Yerek: Difference between revisions

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'''Yerek''' (Native: ''yerék, γερέκ'' /ʝeˈɾek/) is a [[w:Hellenic_languages|Hellenic language]].
 
{{Infobox language
<!--  
|name = Yerek
 
|nativename = γερέκ <br /> yerék
This is a short reminder of the language format policy.
|pronunciation = ʝeˈɾek
 
|creator = [[User:Shariifka|Shariifka]]
I. Write a short piece stating your intents and purposes when creating the language (Design goal, inspiration, ideas, and so on).
|region = Europe
II. Write a short introduction to your language. (Who speaks it? When was it created? By whom? or what? are some example questions that can be answered here)
<!--
III. Once done, try making sure everything is properly spelt so as to avoid unnecessary reader fatigue.
|states =
 
|nation =
-->
|speakers = -->
|date = 2022
|familycolor = Indo-European
|fam1 = [[w:Indo-European_languages|Indo-European]]
|fam2 = [[w:Graeco-Phrygian|Graeco-Phrygian]]
|fam3 = [[w:Hellenic_languages|Hellenic]]
|fam4 = [[w:Greek_language|Greek]]
<!--
|iso1 =
|iso2 =
|iso3 = -->
|script        = [[w:Greek script|Greek]], [[w:Latin alphabet|Latin]]
<!--
|agency        = -->
}}


==Introduction==
==Introduction==
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-->
-->
===Orthography===
===Orthography===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Latin !! Greek !! IPA !! Remarks
|-
! colspan="4"| Vowels
|-
| a || α || a ||
|-
| e || ε || e ||
|-
| i || η || i ||
|-
| o || ο || o ||
|-
| u || ω || u ||
|-
! colspan="4"| Consonants
|-
| p || π || p ||
|-
| ph || πφ || pʰ ||
|-
| b || μπ || b ||
|-
| rowspan="2"| m || μ || rowspan="2"| m ||
|-
| μβ || When mutated from /v/.
|-
| f || φ || f ||
|-
| v || β || v ||
|-
| t || τ || t ||
|-
| th || τθ || tʰ ||
|-
| d || ντ || d ||
|-
| rowspan="2"| n || ν || rowspan="2"| n ||
|-
| νδ || When mutated from /ð/.
|-
| c || θ || θ ||
|-
| x || δ || ð ||
|-
| s || σ || s ||
|-
| z || ζ || z ||
|-
| l || λ || l ||
|-
| r || ρ || ɾ ||
|-
| rowspan="2"| ky || κ || rowspan="2"| c || Before /e/ or /i/.
|-
| κι || Otherwise.
|-
| rowspan="2"| khy || κχ ||rowspan="2"| cʰ || Before /e/ or /i/.
|-
| κχι || Otherwise
|-
|rowspan="2"| gy || γκ ||rowspan="2"| ɟ || Before /e/ or /i/. 
|-
| γκι || Otherwise
|-
|rowspan="2"| ny || γγ ||rowspan="2"| ɲ || Before /e/ or /i/.
|-
| γγι || Otherwise
|-
|rowspan="2"| hy || χ ||rowspan="2"| ç || Before /e/ or /i/.
|-
| χι || Otherwise
|-
|rowspan="2"| y || γ ||rowspan="2"| ʝ || Before /e/ or /i/.
|-
| γι || Otherwise
|-
| rowspan="2"| k || κυ || rowspan="2"| k || Before /e/ or /i/.
|-
| κ || Otherwise
|-
| rowspan="2"| kh || κχυ ||rowspan="2"| kʰ || Before /e/ or /i/.
|-
| κχ || Otherwise
|-
|rowspan="2"| g || γκυ ||rowspan="2"| ɡ || Before /e/ or /i/.
|-
| γκ || Otherwise
|-
|rowspan="2"| ng || γγυ ||rowspan="2"| ŋ || Before /e/ or /i/.
|-
| γγ || Otherwise
|-
|rowspan="2"| h || χυ ||rowspan="2"| h || Before /e/ or /i/.
|-
| χ || Otherwise
|-
|rowspan="2"| q || γυ ||rowspan="2"| ɣ || Before /e/ or /i/.
|-
| γ || Otherwise
|-
! colspan="4"| Rising diphthongs
|-
| ia || ηα || i̯a ||
|-
| ie || ηε || i̯e ||
|-
| io || ηο || i̯o ||
|-
| iu || ηω || i̯u ||
|-
| ua || ωα || u̯a ||
|-
| ue || ωε || u̯e ||
|-
| ui || ωι || u̯i ||
|-
| uo || ωο || u̯o ||
|-
! colspan="4"| Falling diphthongs
|-
| ai || αη || ai̯ ||
|-
| ei || εη || ei̯ ||
|-
| oi || οη || oi̯ ||
|-
| au || αω || au̯ ||
|-
| eu || εω || eu̯ ||
|-
| ou || οω || ou̯ ||
|-
|}
===Consonants===
===Consonants===


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<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
===Morphophonology===
===Morphophonology===
====Initial consonant mutation====
There are 2 types of initial consonant mutations:
#Nasal mutation (represented <sup><small>N</small></sup>–)
#Aspirate mutation (represented <sup><small>H</small></sup>–)
{| class=wikitable table="text-align:center"
|+ Nasal mutation
! colspan="2"| Consonant !! colspan="2"| Mutated form
|-
| p || π
| b || μπ
|-
| v || β
| m || μβ
|-
| t || τ
| d || ντ
|-
| x || δ
| n || νδ
|-
| ky || κ(ι)
| gy || γκ(ι)
|-
| y || γ(ι)
| ny || γγ(ι)
|-
| k || κ(υ)
| g || γκ(υ)
|-
| q || γ(υ)
| ng || γγ(υ)
|-
|}
{| class=wikitable table="text-align:center"
|+ Aspirate mutation
! colspan="2"| Consonant !! colspan="2"| Mutated form
|-
| p || π
| ph || πφ
|-
| t || τ
| th || τθ
|-
| ky || κ(ι)
| khy || κχ(ι)
|-
| k || κ(υ)
| kh || κχ(υ)
|-
|}
==Morphology==
==Morphology==
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
<!-- Here are some example subcategories:
<!-- Here are some example subcategories:
Nouns
Nouns
Adjectives
Adjectives
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Particles
Particles
Derivational morphology
Derivational morphology
-->
===Nouns and Adjectives===
Yerek has 3 genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. Note that unlike Greek, gender in Yerek is based on natural gender.


Nouns and adjectives are declined identically.
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2"| Case !! colspan="3"| Singular !! colspan="3"| Plural
|-
! Masc. !! Fem. !! Neut. !! Masc. !! Fem. !! Neut.
|-
! Nominative
| colspan="6" | –
|-
! Accusative
| colspan="3"| <sup><small>N</small></sup>–
| colspan="2"| <sup><small>H</small></sup>–
| –
|-
! Genitive
| –
| <sup><small>H</small></sup>–
| –
| colspan="3"| <sup><small>N</small></sup>–
|-
! Dative
| colspan="3"| <sup><small>N</small></sup>–
| colspan="3"| <sup><small>H</small></sup>–
|-
|}
===Articles===
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Definite article
! rowspan="2"| Case !! colspan="3"| Singular !! colspan="3"| Plural
|-
! Masc. !! Fem. !! Neut. !! Masc. !! Fem. !! Neut.
|-
! Nominative
| rowspan="2"| το ||rowspan="2"| τη ||rowspan="2"| το ||rowspan="2"| τω ||rowspan="2"| τε ||rowspan="2"| τα
|-
! Accusative
|-
! Genitive
| rowspan="2"| τω ||rowspan="2"| τη ||rowspan="2"| τω || colspan="3"| τω
|-
! Dative
| colspan="3"| τη
|-
|}
===Pronouns===
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Personal pronouns
! Person !! Singular !! Plural
|-
! 1
| μη || νω
|-
! 2
| ση || πφω
|-
! 3
| colspan="2"| ωτ
|-
|}
<!--
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Third person pronouns
! rowspan="2"| Case !! colspan="3"| Singular !! colspan="3"| Plural
|-
! Masc. !! Fem. !! Neut. !! Masc. !! Fem. !! Neut.
|-
! Nominative
| rowspan="2"| ώτο ||rowspan="2"| ώτη ||rowspan="2"| ώτο ||rowspan="2"| ώτω ||rowspan="2"| ώτε ||rowspan="2"| ώτα
|-
! Accusative
|-
! Genitive
| rowspan="2"| ώτω ||rowspan="2"| ώτη ||rowspan="2"| ώτω || colspan="3"| ώτω
|-
! Dative
| colspan="3"| ώτη
|-
|}
-->
-->
===Verbs===
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center"
|+ Yerek verb conjugation
! Tense !! Imperfective !! Perfective !! Habitual
|-
! Present
| -εν || -ης || -ησαν
|-
! Past
| -ενην || -ησην || -ησηναν
|-
|}


==Syntax==
==Syntax==

Latest revision as of 13:38, 17 November 2024

Yerek (Native: yerék, γερέκ /ʝeˈɾek/) is a Hellenic language.

Yerek
γερέκ
yerék
Pronunciation[ʝeˈɾek]
Created byShariifka

Introduction

Phonology

Orthography

Latin Greek IPA Remarks
Vowels
a α a
e ε e
i η i
o ο o
u ω u
Consonants
p π p
ph πφ pʰ
b μπ b
m μ m
μβ When mutated from /v/.
f φ f
v β v
t τ t
th τθ tʰ
d ντ d
n ν n
νδ When mutated from /ð/.
c θ θ
x δ ð
s σ s
z ζ z
l λ l
r ρ ɾ
ky κ c Before /e/ or /i/.
κι Otherwise.
khy κχ cʰ Before /e/ or /i/.
κχι Otherwise
gy γκ ɟ Before /e/ or /i/.
γκι Otherwise
ny γγ ɲ Before /e/ or /i/.
γγι Otherwise
hy χ ç Before /e/ or /i/.
χι Otherwise
y γ ʝ Before /e/ or /i/.
γι Otherwise
k κυ k Before /e/ or /i/.
κ Otherwise
kh κχυ kʰ Before /e/ or /i/.
κχ Otherwise
g γκυ ɡ Before /e/ or /i/.
γκ Otherwise
ng γγυ ŋ Before /e/ or /i/.
γγ Otherwise
h χυ h Before /e/ or /i/.
χ Otherwise
q γυ ɣ Before /e/ or /i/.
γ Otherwise
Rising diphthongs
ia ηα i̯a
ie ηε i̯e
io ηο i̯o
iu ηω i̯u
ua ωα u̯a
ue ωε u̯e
ui ωι u̯i
uo ωο u̯o
Falling diphthongs
ai αη ai̯
ei εη ei̯
oi οη oi̯
au αω au̯
eu εω eu̯
ou οω ou̯

Consonants

Vowels

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Initial consonant mutation

There are 2 types of initial consonant mutations:

  1. Nasal mutation (represented N–)
  2. Aspirate mutation (represented H–)
Nasal mutation
Consonant Mutated form
p π b μπ
v β m μβ
t τ d ντ
x δ n νδ
ky κ(ι) gy γκ(ι)
y γ(ι) ny γγ(ι)
k κ(υ) g γκ(υ)
q γ(υ) ng γγ(υ)
Aspirate mutation
Consonant Mutated form
p π ph πφ
t τ th τθ
ky κ(ι) khy κχ(ι)
k κ(υ) kh κχ(υ)

Morphology

Nouns and Adjectives

Yerek has 3 genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. Note that unlike Greek, gender in Yerek is based on natural gender.

Nouns and adjectives are declined identically.

Case Singular Plural
Masc. Fem. Neut. Masc. Fem. Neut.
Nominative –
Accusative N– H– –
Genitive – H– – N–
Dative N– H–

Articles

Definite article
Case Singular Plural
Masc. Fem. Neut. Masc. Fem. Neut.
Nominative το τη το τω τε τα
Accusative
Genitive τω τη τω τω
Dative τη

Pronouns

Personal pronouns
Person Singular Plural
1 μη νω
2 ση πφω
3 ωτ

Verbs

Yerek verb conjugation
Tense Imperfective Perfective Habitual
Present -εν -ης -ησαν
Past -ενην -ησην -ησηναν

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources

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