Moshurian: Difference between revisions

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===Consonants===
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Consonants(IPA)
|+ Consonant phonemes
|-
|-
!  
!  
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| style="border-right: 0;" |  || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced dental fricative|ð]]
| style="border-right: 0;" |  || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced dental fricative|ð]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant|z]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant|z]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless palato-alveolar fricative|ʃ]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless palato-alveolar fricative|ʃ]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced palato-alveolar fricative|ʒ]]
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless velar fricative|x]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless velar fricative|x]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
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| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced retroflex flap|ɽ]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced retroflex flap|ɽ]]
| colspan="2" |
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Consonants(orthographic)
|-
!
! colspan="2" | [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]]
! colspan="2" | [[w:Dental consonant|Dental]]
! colspan="2" | [[w:Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
! colspan="2" | [[w:Postalveolar consonant|Post-<br>alveolar]]/<br>[[w:Palatal consonant|palatal]]
! colspan="2" | [[w:Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]]
! colspan="2" | [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]]
|-
! [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]]
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]]
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced velar nasal|ŋ]]
|-
! [[w:stop consonant|Stop]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|p]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced bilabial stop|b]]
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|t]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar stop|d]]
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | &nbsp;[[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced velar stop|ɡ]]
|-
! [[w:Affricate consonant|Affricate]]
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" |  || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless palato-alveolar affricate|ch]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|-
! [[w:fricative consonant|Fricative]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative|f]] || style="border-left:0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" |  || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced dental fricative|th]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant|z]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless palato-alveolar fricative|ş]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless velar fricative|kh]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
|-
! [[w:Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|y]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="2" |
|-
! [[w:Lateral consonant|Lateral]]
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|-
! [[w:Flap consonant|Flap]]
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced retroflex flap|r]]
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|}
|}
===Vowels===
===Vowels===
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Vowels(IPA)
|+ Vowel phonemes
|-
|-
! !! colspan="2" | [[w:Front vowel|Front]] !! [[w:Near-front vowel|Near-front]] !! [[w:Central vowel|Central]] !! [[w:Back vowel|Back]]
! !! colspan="2" | [[w:Front vowel|Front]] !! [[w:Near-front vowel|Near-front]] !! [[w:Central vowel|Central]] !! [[w:Back vowel|Back]]
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| colspan="2" | [[w:Open front unrounded vowel|a]] || || || [[w:Open back unrounded vowel|ɑ]]
| colspan="2" | [[w:Open front unrounded vowel|a]] || || || [[w:Open back unrounded vowel|ɑ]]
|}
|}
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Vowels(orthographic)
|-
! !! colspan="2" | [[w:Front vowel|Front]] !! [[w:Near-front vowel|Near-front]] !! [[w:Central vowel|Central]] !! [[w:Back vowel|Back]]
|-
! [[w:Close vowel|Close]]
| style="border-right:0;"| [[w:Close front unrounded vowel|i]] || style="border-left:0;"| [[w:Close front rounded vowel|ï]] || || || [[w:Close back rounded vowel|u]]
|-
! [[w:Near-close vowel|Near-close]]
| colspan="2"| || [[w:Near-close near-front unrounded vowel|ë]] || ||
|-
! [[w:Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]]
| style="border-right:0;"| [[w:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|é]] || style="border-left:0;"| [[w:Close-mid front rounded vowel|ö]] || || || [[w:Close-mid back rounded vowel|o]]
|-
! [[w:Mid vowel|Mid]]
| colspan="2"| || || ([[w:Mid central vowel|ə]])[[w:Mid central vowel|à]] ||
|-
! [[w:Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]]
| colspan="2"| [[w:Open-mid front unrounded vowel|e]] || || ||
|-
! [[w:Open vowel|Open]]
| colspan="2" | [[w:Open front unrounded vowel|á]] || || || [[w:Open back unrounded vowel|a]]
|}
===Prosody===
===Prosody===
====Stress====
====Stress====

Revision as of 00:49, 7 October 2023

Moshurian
uthilikh
Uthilikh-in-alphabet.png
The Moshurian endonym(uthilikh) written in Moshurian script.
Pronunciation[ˈuð.ilix]
Created byJukethatbox
SettingRadael
Native toMoshurian Empire
Native speakers~450,000,000 (400 UH)
Yeldhic
  • Tiachbric
    • Týbric
      • Moshurian
Early forms
Kóftąbriác Yeldha
  • Proto-Tiachbric
    • Proto-Týbric
      • Early Moshurian
        • Ancient Moshurian
          • Middle Moshurian
Standard form
Taráhus Moshurian
Dialects
  • Taráhus dialect(Taráhuir gugtui)
  • Oalan dialect(Oalanir gugtui)
  • Loïha dialect(Loïhir gugtui)
  • Odezyë dialect(Odezyir gugtui)
  • Far East dialect(Dmuriékhir gugtui)
  • Sépenzg dialect(Sépenzgir gugtui)
  • Moshurian alphabet
  • Moshurian Romanisation
Official status
Official language in
Moshurian Empire
Iśatúr Confederacy
Recognised minority
language in
Eastern Gegfen Alliance
Regulated byMinistry of Linguistic Regulation
Moshurian-speakers.jpeg
Map of Moshurian speakers. Dark green represents a Moshurian-speaking majority and light green represents a significant minority.
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Moshurian(uthilikh) is a Týbric language spoken in mostly Talkoch. It is the most spoken language in Talkoch, and also has significant minority communities on Etzeán Island and the Eastern Gegfen Alliance, also called the Dmuriékh(lit. "far away east"). It is the sole official language of the Moshurian Empire, and is thoroughly used administratively and academically in the Moshurian Empire, no matter what one's mother tongue is.

Their exonym of Moshurian comes from a nomadic legend of the god of travel and nomads, Dündŵęk, who traveled to Tuloor Lake(the homeland of the Moshurians) in search of an inn to rest. The Moshurians had plenty of inns(möşhüř as they are called in Ancient Yeldha), and Dündŵęk was finally able to rest. After departing, he thanked the Moshurians, and later mentioned them to the other gods as simply möşhüřiànöřmà, or "inn people". This exonym stuck within nomadic circles, who then passed the exonym to the more settled peoples of Talkoch.

Phonology

Orthography

Moshurian has its own script that is read right-to-left, top-to-bottom. It's origin is heavily debated. The general consensus is that it developed from Hátuli script which in itself probably developed from Kutic cuneiform, although some prominent alternate theories include a possible link to Proto-Yeldhic runes. Some have said the script originates in Proto-Taskaric record-taking which probably arrived during the Oalanii Period. Some have said that the shape of some plosive characters corresponds with the symbol for "blood" in the logographic orthography of Ancient Izhkut, which was pronounced gúp.

Consonants

Consonant phonemes
Labial Dental Alveolar Post-
alveolar
/
palatal
Retroflex Velar
Nasal m n ŋ
Stop p b t d  k ɡ
Affricate t͡ʃ
Fricative f ð s z ʃ ʒ x
Approximant j
Lateral l
Flap ɽ

Vowels

Vowel phonemes
Front Near-front Central Back
Close i y u
Near-close ɪ
Close-mid e ø o
Mid ə(ə̃)
Open-mid ε
Open a ɑ

Prosody

Stress

Stress in Moshurian is paroxytonic, meaning stress is placed on the penultimate syllable of a word, e.g. zazuŋ, pronounced [ˈzaˌzuŋ], or uthilikh, pronounced [ˈuð.ilix].

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Tenses

In Moshurian, there are four main tenses- the present, the future, the far future and the simple past. To indicate that a phrase is in a certain tense, an indicator is used just before the object, e.g. öş gersetigéd kestolék(I built a house).

Tense indicators
Present Future Far Future Simple Past
(uź) ïş ïşé öş

The present tense indicator, , is used like a natural in music. By default, no indicator is used to indicate the present in a non-contextual sentence, but as indicators are continuous, meaning that if an indicator is placed then all succeeding sentences will be in the indicator's tense until a new indicator appears, may be needed to clarify that a sentence does not follow the tense of the previous sentence.
Example: öş abáragéd udubék. budur ibiş. - I went to the park. It was[1] great.
ös abáragéd udubék. uź budur ibiş. - I went to the park. (The park) is great.

Verbs

Verbs in Moshurian are inflected by default with the infinitve suffix -omh, and then the root of the verb (e.g. dáfhér in dáfhéromh, to eat) is inflected with a different suffix depending on the pronoun.

Suffixes
Singular Plural
Infinitive -omh
First person -ék(-ïk) -ékeŋ(-ïkeŋ)
Second person -ot -(o)tuŋ
He -eź -iŋź
She -aş -aŋéş
They -iş -éiméş

Example: ché dáfhérék, er dáfhérot.(lit. no eat-1.SG, but eat-2.SG.)

Syntax

Constituent order

Moshurian uses an OSV(object-subject-verb) sentence structure, such as in the sentence sö kél mosok dáfhéréiméş(grass PL cow eat-3PL), or "cows eat grass".

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources

  1. ^ Note the continuous past tense.