Eighth edition lekma: Difference between revisions

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===A short introduction===
↳[[Eighth_edition_lekma/Smallset|Small set]]
 
__noeditsection__
To have a miniture language to know more of natural languages. For that reason lekma/leχmɐ/ has been/is being made.
 
A lekma sentence consists of an interjection + agent x clitic(roughly an object) x verb + a complement(subject/topic) x a particle(like , is it? phrases)
 
 
===Phonology===
*Graphemes of each phonemes are listed below.
==Consonants==
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 884px; text-align:center;"
!  style="width: 68px; "|
!  style="width: 68px; "|Bilabial
!  style="width: 68px; "|Labio-dental
!  style="width: 68px; "|Dental
!  style="width: 68px; "|Alveolar
!  style="width: 68px; "|Post-alveolar
!  style="width: 68px; "|Retroflex
!  style="width: 68px; "|Alveolo-palatal
!  style="width: 68px; "|Palatal
!  style="width: 68px; "|Velar
!  style="width: 68px; "|Uvular
!  style="width: 68px; "|Pharyngeal
!  style="width: 68px; "|Epiglottal
!  style="width: 68px; "|Glottal
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Nasal
| m<br>m
|
|
| n<br>n
|
| ɳ<br>nr
|
| ɲ<br>nh
| ŋ<br>un,-nn
|
|
|
|
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Plosive
| p b<br>ff,b b,rb
|
|
| t d<br>tt,t,d d,rd
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|
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|
| k g<br>k,c c,rc
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|
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| ʔ<br>kk
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Affricate
|
|
|
| t͡s<br>tz
|
| ʈ͡ʂ<br>tr
| t͡ɕ<br>th
|
|
|
|
|
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|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Fricative
|
| f<br>f
| θ<br>cz
| s<br>s
|
| ʂ<br>sr
| ɕ<br>sh
|
|
| χ<br>-k,ch
|
|
| ɦ<br>hh
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Approximant
|
| ʋ<br>v
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|
|
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| j<br>i-
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|
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|
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|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Trill
|
|
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| ʀ<br>hr
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|
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|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Flap or tap
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|
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| ɾ<br>-r,-rr-
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|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Lateral app.
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|
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| l<br>l
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|
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| ʎ<br>lh
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|
|
|
|
|}
 
 
==Vowels==
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center"
!  style="width: 90px; "|
!  style="width: 90px; "|Front
!  style="width: 90px; "|Near-front
!  style="width: 90px; "|Central
!  style="width: 90px; "|Near-back
!  style="width: 90px; "|Back
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Close
| i y<br>i ü
|
|
|
| ɯ u<br>û u
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Close-mid
| e ø<br>e ö
|
|
|
| o<br>o
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Open-mid
|
|
|
|
| ʌ<br>ô
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Near-open
|
|
| ɐ<br>â
|
|
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Open
|
|
| ä<br>a
|
|
|}
 
===Morpheme/Particle of nouns===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center"
!  style="width: 90px; "|
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the agent of a transitive verb}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the subject/locative of an intransitive verb}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the direct/indirect object of a verb}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|possessive form}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|plural form}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|plural possessive form}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|word}}
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|*ac/ʔɐk/
| sac/sɐk/
| nac/nɐk/
| ac/ʔɐk/
| ács/ʔäks/
| ácen/ʔäːgen/
| ácens/ʔäːgens/
| I
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|*üe/ʔyː/
| sü/syː/
| nü/nyː/
| üe/ʔyː/
| ües/ʔyːs/
| üen/ʔyːen/
| üens/ʔyːens/
| You
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|*hhai/ɦäi/
| aisaé/ɦäinsäe/
| ainaé/ɦäinäe/
| hhai/ɦäi/
| hhais/ɦäis/
| aienaé,aiensaé,aien/ɦäien/
| aiens/ɦäiens/
| They
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|*kkae/ʔae/
| aesaé/ʔaesäe/
| aenaé/ʔaenäe/
| àe/ʔae/
| àies/ʔaies/
| àiensaé,àiennaé,àien/ʔaien/
| àiens/ʔaiens/
| Thing
|}
*Seems that there are spelling irregularities in lekma.
*hhai takes the same declension as the other nouns.
 
===Morpheme/Particle of verbs===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center"
!  style="width: 90px; "|
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|present/habitual predicational form of verb}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|predicational adjective: the motion is processing/incomplete}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|predicational adjective: the motion is in the future/subjunctive mood}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|predicational adjective: the motion is at a completion}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|word}}
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|*sel/sel/
| ser[seɾ]
| selínde/selindɐ/
| seat/seɦät/,sád
| selínt/selint/
| be
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|*bal/bäl/
| bar[bäɾ]
| balínde/bälindɐ/
| baat/bäɦät/,bád
| balínt/bälint/
| have
|-
! style="text-align: center; "| *tel/tel/
| ter[teɾ]
| telínde/telindɐ/
| teat/teɦät/,tád
| telínt/telint/
| hang,raise
|}
 
 
 
 
[[Category:Languages]]

Latest revision as of 14:21, 2 June 2024


↳Small set

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