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!width=75| IPA
!width=75| IPA
! Comp
! Comp
!width=100| E.g.
!width=100| Rom.
! Meaning
|-
|-
! i
! i
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| i~ɪ
| i~ɪ
| Like ⟨i⟩ in ''mach'''i'''ne''.  
| Like ⟨i⟩ in ''mach'''i'''ne''.  
| ''[[Contionary: iir#Hakdor|i'''i'''r]]''
| ''[[Contionary: iir#Hakdor|y'''i'''r]]''
| ‘nine’
|-
|-
! e
! e
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| e~ɛ
| e~ɛ
| Like ⟨ay⟩ in ''d'''ay'''''.  
| Like ⟨ay⟩ in ''d'''ay'''''.  
| ''[[Contionary: lehil#Hakdor|l'''e'''hil]]''
| ''[[Contionary: lehil#Hakdor|l'''e'''khil]]''
| ‘birl’
|-
|-
! a
! a
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| a~ɑ
| a~ɑ
| Like ⟨a⟩ in ''f'''a'''ther''.  
| Like ⟨a⟩ in ''f'''a'''ther''.  
| ''[[Contionary: sasan#Hakdor|s'''a'''s'''a'''n]]''
| ''[[Contionary: sasan#Hakdor|s'''a'''z'''a'''ng]]''
| ‘you all’
|-
|-
! o
! o
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| o~ɔ
| o~ɔ
| Like ⟨o⟩ in ''r'''o'''pe''.  
| Like ⟨o⟩ in ''r'''o'''pe''.  
| ''[[Contionary: toroq#Hakdor|t'''o'''r'''o'''q]]''
| ''[[Contionary: toroq#Hakdor|t'''o'''r'''o'''ch]]''
| ‘where’
|-
|-
! u
! u
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| u~ʊ
| u~ʊ
| Like ⟨oo⟩ in ''f'''oo'''d''.  
| Like ⟨oo⟩ in ''f'''oo'''d''.  
| ''[[Contionary: nucut#Hakdor|n'''u'''c'''u'''t]]''
| ''[[Contionary: nucut#Hakdor|m'''u'''zh'''u'''t]]''
| ‘sibling’
|-
|-
! p
! p
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| p
| p
| Like ⟨p⟩ in '''''p'''ool''.  
| Like ⟨p⟩ in '''''p'''ool''.  
| ''[[Contionary: pai#Hakdor|'''p'''ai]]''
| ''[[Contionary: pai#Hakdor|'''p'''ay]]''
| ‘seven’
|-
|-
! p
! p
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| b
| b
| When between two vowels, ⟨p⟩ is like ⟨b⟩ in ''a'''b'''le''.  
| When between two vowels, ⟨p⟩ is like ⟨b⟩ in ''a'''b'''le''.  
| ''[[Contionary: pepan#Hakdor|pe'''p'''an]]''
| ''[[Contionary: pepan#Hakdor|pe'''b'''ang]]''
| ‘child’
|-
|-
! t
! t
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| t
| t
| Like ⟨t⟩ in '''''t'''ake''.  
| Like ⟨t⟩ in '''''t'''ake''.  
| ''[[Contionary: takot#Hakdor|'''t'''ako'''t''']]''
| ''[[Contionary: takot#Hakdor|'''t'''ago'''t''']]''
| ‘place’
|-
|-
! t
! t
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| d
| d
| When between two vowels, ⟨t⟩ is like ⟨d⟩ in ''ra'''d'''ar''.  
| When between two vowels, ⟨t⟩ is like ⟨d⟩ in ''ra'''d'''ar''.  
| ''[[Contionary: iatup#Hakdor|ia'''t'''up]]''
| ''[[Contionary: iatup#Hakdor|ya'''d'''up]]''
| ‘xxxxxx’
|-
|-
! q
! q
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| ʧ~ʨ
| ʧ~ʨ
| Like ⟨ch⟩ in '''''ch'''eese''.  
| Like ⟨ch⟩ in '''''ch'''eese''.  
| ''[[Contionary: qik#Hakdor|'''q'''ik]]''
| ''[[Contionary: qik#Hakdor|'''ch'''ik]]''
| ‘young’
|-
|-
! q
! q
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| ʤ~ʥ
| ʤ~ʥ
| When between two vowels, ⟨q⟩ is like ⟨g⟩ in ''ra'''g'''es''.  
| When between two vowels, ⟨q⟩ is like ⟨g⟩ in ''ra'''g'''es''.  
| ''[[Contionary: naqah#Hakdor|na'''q'''ah]]''
| ''[[Contionary: naqah#Hakdor|ma'''dj'''akh]]''
| ‘neck’
|-
|-
! k
! k
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| k
| k
| Like ⟨k⟩ in '''''k'''eep''.  
| Like ⟨k⟩ in '''''k'''eep''.  
| ''[[Contionary: koruk#Hakdor|'''k'''oru'''k''']]''
| ''[[Contionary: koruk#Hakdor|'''k'''oru'''k''']]''
| ‘animal’
|-
|-
! k
! k
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| ɡ
| ɡ
| When between two vowels, ⟨k⟩ is like ⟨g⟩ in ''ea'''g'''le''.  
| When between two vowels, ⟨k⟩ is like ⟨g⟩ in ''ea'''g'''le''.  
| ''[[Contionary: pikic#Hakdor|pi'''k'''ic]]''
| ''[[Contionary: pikic#Hakdor|pi'''g'''ish]]''
| ‘tooth’
|-
|-
! f
! f
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| f~ф
| f~ф
| Like ⟨f⟩ in '''''f'''ine''.  
| Like ⟨f⟩ in '''''f'''ine''.  
| ''[[Contionary: foc#Hakdor|'''f'''oc]]''
| ''[[Contionary: foc#Hakdor|'''f'''osh]]''
| ‘red’
|-
|-
! f
! f
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| β
| β
| When between two vowels, ⟨f⟩ is like ⟨v⟩ in ''e'''v'''ery''.  
| When between two vowels, ⟨f⟩ is like ⟨v⟩ in ''e'''v'''ery''.  
| ''[[Contionary: cafin#Hakdor|ca'''f'''in]]''
| ''[[Contionary: cafin#Hakdor|sha'''v'''ing]]''
| ‘front’
|-
|-
! s
! s
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| s
| s
| Like ⟨s⟩ in '''''s'''eek''.  
| Like ⟨s⟩ in '''''s'''eek''.  
| ''[[Contionary: siiek#Hakdor|'''s'''iiek]]''
| ''[[Contionary: siiek#Hakdor|'''s'''iyek]]''
| ‘ear’
|-
|-
! s
! s
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| z
| z
| When between two vowels, ⟨s⟩ is like ⟨z⟩ in ''ha'''z'''ard''.  
| When between two vowels, ⟨s⟩ is like ⟨z⟩ in ''ha'''z'''ard''.  
| ''[[Contionary: cosah#Hakdor|co'''s'''ah]]''
| ''[[Contionary: cosah#Hakdor|sho'''z'''akh]]''
| ‘for no reason’
|-
|-
! c
! c
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| ʃ~ɕ
| ʃ~ɕ
| Like ⟨sh⟩ in '''''sh'''ake''.  
| Like ⟨sh⟩ in '''''sh'''ake''.  
| ''[[Contionary: cosuc#Hakdor|'''c'''osu'''c''']]''
| ''[[Contionary: cosuc#Hakdor|'''sh'''ozu'''sh''']]''
| ‘because’
|-
|-
! c
! c
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| ʒ~ʑ
| ʒ~ʑ
| When between two vowels, ⟨c⟩ is like ⟨s⟩ in ''u'''s'''ual''.  
| When between two vowels, ⟨c⟩ is like ⟨s⟩ in ''u'''s'''ual''.  
| ''[[Contionary: kacip#Hakdor|ka'''c'''ip]]''
| ''[[Contionary: kacip#Hakdor|ka'''zh'''ip]]''
| ‘stick’
|-
|-
! h
! h
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| h
| h
| At the beginning of a word, like ⟨h⟩ in '''''h'''and''.  
| At the beginning of a word, like ⟨h⟩ in '''''h'''and''.  
| ''[[Contionary: heu#Hakdor|'''h'''eu]]''
| ''[[Contionary: heu#Hakdor|'''h'''ew]]''
| ‘ten’
|-
|-
! h
! h
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| x
| x
| When between two vowels or word-finally, ⟨h⟩ is like ⟨j⟩ in Spanish ''ro'''j'''o''.  
| When between two vowels or word-finally, ⟨h⟩ is like ⟨j⟩ in Spanish ''ro'''j'''o''.  
| ''[[Contionary: cah#Hakdor|ca'''h''']]''
| ''[[Contionary: cah#Hakdor|sha'''kh''']]''
| ‘not’
|-
|-
! n
! n
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| m
| m
| At the beginning of a word, like ⟨m⟩ in '''''m'''oon''.  
| At the beginning of a word, like ⟨m⟩ in '''''m'''oon''.  
| ''[[Contionary: nalur#Hakdor|'''n'''alur]]''
| ''[[Contionary: nalur#Hakdor|'''m'''alur]]''
| ‘mother’
|-
|-
! n
! n
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| n
| n
| In the middle of a word, like ⟨n⟩ in ''a'''n'''y''.  
| In the middle of a word, like ⟨n⟩ in ''a'''n'''y''.  
| ''[[Contionary: kanah#Hakdor|ka'''n'''ah]]''
| ''[[Contionary: kanah#Hakdor|ka'''n'''akh]]''
| ‘never’
|-
|-
! n
! n
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| ŋ
| ŋ
| At the end of a word, ⟨n⟩ is like ⟨ng⟩ in English ''si'''ng'''i'''ng'''''.  
| At the end of a word, ⟨n⟩ is like ⟨ng⟩ in English ''si'''ng'''i'''ng'''''.  
| ''[[Contionary: rinen#Hakdor|rine'''n''']]''
| ''[[Contionary: rinen#Hakdor|rine'''ng''']]''
| ‘knee’
|-
|-
! u
! u
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| w
| w
| Like ⟨w⟩ in ''a'''w'''ake''.  
| Like ⟨w⟩ in ''a'''w'''ake''.  
| ''[[Contionary: ueq#Hakdor|'''u'''eq]]''
| ''[[Contionary: ueq#Hakdor|'''w'''ech]]''
| ‘and not’
|-
|-
! r
! r
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| r~ɾ
| r~ɾ
| Like ⟨rr⟩ in Spanish ''pe'''rr'''o''.  
| Like ⟨rr⟩ in Spanish ''pe'''rr'''o''.  
| ''[[Contionary: rekra#Hakdor|'''r'''ek'''r'''a]]''
| ''[[Contionary: rekra#Hakdor|'''r'''eg'''r'''a]]''
| ‘to make’
|-
|-
! i
! i
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| j
| j
| Like ⟨y⟩ in '''''y'''ell''.  
| Like ⟨y⟩ in '''''y'''ell''.  
| ''[[Contionary: iitra#Hakdor|'''i'''itra]]''
| ''[[Contionary: iitra#Hakdor|'''y'''idra]]''
| ‘to throw’
|-
|-
! l
! l
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| l
| l
| Like ⟨l⟩ in '''''l'''ike''.
| Like ⟨l⟩ in '''''l'''ike''.
| ''[[Contionary: lehilol#Hakdor|'''l'''ehi'''l'''o'''l''']]''
| ''[[Contionary: lehilol#Hakdor|'''l'''ekhi'''l'''o'''l''']]''
| ‘flock’
|}
|}


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! (Some) Extended Meanings
! (Some) Extended Meanings
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: ketra#Hakdor|ketra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: keta#Hakdor|keta]]''
| ‘to give’
| ‘to give’
| to transfer, to remove (from oneself), to shed, to excrete
| to transfer, to remove (from oneself), to shed, to excrete
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: tokra#Hakdor|tokra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: toka#Hakdor|toka]]''
| ‘to take’
| ‘to take’
| to eat, to consume, to steal
| to eat, to consume, to steal
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: iitra#Hakdor|iitra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: iita#Hakdor|iita]]''
| ‘to throw’
| ‘to throw’
| to observe with the senses ('''''[[Contionary: iitra luuat#Hakdor|iitra luuat]]''''' = ‘look at’)
| to observe with the senses ('''''[[Contionary: iita luuat#Hakdor|iita luuat]]''''' = ‘look at’)
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: kepra#Hakdor|kepra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: kepa#Hakdor|kepa]]''
| ‘to catch’
| ‘to catch’
| to capture, to seize
| to capture, to seize
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: pasra#Hakdor|pasra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: pasa#Hakdor|pasa]]''
| ‘to fall’
| ‘to fall’
| to do something accidentally, to sleep
| to do something accidentally, to sleep
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: sopra#Hakdor|sopra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: sopa#Hakdor|sopa]]''
| ‘to rise’
| ‘to rise’
| to ascend, to awaken, to succeed
| to ascend, to awaken, to succeed
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: uekra#Hakdor|uekra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: ueka#Hakdor|ueka]]''
| ‘to sit’
| ‘to sit’
| to be located,  
| to be located,  
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: kupra#Hakdor|kupra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: kupa#Hakdor|kupa]]''
| ‘to stand’
| ‘to stand’
| to be upright, to be in a state of
| to be upright, to be in a state of
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: hapra#Hakdor|hapra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: hapa#Hakdor|hapa]]''
| ‘to have’
| ‘to have’
| to control, to hold, to be imbued with (e.g. ability)
| to control, to hold, to be imbued with (e.g. ability)
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: rekra#Hakdor|rekra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: reka#Hakdor|reka]]''
| ‘to do’
| ‘to do’
| to make, to compel, to cause, to force
| to make, to compel, to cause, to force
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: pikra#Hakdor|pikra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: pika#Hakdor|pika]]''
| ‘to pick up’
| ‘to pick up’
| to grasp, ~take
| to grasp, ~take
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: topra#Hakdor|topra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: topa#Hakdor|topa]]''
| ‘to put down’
| ‘to put down’
| to put in place, to situate, ~give, to sense ('''''[[Contionary: topra luuat#Hakdor|topra luuat]]''''' = ‘to see’)
| to put in place, to situate, ~give, to sense ('''''[[Contionary: topa luuat#Hakdor|topa luuat]]''''' = ‘to see’)
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: katra#Hakdor|katra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: kata#Hakdor|kata]]''
| ‘to keep’
| ‘to keep’
| to protect, to hide
| to protect, to hide
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: sitra#Hakdor|sitra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: sita#Hakdor|sita]]''
| ‘to be’
| ‘to be’
| to exist, copula
| to exist, copula
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: qetra#Hakdor|qetra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: qeta#Hakdor|qeta]]''
| ‘to go’
| ‘to go’
| to move, to travel, to start
| to move, to travel, to start
|-
|-
! ''[[Contionary: tikra#Hakdor|tikra]]''
! ''[[Contionary: tika#Hakdor|tika]]''
| ‘to hit’
| ‘to hit’
| to make contact with, to touch
| to make contact with, to touch
|}
|}


Yet as few verbs as there are, every clause requires one. Usually, what we generally think of as the verb of a clause is a noun which changes meaning when used as the direct object of a verb. For example, “to look at” translates as iit luuat ‘to throw eyes’, but you might think of it as the more melodious “to cast a glance.” In fact, all sensing words use iit as their verb, though “cast an ear” (iit siiek, ‘listen’) or ‘cast an eye’ (iit luuat, ‘look’) sound a little nicer to our ears than ‘throw a nose’ (iit safiu, ‘smell’) or ‘hurl a tongue’ (iit ruhac, ‘taste’).  
Yet as few verbs as there are, every clause requires one. Usually, what we generally think of as the verb of a clause is a noun which changes meaning when used as the direct object of a verb. For example, “to look at” translates as ''[[Contionary: iita luuat#Hakdor|iita luuat]]'' ‘to throw eyes’, but you might think of it as the more melodious “to cast a glance.” In fact, all sensing words use ''[[Contionary: iita#Hakdor|iita]]'' as their verb, though “cast an ear” (''[[Contionary: iita siiek#Hakdor|iita siiek]]'', ‘listen’) or ‘cast an eye’ (''[[Contionary: iita luuat#Hakdor|iita luuat]]'', ‘look’) sound a little nicer to our ears than ‘throw a nose’ (''[[Contionary: iita safiu#Hakdor|iita safiu]]'', ‘smell’) or ‘hurl a tongue’ (''[[Contionary: iita ruhac#Hakdor|iita ruhac]]'', ‘taste’).  


====Particles====
====Particles====
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