Dãterške

Danterske Даңтэршкэ
Progress: 95%
Type
Agglutinative
Alignment
Ergative-absolutive
Head direction
Initial	Mixed		Final
Primary word order
Subject-object-verb
Tonal
No
Declensions
Yes
Conjugations
Yes
Genders
1
Nouns decline according to...
Case		Number
Definiteness		Gender
Verbs conjugate according to...
Voice		Mood
Person		Number
Tense		Aspect

Danterian
Dãterške, Danterske
Даңтэршкэ Даңтэрскэ атӕҗӀұец
The official flag of the Scientific Nation of Danterlokhan.
Pronunciation	[t̬ãtʰɛrʃkʰɛ t̬ãtʰɛrskʰɛ atʰəʒd͡ʒyjet͡n̥]
Created by	Elliott Wheeler
Setting	Verse:Danterlokhan
Language family	A priori language Danterian
Official status
Official language in	Danterlokhan
Language codes
ISO 639-3	qdt

Dãterške (Даңтэршкэ, Даңтэрскэ атӕҗӀұец), also known as Danterian (English calque) and Danterske, is an auxillary and attempted logical language created by Elliott Wheeler originally designed to be a common language for the scientific community.

Its original purpose was for a significant portion of its morphology was to be comprised of native terms and grammar for scientific terms, technical jargon, and physical processes. It's also designed to lack synonyms as much as possible for inherent goal of disambiguation, which albeit made it relatively difficult to use colloquially. Nevertheless, since then I have been trying to adapt it as a more naturalistic language with an actual constructed history and culture.

Due to several drastic changes during the course of its development, along with being the first language I created, the language is loosely based off of Proto-Altaic, the Slavic languages, the Northwest-Caucasian languages, a tad bit of German, and my native idiolect of English, but is ultimately a priori.

Introduction

Creation history

The exact date of the language's inspiration remains unknown, but the project probably began on 26-9-12015 (September 26, 2015) with a document titled "Danterian Language", which featured an abecedarium of a bicameral Cyrillic-, Armenian-, & Latin-based alphabetic script, what appears to be an English approximation for the sound each represented, and a set of orthographic conventions. Featured below is the alphabet copied verbatim from the document.

Æ

E

A

B

C

Д

Њ

F

G

H

N

J

K

L

M

I

O

♇

Ꝗ

R

S

Ð

T

U

V

Щ

Ж

ß

Y

Z

æ

є

a

Б/ƃ

c

Δ

ђ

f

դ

h

и

j

k

l

m

ն

o

ꝑ

ꝗ

r

s

þ

t

μ

v

щ

ж

β

y

ƶ

(ae)

(e)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(ny)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)

(j)

(k)

(l)

(m)

(n)

(o)

(p)

(q)

(r)

(s)

(th)

(t)

(u)

(v)

(w)

(zh)

(sz)

(y)

(z)

More letters were almost certainly added later. This was probably an attempt of an English spelling reform that I decided to create as I was learning linguistics, but this project then evolved into an entirely separate language that I decided to develop as my interest in linguistics and conlangs grew. This was when the language started to deviate from its goal, the language became something of a sketchbook for developing ideas I came up with as I was learning.

As the language grew, the document where I stored the language's lexicon was named after its first proper word, кражңа, literally translating as "The Index of the Frontier" (Кљіха ды Кражңа). At the time of writing this, the index lists approximately 967 morphemes. This is probably enough of the language to derive a dictionary from such, but it should be noted that various crucial notes and sketches are recorded elsewhere.

Phonology

Orthography

The orthography of Dãterške is a monocase Russian-inspired Cyrillic alphabet, and is mostly phonemic, in that each letter corresponds directly to a single sound or modification on a sound (such as [◌ʼ], [◌ˤ], [◌̃], etC). It's important to note that, unlike many languages, certain modifications (besides nasalization, ң) represent phonemes to themselves and not merely modifiers for a grapheme or phoneme. However, an exception to both prior exceptions stated here is the usage of the digraphs «щӀ» & «җӀ» to represent the consonantal sequences /ʃt͡ʃ/ & /ʒd͡ʒ/, respectfully.

Because of its relatively large phonemic inventory, the language had to use relatively unconventional uses and extensions for the letters in modern Cyrillic. This, combined with its monocase typography & usage of circum-sentence punctuation in a manner standardized from Spanish, makes a uniquely recognizable written language. Listed below are all of the characters in the alphabet, associated values, and letter names in IPA and Latin, in no particular order due to the lack of any strict alphabetical order for the language.

Letter	IPA Sound	Letter Name	IPA Letter Name	Latin transliteration
Ӏ	/◌ʼ/, /ʡ/~[ʔ]	пӀалєчһа	/pʼalot͡ʃħa/	'
'		нруцӕфих пӀ'алєчһа	/nrut͡n̥əfɪx pʼʡalot͡ʃħa/
і	/ʲi/	пӀ'алєчһих і	/pʼʡalot͡ʃħɪx iː/	İ i
а	/a/	а	/a/	A a
ӑ	/ʕ/	нруцӕфих ӑа	/nrut͡n̥əfɪx ʕa/	ʕ ʿ
я	/ʲɒ/	я	/ɒ/	Â â
ә	/æ/	ә	/æ/	Æ æ
ӕ	/ə/	ӕ	/ə/	Ə ə
э	/ɛ/	э	/ɛ/	E e
ӭ	/ɘ/	ӭ' or птрђих ӭ	/ɘʡ/ or /pʰtʰr̩c̬ɪx ɘ/	Ë ë
ө	/ɞ/	ө	/ɞ/	Œ œ
є	/ʲo/	є	/o/	Ô ô
е	/ʲe/	е	/e/	Ê ê
ё	/ʲø/~[ʲɵ]	ё' or птрђих ё	/øʡ/ or /pʰtʰr̩c̬ɪx ø/	Ĕ ĕ
и	/ɪ/	и	/ɪ/	I ı
ӥ	/i/	ӥ' or птрђих ӥ	/iʡ/ or /pʰtʰr̩c̬ɪx i/	Ï ï
й	/j/	нруцӕфих йи	/nrut͡n̥əfɪx jɪ/	J j
о	/ʌ/	о	/ʌ/	O o
ӧ	/ɤ/	ӧ' or птрђих ӧ	/ɤʡ/ or /pʰtʰr̩c̬ɪx ɤ/	Ö ö
у	/u/	у	/u/	U u
ў	/w/	нруцӕфих ўу	/nrut͡n̥əfɪx wu/	W w
ұ	/y/	ұ or пӀ'алєчһих ұ	/y/ or /pʼʡalot͡ʃħɪx y/	Ü ü
ю	/ʲɯ/	ю	/ɯ/	Û û
ы	/ɨ/	ы	/ɨ/	Y y
ӹ	/ʉ/	ӹ' or птрђих ӹ	/ʉʡ/ or /pʰtʰr̩c̬ɪx ʉ/	Ÿ ÿ
м	/ɱ/	эм	/ɛɱ/	M m
н	/n/	эн	/ɛn/	N n
ң	/◌̃/	р'ьәњӕы эң or пӀ'алєчһих эң	/rʡʲæɲəɨ ɛ̃/ or /pʼʡalot͡ʃħɪx ɛ̃/	Ņ ņ
ц	/t͡n̥/~[θ]	цэ	/t͡n̥ɛ/	C c
њ	/ɲ/	њэ	/ɲɛ/	Ñ ñ
б	/p̬/~[b̪]	эб	/ɛp̬/	B b
п	/pʰ/	пэ	/p̪ʰɛ/	P p
д	/t̬/~[d̟]	эд	/ɛt̬/	D d
т	/tʰ/~[t̟ʰ]	тэ	/tʰɛ/	T t
џ	/d͡ʒ/	эџ	/ɛd͡ʒ/	D̂ d̂
ч	/t͡ʃ/	чэ	/t͡ʃɛ/	Č č
ђ	/c̬/~[ɟ]	эђ	/ɛc̬/	Đ đ
ћ	/cʰ/	эћ	/cʰɛ/	Ć ć
ӵ	/c͡ç/	ӵэ	/c͡çɛ/	C̈ c̈
г	/k̬/~[g]	эг	/ɛk̬/	G g
к	/kʰ/	кэ	/kʰɛ/	K k
ҝ	/q͡χ/	ҝэ	/q͡χɛ/	Q q
в	/v/	ве	/vʲe/	V v
ф	/f/	еф	/ef/	F f
з	/z/	зе	/zʲe/	Z z
с	/s/	ес	/es/	S s
ԇ	/sˤ/~[z̥]	ԇөд	/sˤɞt̬/	Ş ş
ж	/ʒ/	же	/ʒʲe/	Ž ž
ш	/ʃ/	еш	/eʃ/	Š š
җ	/ʝ/	җе	/ʝe/	Ẑ ẑ
щ	/ç/	ещ	/eç/	Ŝ ŝ
ғ	/ɣ/	ғе	/ɣʲe/	Ƣ ƣ
х	/x/	ех	/ex/	X x
һ	/ħ/~[h]	һе	/ħʲe/	H h
р	/r/~[ɹ]	ер	/er/	R r
ь	/j/~/◌ʲ/	йерь	/jerʲ/	j
ъ	/w/~/◌ʷ/	ўеръ	/werʷ/	w
ҍ	/ʕ/~/◌ˤ/	ӑерҍ	/ʕerˤ/	ʿ
л	/l/~[ɮ]	ел	/el/	L l
љ	/ʎ/	љер	/ʎer/	Ł ł

Consonants

Danterške consonant phonemes

		Labiodental	Denti-alveolar		Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Pharyngeal/Uvelar
			plain	2 artic.
Nasal		ɱ (м)	n (н)	t͡n̥~θ (ц)		ɲ (њ)
Plosive	aspirated	pʰ (п)	tʰ (т)			cʰ (ћ)	kʰ (к)	ʡ (')
	lenis	p̬ (б)	t̬ (д)			c̬ (ђ)	k̬ (г)
	ejective	pʼ (пӀ)	tʼ (тӀ)		t͡ʃʼ (чӀ)	cʼ (ћӀ)	kʼ (кӀ)	qʼ (ҝӀ)
Affricate	voiceless	p͡f (пф)	t͡s (тс)		t͡ʃ (ч)	c͡ç (ӵ)		q͡χ~k͡xʷ (ҝ)
					ʃt͡ʃ (щӀ)
	voiced	b͡v (бв)	d͡z (дз)		d͡ʒ (џ)
					ʒd͡ʒ (җӀ)
	nasal release		dⁿ~nˑ (дң)	d͡ʒ̃ (џң)		ɟⁿ~ɲˑ (ђң)	g̊ⁿ~ŋ (кң,гң)
Fricative	voiceless	f (ф)	s (с)	sˤ~z̥ (ԇ)	ʃ (ш)	ç (щ)	x (х)	ħ (һ)
	voiced	v (в)	z (з)	zʲ (зь)	ʒ (ж)	ʝ (җ)	ɣ (ғ)
	nasalized	f̃ (фң)	s̃ (сң)	s̃ˤ (ԇң)	ʃ̃ (шң)	ç̃ (щң)	x̃ (хң)
		ṽ (вң)	z̃ (зң)		ʒ̃ (жң)
Approximant			r~ɹ (р)	r̃ (рң)	rʲ (рь)	j (ь,й)	w (ъ,ў)	ʕ (ҍ,ӑ)
Lateral	oral		l~ɮ (л)			ʎ (љ)
	nasalized		l̃ (лң)			ʎ̃ (љң)

Vowels

Dãterške vowel phonemes

		Front		Central		Back
		unrounded	rounded	unrounded	rounded	unrounded	rounded
Close	oral	i (ӥ) ʲi(ː) (і)	y (ұ)	ɨ (ы)	ʉ (ӹ)		u (у)
	nasal	ĩ (ің/ӥң)	ỹ (ұң)	ɨ̃ (ың)	ʉ̃ (ӹң)		ũ (уң)
Near-close	oral	ɪ (и)				ʲɯ (ю)
	nasal	ɪ̃ (иң)				ɯ̃ (юң)
Close-mid	oral	ʲe (е)		ɘ (ӭ)	ʲø~ʲɵ (ё)	ɤ (ӧ)	ʲo (є)
	nasal	ẽ (ең)		ɘ̃ (ӭң)	ø̃~ɵ̃ (ёң)	ɤ̃ (ӧң)	õ (єң)
Open-mid	oral	ɛ (э)		ə (ӕ)	ɞ (ө)	ʌ~ɔ (о)
	nasal	ɛ̃ (эң)		ə̃ (ӕң)	ɞ̃ (өң)	ʌ̃~ɔ̃ (оң)
Near-open	oral	æ (ә)
	nasal
Open	oral	a (а)					ʲɒ (я)
	nasal	ã (аң)					ɒ̃ (яң)

Prosody

The only hard rule of prosody in this language pertains to syllables containing a lengthened or ава (rough) vowel, which are stressed by default. In theory, this means that a lot of the language has no phonemic stress or even syllable-boundaries, thus forcing both the speaker & listener to analyze the spoken word as a sequence of sounds. However, in casual speech, primary stress usually occurs in a somewhat similar manner to English, and is often placed on the initial syllable of a word, and secondary stress is often trochaic (placed in repeating patterns of stressed-unstressed) from the beginning of the word

Phonotactics

Syllable Structure: (W/N)(C)⁶(W)²V/-P²(W)²(C)⁴(W/N)
Where:

• C = Consonant
• N = Nasal consonant
• -P = Non-plosive
• V = Vowel
• W = Semivowel

1. /r/, /rʲ/, /r̃/ cannot immediately follow a palato-alveolar consonant.
2. Unstressed /ʲi/, /ʲe/, /ʲø/, /ʲɒ/, /ʲo/, /ʲɯ/ cannot precede liquids and will become lengthened /ː/ and/or undergo ава-ућу mutation.
3. Lenis Stops are not released syllable-finally or preceding other Stops.
4. Complex consonant clusters with non-plosives >C⁶ become syllabic.
5. /j/, /w/, /ʕ/ become devoiced after aspirated Stops and assimilate with the plosive.
6. Fortis and lenis equivalents of a given consonant cannot be adjacent unless at a syllable boundary.
7. /t͡n̥l/ cannot occur.
8. /ʡ/ cannot immediately follow a voiceless plosive or affricate, forcing the consonant in question to become an ejective

Ава-ућу vowel correspondence

Dãterške vowel mutation

Series #	Ава	Ућу
1	А	Е
2	Ә	Ӭ
3	И	Ӕ
4	Э Ө
5	О	У
6	Є	І
7	Ӥ	Ы
8	Ӧ	Ұ
9	Ю	Ӹ
10	Я	Ё
11	аў,ӑу	єұ
12	Р	Л

Morphophonology

Due to the language being a semi-agglutinative language, little purely morphophonological processes take place other than the aforementioned vowel mutation. Because of this process alone, one could either analyze the language’s morphological typology as an agglutinative language with ablauting morphemes, or as a minor fusional language without sandhi.

Syntax

Constituent order

The constituent order of the language is relatively straightforward, being almost exclusively SOV in almost all instances. Other word-orders (commonly SVO) may be used occasionally for poetic effect, but such must be clearly marked with affices denoting their grammatical role, often merely to avoid ambiguity.

Example texts

Main page: :Category:Dãterške literature

• The Internationale - ТрәнњещӀьахимнһц
• Even when issues arise - шԇөтжелф хжалд'с ды җӀұйец бољата
• Hansu Hansuen - Дихтатэрин ды дихтатэрин'с

Chemistry

Dãterške Periodic table of the Elements

Group ↓	Period →	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1		H һыд/'ыд	Li лиц	Na нҍид	K кчил	Rb дриб	Cs ҝиԇ	Fr фғинћ
2			Be бірљ	Mg міџ	Ca гҍілс	Sr щӀіһ	Ba бірь	Ra ҝрішд
3					Sc щӀэй	Y йэт	La лңҍяп	Ac 'ӹџҍ
F1							Ce сярп	Th цӹрь
F2							Pr прязд	Pa прӹђъ
F3							Nd лњяд	U ўӹрңҝ
F4							Pm пяһ	Np нпӹгҝ
F5							Sm смяһр	Pu пъӹхң
F6							Eu пяб	Am ӑӹмь
F7							Gd дяҗ/гяҗ	Cm кӹрҝ
F8							Tb тярб	Bk вкӹԇҝ
F9							Dy рдясп	Cf пфӹњҝ
F10							Ho һял	Es йӹнст
F11							Er һряц	Fm фмӹрь
F12							Tm цялм	Md мдңӹл
F13							Yb йят	No њӹбҝ
F14							Lu ляӑт	Lr лрӹнџ
4					Ti тэпӀ	Zr крэз	Hf хӭфң	Rf рфӭдь
5					V внэлб	Nb њэў	Ta тӀӭп	Db дбӭўн
6					Cr хрьэлм	Mo љэйд	W ўӭлӵ	Sg сгӭӵ
7					Mn мнэг/њэмг	Tc йтэхц	Re рңӭщц	Bh бһӭр
8					Fe фэҗ	Ru рэԇ	Os ӑӭљш	Hs һсӭӑ
9					Co ҝэҗ	Rh рһэд	Ir ӑӭрд	Mt мтӭрң
10					Ni њэҗ	Pd спэљ	Pt ӑӭп	Ds дшӭғм
11					Cu гэп	Ag сэп	Au ӑӭўж	Rg ргӭт
12					Zn ԇэн	Cd хэд	Hg ғмӭлһ	Cn цнӭрп
13			B бөд	Al ӑљөм	Ga гҍөљ	In ӵөдң	Tl цөл	Nh нһөџң
14			C гсъарб	Si саљ	Ge/Esi дач	Sn тсан	Pb пћаџб	Fl фларв
15			N нхлет	P пресң	As сбехңт	Sb њхңет	Bi ԇңелғ	Mc мскевң
16			O һок	S сњоб	Se срол	Te тољ	Po ҝпор	Lv лворҝ
17			F фюңл	Cl хюңл	Br люңб	I йюңдь	At ҝюңӵ	Ts тсюңԇ
18		He һұл	Ne ғњӥд	Ar хрёђ	Kr крєћ	Xe хсьәм	Rn ҝрӕун	Og ӑгӧњ

Lexicon

Main page: :Category:Dãterške words