
| amara<br />amaras<br />amarat<br />amaramos<br />amaraðes<br />amaront | |||
|- | |||
| [[Future]]<sup>7</sup> | |||
| amābō<br />amābis<br />amābit<br />amābimus<br />amābitis<br />amābunt | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
|- | |||
| [[Future perfect]] | |||
| amāverō<br />amāveris<br />amāverit<br />amāverimus<br />amāveritis<br />amāverint | |||
| *amare<br />*amares<br />*amare<br />*amaremos<br />*amaretes<br />*amaren | |||
| amare<br />amares<br />amare<br />amáremos<br />amareis<br />amaren<sup>3,6</sup> | |||
| amar<br />amares<br />amar<br />amarmos<br />amardes<br />amarem<sup>3</sup> | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| amare<br />amares<br />amare<br />amaremos<br />amareis<br />amarent | |||
| amaro<br />amares<br />amaret<br />amaremos<br />amareðes<br />amarent | |||
|- | |||
| '''[[Subjunctive mood|Subjunctive]]'''<br />Present | |||
| amem<br />amēs<br />amet<br />amēmus<br />amētis<br />ament | |||
| *amẽ<br />*ames<br />*ame<br />*amemos<br />*ametes<br />*amen | |||
| ame<br />ames<br />ame<br />amemos<br />améis<br />amen | |||
| ame<br />ames<br />ame<br />amemos<br />ameis<br />amem | |||
| ami<br />ami<br />ami<br />amiamo<br />amiate<br />amino | |||
| aime<br />aimes<br />aime<br />aimions<br />aimiez<br />aiment | |||
| ame<br />ames<br />amet<br />amemos<br />ameis<br />ament | |||
| ame<br />ames<br />amet<br />amemos<br />ameðes<br />ament | |||
|- | |||
| Perfect | |||
| amāverim<br />amāveris<br />amaverit<br />amāverimus<br />amāveritis<br />amāverint | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
|- | |||
| Imperfect | |||
| amārem<br />amārēs<br />amāret<br />amārēmus<br />amārētis<br />amārent | |||
| *amarẽ<br />*amares<br />*amare<br />*amaremos<br />*amaretes<br />*amaren | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| amar<br />amares<br />amar<br />amarmos<br />amardes<br />amarem<sup>4</sup> | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| <br /> <br /> - | |||
| amare<br />amares<br />amaret<br />amaremos<br />amareðes<br />amarent | |||
|- | |||
| Pluperfect | |||
| amāvissem<br />amāvissēs<br />amāvisset<br />amāvissēmus<br />amāvissētis<br />amāvissent | |||
| *amassẽ<br />*amasses<br />*amasse<br />*amassemos<br />*amassetes<br />*amassen | |||
| amase<br />amases<br />amase<br />amásemos<br />amáseis<br />amasen<sup>5</sup> | |||
| amasse<br />amasses<br />amasse<br />amássemos<br />amásseis<br />amassem<sup>5</sup> | |||
| amassi<br />amassi<br />amasse<br />amassimo<br />amaste<br />amassero<sup>5</sup> | |||
| aimasse<br />aimasses<br />aimât<br />aimassions<br />aimassiez<br />aimassent<sup>5,6</sup> | |||
| amasse<br />amasses<br />amasse<br />amassemos<br />amasseis<br />amassent | |||
| amaesse<br />amaesses<br />amaesset<br />amaessemos<br />amaesseðes<br />amaessent | |||
|} | |||
<small> | |||
# Literary. | |||
# Its meaning has mostly shifted to that of an imperfect subjunctive in modern Spanish. It is now usually interchangeable with ''amase'', ''amases'', ''amase'', etc. Nevertheless, a few rare uses as a pluperfect subsist. | |||
# Its meaning has shifted to that of a future subjunctive in Spanish and Portuguese. | |||
# Reanalysed as a personal infinitive. See [[#Semantic changes|below]]. | |||
# Its meaning has shifted to that of an imperfect subjunctive in most Romance languages. But note the normal use, in modern south-eastern Umbrian of ''amassimo'' instead of standard Italian ''amammo'' to express an indicative past perfect. | |||
# Disused. | |||
# The [[future tense|future indicative tense]] of the modern languages does not derive from the Latin form (which tended to be confounded with the preterite due to sound changes in Vulgar Latin), but rather from an infinitive + HABEO periphrasis, later [[grammaticalisation|reanalysed]] as a simple tense. | |||
</small> | |||
===Copula=== | |||