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| [[Cascadian Turkic/Lexicon|Lexicon]] | | '''{{PAGENAME}}''' (''nủtufỉxi'', from ''nủtu'' 'Pategian' + ''fỉxi'' 'language') is a [[Pategic languages|Pategic]] language spoken by the [[Verse:Tricin/Pategia|Pategian]] people in [[Verse:Tricin|Tricin]]. |
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| '''Cascadian Turkic''' is a Turkic language spoken in [[User:IlL/Lõis]]'s Pacific Northwest.
| | It is inspired by Welsh, Hungarian, and classical IE languages (Latin, Greek and Avestan). Pategian is also analogous to Hungarian from a diachronic perspective: roots that are disyllabic in other Pategic languages are often monosyllabic in Pategian. |
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| <!--
| | ==Dialects== |
| | | Pategian has 4 main dialects: |
| This is a short reminder of the language format policy.
| | *Tảmhẻxra |
| | | *Fathrẩc |
| I. Write a short piece stating your intents and purposes when creating the language (Design goal, inspiration, ideas, and so on).
| | *Kẻlet |
| II. Write a short introduction to your language. (Who speaks it? When was it created? By whom? or what? are some example questions that can be answered here)
| | *Ảnfihẻzi |
| III. Once done, try making sure everything is properly spelt so as to avoid unnecessary reader fatigue.
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| -->
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| ==Introduction== | |
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| ===Names===
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| [placeholder]
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| ==Phonology== | | ==Phonology== |
| | ===Consonants=== |
| | p t ts tc k b d dz dq g ph th s c kh h f x z q m n l r lh rh j |
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| All letters are pronounced as in Turkish, except:
| | /p t ts tʃ k b d dz dʒ g f θ s ʃ x h v ð z ʒ m n l r ɬ rʰ j/ |
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| * '''e''' is always /ɛ/ [e̞ ~ ɛ], never /æ/;
| | ===Vowels=== |
| * '''ı''' is typically [ə ~ ʌ̈];
| | a â e i o u y ả ẩ ẻ ỉ ỏ ủ ỷ |
| * '''r''' is /ɹ/ or /ɻ/;
| | /a ɑ e i o u ɨ a: ɑ: e: i: o: u: ɨ:/ |
| * '''ŕ''' is /r/;
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| * '''ȼ''' is /ɬ/;
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| * '''ŋ''' is /ŋ/; and
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| * '''ẓ''' is /ʒ/.
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| The letters '''w''' /w/ and '''y''' /y/ are used in foreign words. In addition, educated speakers often make a distinction between the native phonemes '''h''' /h/ and '''k''' /k/, and the phonemes '''ḥ''' /x/ and '''ḳ''' /q/ respectively, which can be found in Eskimo and Salish loans. However, the use of ejectives in Lushootseed loans that have them, e.g. /ts’əm/ for ''tsım (etmik)'' 'to pick berries' is considered pretentious.
| | ===Pitch accent=== |
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| ===Vowel harmony===
| | Old Pategian had a pitch accent in long vowels which could be rising (written ả) or falling (written ạ). The distinction is neutralized in Modern Pategian. |
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| The symbols X and O denote two underspecified vowels. X can be i, ı, u or ü, and O can be e, a, o or ö.
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| ===Phonotactics=== | | ===Phonotactics=== |
| <!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
| | No initial clusters, geminates allowed |
| ===Morphophonology===
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| ==Morphology==
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| ===Nouns===
| | Stress follows the Dreimorengesetz. |
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| Cascadian Turkic has 6 cases:
| | ==Morphology== |
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| |-
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| ! Case !! Nominative !! Genitive !! Accusative !! Locative !! Ablative !! Dative
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| |-
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| | Ending || || -(n)O || -(n)X || -dX/-tX || -dXn/-tXn || -kX, -ŋX after a vowel
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| |}
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| The plural is -lXŕ.
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| Unusually for a Turkic language, first and second person possessives are prefixes.
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! Person !! Singular !! Plural
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| | 1 || be- || rim-
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| |-
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| | 2 || ȼe- || re-
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| |}
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| The third person possessive is a suffix: -(s)X. -sX may be abbreviated to -s.
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| ===Verbs=== | |
| * Simple present: -(X)ŕ-, negative -mXr-
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| * Present continuous: -bie-, negative -mXbie-
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| * Past: -dX/tX-, negative -mXdX-
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| * Evidential past: -mXs-, negative -mXmXs-
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| * Future: -(X)ẓXŋ-, negative -mXẓXŋ-
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| Here are the personal suffixes:
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! Person !! Singular !! Plural
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| | 1 || -mXn || -mXr
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| |-
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| | 2 || -sXn || -sXr
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| |-
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| | 3 || -Ø/-dXŕ/-tXŕ || -Ø/-lXŕ
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| |}
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| These work somewhat differently in the present continuous tense:
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! Person !! Singular !! Plural
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| | 1 || -biemin || -biemir
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| |-
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| | 2 || -biesin || -biesir
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| |-
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| | 3 || -bier || -bier/-bieliŕ
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| |}
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| In the future tense and in predicative sentences (where these suffixes are attached to nouns or adjectives), -sXn and -sXr become -ȼXn and -ȼXr respectively. The suffix -dXŕ/tXŕ may be used for third person predicatives.
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| The existential verb 'there is' is ''bıaŕ'', negative ''ẓuok''.
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| The root ''tut-'' can be used with the meaning 'to have'.
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| ==Syntax==
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| ===Constituent order===
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| ===Noun phrase===
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| ===Verb phrase===
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| ===Sentence phrase===
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| ===Dependent clauses===
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| <!-- etc. etc. -->
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| ==Example texts==
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| ==Some non-Turkic words==
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| ''Süötüptün'' = the Pacific Northwest, from Lushootseed "swátixʷtəd" (earth)
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| ''tsımetmik'' = to pick berries, from Lushootseed "c’əb"
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| ''tsımẓı'' = berry picker (-ẓı ~ Turkish -cı)
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| ''shıwın'' = blackberry, from Lushootseed "sx̌əgʷəd"
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| ==Other resources== | | ==Poetry== |
| <!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
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| <!-- Template area -->
| | Most ancient Pategian poetry was written in flexible quantitative meters reminiscent of Vedic Sanskrit, but a few authors have experimented with the stricter quantitative meters used in [[Sowaár]] poetry. Stress-accentual meters and rhyming unmetric verse, influenced by [[Windermere]] poetry, are also common. |
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| [[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]] | | [[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]][[Category:Conlangs]] |
| [[Category:Conlangs]] | | [[Category:Pseudo-Uralic]][[Category:Languages]] |
| [[Category:Lõis]] | | [[Category:Pategic languages]] |
Pategian (nủtufỉxi, from nủtu 'Pategian' + fỉxi 'language') is a Pategic language spoken by the Pategian people in Tricin.
It is inspired by Welsh, Hungarian, and classical IE languages (Latin, Greek and Avestan). Pategian is also analogous to Hungarian from a diachronic perspective: roots that are disyllabic in other Pategic languages are often monosyllabic in Pategian.
Dialects
Pategian has 4 main dialects:
- Tảmhẻxra
- Fathrẩc
- Kẻlet
- Ảnfihẻzi
Phonology
Consonants
p t ts tc k b d dz dq g ph th s c kh h f x z q m n l r lh rh j
/p t ts tʃ k b d dz dʒ g f θ s ʃ x h v ð z ʒ m n l r ɬ rʰ j/
Vowels
a â e i o u y ả ẩ ẻ ỉ ỏ ủ ỷ
/a ɑ e i o u ɨ a: ɑ: e: i: o: u: ɨ:/
Pitch accent
Old Pategian had a pitch accent in long vowels which could be rising (written ả) or falling (written ạ). The distinction is neutralized in Modern Pategian.
Phonotactics
No initial clusters, geminates allowed
Stress follows the Dreimorengesetz.
Morphology
Poetry
Most ancient Pategian poetry was written in flexible quantitative meters reminiscent of Vedic Sanskrit, but a few authors have experimented with the stricter quantitative meters used in Sowaár poetry. Stress-accentual meters and rhyming unmetric verse, influenced by Windermere poetry, are also common.