User:IlL/Sketchbook: Difference between revisions

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==This was bound to happen==
== Burmese roms ==
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;"
=== v0 ===
! colspan="11"|Consonants
<poem>
|-
Ŧăȷā hmȷạ·ŧạ luc·lac khȷīnh nẹ mă tuê
! colspan="2" |
ta.ra: hmya. ta. lwat lap hkrang: nai. ma. swe
!  |Bilabial
[tɪ.já m̥ja̰.ta̰ lʊʔ.laʔ t͡ɕʰɪ́ŋ nɛ̰ mə t̪wè ǀ]
!  |Labio-dental
 
!  |Dental
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
!  |Alveolar
tui. prany, tui. mre
!  |Palatal
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]
!  |Velar
 
!  |Radical
Mȷā lu khat·tê̄nh nhê̄nh·gkhȷan zxê bộ
!  |Glottal
mya: lu hkap sim: ngrim: hkyam: ce hpo.
|-
[mjá lù kʰaʔ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ ɲéɪ̯ɰ̃.d͡ʑán zè βo̰ ǀ]
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
 
| '''m''' /m/
Khuỵnh ŧu·nhı hmȷạ, wa·đạ phȷu·xınh đŧệ pȷê
|
hkwang. tu nyi hmya. wada. hpyu cang tai. prany
|colspan="2"| '''n''' /n/
[kʰwɪ̰ŋ tù.ɲì m̥ja̰ ǀ wà.da̰ (ǀ) pʰjù.sɪ̀ŋ dḛ pjè ǀ]
|
 
| '''n''' [ŋ]
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
|
tui. prany tui. mre
|
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]
|-
 
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
Pȷı·đŧhong·zxụ ămuê ămȷē ŧı·đŧạn zxê
! |<small>voiceless</small>
prany htaung cu. a mwi a.mrai: tany tam. ce
| '''p''' /p/
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ʔə.mwè ʔ(ə.)mjɛ́ tì.da̰ŋ zè]
|
 
|colspan="2"| '''t''' /t/
Ă·đêch·ŧhan pȷụ bpê, ŧhênh·tênh zxộ lê
|
a.dhithtan pru. pe htin: sim: cui. le
| '''c''' /k/
[ʔ(ə.)deɪ̯ʔ.tʰàn pjṵ βè ǀ tʰéɪ̯ŋ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ zo̰ lè ǁ]
|rowspan=2| '''q''' /ʡ/
 
| (ʔ)
Găba mă kȷê, Mȷăma pȷê
|-
kambha ma. kye, mranma prany
! |<small>voiced</small>
[ɡ(ə.)βà mə t͡ɕè ǀ mjə.mà pjè ǀ]
| '''b''' /b/
 
|
Độ bô̄·boā ămuê xıch mộ khȷıch mȷat nô̄ bê
|colspan="2"| '''d''' /d/
tui. bhui: bwa: a.mwe cac mui. hkyac mrat nui: pe
|
[do̰ βó.bwá (ʔə.)mwè sɪʔ mo̰ t͡ɕʰɪʔ mjaʔ nó βè ǁ]
| '''g''' /g/
 
|
Pȷi·đŧhong·zxụ gô ătet pê̄ lộ độ ka goe mălê
|-
prany htaung cu. kui a.sak pe: lui. tui. ka kwai ma.le
! rowspan="2" style="" |Fricative
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ɡò ʔ(ə.)t̪ɛʔ pé lo̰ do̰ kà ɡwɛ̀ m(ə.)lè ǀ]
! |<small>voiceless</small>
 
| '''f''' /ɸ/
Đa độ pȷê đa độ mȷê độ panh·net mȷê
|
da tui. prany da tui. mre tui. puing nak mre
| '''th''' /θ/
[dà do̰ pjè dà do̰ mjè do̰ pàɪ̯ŋ.nɛʔ mjè ǀ]
| '''s''' /s/
 
| '''š''' /ʃ/  
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê, ăkjô̄ gô nhı·nha zxoa độ đăđuê
| '''ch''' /x/
tui. prany tui. mre a.kyui: kui nyi nya cwa tui. ta.twe
|rowspan="2" | '''ħ''' /ħ~ʜ~ʢ/
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǀ ʔ(ə.)t͡ɕó ɡò ǀ ɲì.ɲà zwà do̰ d(ə.)dwè ǀ]
|rowspan="2" | '''h''' /h~ɦ/
 
|-
Ŧhān xhong ba zxộ lê, độ ta·wung bê ăphô̄·ŧan mȷê
! |<small>voiced</small>
htam: hcaung pa sui. le tui. ta wan pe a. hpui: tan mre
|
[tʰán sʰàʊ̯ŋ bà zo̰ lè ǀ do̰ tà.wʊ̀ŋ bè ʔ(ə.)pʰó.tàn mjè ǁ]
| '''v''' /v/
</poem>
| '''ð''' /ð/
 
| '''z''' /z/
=== v1 ===
| '''ž''' /ʒ/
<poem>
|
Tyȷā hmȷȧtȧ luqlaq khȷīɴ nɛ̇ my þwe
|-
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
! colspan="2" |Affricate
Mȷā lu khaqþēɴ nȷēɴgkhȷaɴ zse bȯ
|
Khwiɴ tunȷı hmȷȧ, wadȧ phȷusıɴ dtė pȷe
|
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
|
Pȷıdthɔɴzsu̇ ymwe ymȷɛ̇ tıdtȧɴ zse
|
Ydeqthaɴ pȷu̇ bpe, thenþeɴ zsȯ le
| '''ŧ''' /tʃ/
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
|
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
|
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
|
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
|-
Pȷidthɔɴzsu̇ go yþɛq pē lȯ dȯ ka gwɛ myle
! colspan="2" |Approximant
Da dȯ pȷe da dȯ mȷe dė pɛɴnɛq mȷe
|
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe, ykjō go nȷınȷa zwa dȯ dydwe
| '''v''' [ʋ]
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsȯ le, dȯ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mȷe
|
</poem>
|
=== v2 ===
| '''ı''' /j/
<poem>
|
Tyjā hmjătă luqlaq khjīɴ nɛ{{breve}} my þwe
|
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
|
Mjā lu khaqþēɴ njēɴgkhjaɴ zse bŏ
|-
Khwĭɴ tunji hmjă, wadă phjusiɴ dtĕ pȷe
! colspan="2" |Trill
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
|
Pjidthɔɴzsŭ ymwe ymjɛ{{breve}} tıdtăɴ zse
|
Ydeqthaɴ pjŭ bpe, thenþeɴ zsŏ le
|colspan="2"| '''r''' /r/
 
|
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
|
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
|
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
|
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
|-
Pjĭdthɔɴzsŭ go yþɛq pē lŏ dŏ ka gwɛ myle
! colspan="2" |Lateral app.
Da dŏ pje da dŏ mje dĕ pɛɴnɛq mje
|
Dŏ pȷe, dŏ mȷe, ykjō go njinja zwa dŏ dydwe
|
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsŏ le, dŏ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mje
|colspan="2"| '''l''' /l/
</poem>
| '''ł''' /ʎ/
=== v3 ===
|
Deliberately English/German-like
|
 
|
Ch for aspiration, þ/ð for dental stops
|}
 
Superscript the original consonant before a voiced initial that's a result of voicing sandhi
 
<poem>
Rimes:
ị i ī ịn in īn it
ẹ e ē ạne ane āne ate
ạre are āre ịne ine īne ite
ạ a ā ạn an ān at et
ạw aw āw ọun oun ōun out
ọ o ō ọne one ōne ote
ụ u ū ọon oon ōon oot
</poem>
 
<poem>
<sup>k</sup>gəba ma che, myəma pye
dọ bōbwā əmwe sit mọ chhit myat nō be
</poem>
 
== World's worst romanization for Vietnamese ==
=== Initials ===
<poem>
ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃  = m n nh ng
n{{lsb}} n þ ɟ ꞃ y q = p b t đ tr ch c/k/qu
f ɟ{{lrb}} q{{lrb}} = ph th kh
ſ p{{lrb}} = x s
ƿ ȷ j r = v d gi g
λ p = l r
</poem>
 
The initials ʔ h are indicated by placing spiritus lenis and spiritus asper above the first letter, and {{angbr|ƿ}} is used for the /w/ medial: ƿηɟ̃, Ƿ{{lsb}}ηɟ̃, ƿ{{lrb}}ηɟ̃s = viên, Uyên, huyền.
 
=== Nuclei ===
* u ɯ w e ɘ ə ɵ æ a ɐ ɑ = i/y ư u ê ơ â ô e a ă o
* η ξ ω = ia/iê, ưa/ươ, ua/
 
=== Finals ===
* ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃  = m n nh ng
* n ɟ y q = p t ch c
* ι υ = /-j -w/
=== Tones ===
tones: -0 -s -b -m -v -d = ngang, huyen, sac, nang, hoi, nga
 
==Hōbispellum Jōhannis Tōtiscē==
<poem>
1:1 In occinunquā vore Verbum, ante Verbum vore ob Hutum, ante Hutus vore Verbum.
1:2 Tod vore in occinunquā ob Hutum.
1:3 Alla terque eum magāta sunt, ante enū eō magātum est nēctis, quod magātum est.
1:4 In eō līpum vore, ante līpum vore lūctum lūbium.
</poem>
 
==Semantic drifts==
===Truth===
*true/proof > guilt
*to stand, to stay, to be straight up > to be true
*true/show/prove > to vindicate > to win
 
==Dakelh/Tlingit inspired Dodellic==
 
==Bylȳn==
[[Main_Page/Themsarian]]
 
put in Dodellic; Wdm substrate
 
phonology:
*/m n p b t d tš dž k g (glottal stop) f s š x H h v z ž r l/ {{angbr|m n p b t d ť ď k g q f s š ch x h v z ž r l}}
*/a e i u y a: e: i: u: y: ai au iə uə/ {{angbr|a e i u y aa ee ii uu yy ai au ie ua}}
**Responsible for Wdm vowel shift: *u > ü, *o > u, *a > o, *ä > a
*pitch accent
 
==Trician doublets==
*Thensarian ardlaccātom > atxagátañ (via Nurian) ~ dlahgað (via Tigol) ~ glyçád (via glăchad) ~ plahad (via Clofabosin placadin) - various stringed instruments
*Pida (Mărotłian teacher) ~ pda (Dr.) ~ Modern Wdm. pra (honorific pronoun)
 
==Silly language family trees==
*Trigonic languages
**Sinitic
***Mandarin
***Cantonese
****Schwyzerdütsch
***Sinaitic
****Phoenician
*****Greek
******Inuktitut
**Coshitic
***Vietnamese
****Sinh
****Tanh
****Sech
***Hyperbolgarian
***Beta
***Proto-Afro-Asiatic
**Deltan languages (aka Newtono-Leibnizic)
***Hessian German
***Turingian German
****[[Tyrith]] (from older ''*Türiŋit'')
****Lambda calculus
****Mathematica
****C++
*****Sanskrit
**Triforcian languages
***Hylian
****Tritriforcian languages
*****Tritritriforcian languages
******...
*******Sierpińskian
 
==Qiala Gaivuan's Dwarvish==
Wäßßmerian/Highlands Wiobian consonant shift (stolen wholesale from High German consonant shift):
 
Phase 1 (final or intervocallic):
/p/ > /f/ <''f''>
/t/ > /s/ <''ß''>
/c/ > /ç/ > later /z/ bzw. /ʃ/ <''s/sch''>
/k/ > /x/ > later /χ/ <''ch''>
 
Phase 2 (initial, geminated or after a resonant)
/p/ > /pf/ <''pf''>
/t/ > /ts/ <''ßß''> > word initially /s/ <''ß''>
/c/ > /cç/ > later /''tʃ''/ <zsch>
/k/ > /kx/ > later /''χ''/ <ch>
 
Phase 3
/b/ > /p/ fortis or lenis <''p''>
/d/ > /t/ fortis or lenis <''t''>
/ɟ/ > /c/ fortis or lenis <''z''>
/g/ > /k/ fortis or lenis <''k''>
 
Other changes:
/θ~ð/ > /d/ > later lenis /t/ <''d''>
/f~v/ > /b/ > later lenis /p/ <''b''> (after a vowel)
/sk, çk/ > sch /ʃ/
Auslautverhärtung
 
==Paucal of humility==
There are three numbers: singular ({{sc|sg}}) representing one object, paucal ({{sc|pc}}) for a few, and plural ({{sc|pl}}) for many. The paucal form usually denotes two to nine items, but the boundary between paucal and plural is quite fluid; a paucal could be used for a larger number for contrast with a much larger number of things. The plural number in pronouns also serves as an honorific; complementarily, using paucal pronouns where a plural is expected entails a "dishonorific", humble or pejorative meaning.
==Something with my old Tsjoen grammar==
Txapoalli? Naquic?
 
==Manxome (Manx-Hmoob hybrid)==
A close relative of Skellan with the GVS? Or is this just Ko?
 
Cedilla and double vowel mania
 
Mix in a little Dutch?
 
==IE conlang ideas==
*'want' from bhr-h1s- (bear-DES)
*"try 1SG-ACC VERB-INF" = try to VERB me (actually looks pretty german)
 
=="Ah, meine Treußer" gibs==
*Săchał yang hălsreaf chrăthüng fi pdath yas măfongșor! Wănguas fi binreach wangsăfab thearłăsab făneyșumab pălontumab acsitumab gopliximab fizoraximab prozamumab cabituzumab... Ah, endocebuxin!
*sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi sqʷadbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil quizoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen!
 
==Some old gibs==
Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer.
Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen
der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt!
der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht.
(irish gib is also easy to adapt)
Und dauchte die Miegung.
Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha.
An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach?
und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach
makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí
Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen
Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim
sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha
 
Pirandetam ver ketassinosin ket ligerinogenine
 
Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst! Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst.
 
die Anschrängerungen verkiech die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierte.
Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren.
Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον!
Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον.
Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν.
 
Sʼeik beih Đâh kglumm gnüar Haem Päh jehn knuck Lö Mott nihr ngå Pluh Reaz Sra Ksaot teap klav Waü Zeay Þael
 
Azz kemm jick gno Sruck bâzz skång mäch dö' Lümm dak mihn mu påhng Sjä Kbael Pfeiz rao Smau tngaör zbaü lean Sek Woh tböhng sia Koas Tuah Gnüang
 
==Scope of negation==
different negative markers for scope
 
==Llanfair...gogogoch gib==
Reduplication (goch > gogogoch)
 
==Fyxámian national anthem==
===Eevo===
===English translation===
====Verse 1====
<poem>
[...]
[...]
''From antipode to antipode''
''Men of thy deeds do sing.''
</poem>
====Refrain====
 
==Book and paper titles in Eevo==
*(''A Bound for the Number of Points on Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields'')
*(''Spectral Sequences of Algebraic Varieties'')
*''Mroga-xiv ry blwhir jybinþylisár ar jonda jynéeb'' (''Zeta Functions of Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields'') (fT 2259)
*''Regular Temperaments''
 
==Primitive Seargais==
 
<poem>
long vowels:
a: e: i: o: u: æ: ø: y: from
broad á aí/ai/oi oí/uí/ui ó/ao ú/ua/ui ái ói/aío/aoi úi/oío/uío/uai
slender eá ei/éi/éa í/ia/iai eo iú/io/iu ea/éa/eai/eái eoi iúi/ío
 
éa becomes æ: before broad d, n, l and r, and e: elsewhere
ui becomes u: before broad d, n, l and r, and i: elsewhere


short vowels:
a e i o u -> a ʲa ʲɨ a ɨ


==Diachronics lab==
changes from proto seargais to seargais
Pluractionality ≈ antipassive!
high vowels move one POA
(u -> ü, ü -> i but aü stays put)
there's the merger
now o becomes u to fill in the gap, a becomes o and æ becomes a
a e i o u æ ø y ->
o e i u y a ø i
e -> ə
which triggers i -> ia, ia -> e, y -> i, u -> ɨ, o -> u, a -> ua, ua -> o
so i get
a e i o u æ ø y ia ua ai au ay ->
o e i u y a ø i ia ua ai au ay ->
u ə ia ɨ i ua _ ia e o ai au _
ø -> ɛ -> a while ay -> aɨ
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ (i now have all the vowels!)
breathy voice ablaut patterns:
e/i/ai -> ə/ia/ai
o/u/au -> ɨ/i/au
ö/ü/aü -> a/ia/aɨ
chaotic!


we exc/inc > we formal/intimate
a/ua -> u/o
ä/ia -> ua/e


Demonstrative/definite affix > construct state: PL-clam-those [of the] man > PL-clam-CONST man
spelling: a e i o u y w = /a e i o u ə ɨ/


Classifiers are in onstruct state
short a -> y
short ɨ -> w (very few modern Seargais speakers make the distinction between the short vowels using y for both)
</poem>
===Seargais superstrate===
<poem>
same breathy voice pattern except there's a GVS
a e i o u ä ö ü ua ia ai au aü ->
o i ai u au e ü aü uo ie ä a a
compare
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ
these are heard by seargais speakers as
o i ai u au ə ɨ aɨ e o e a a
</poem>
===Seargais consonants===
<poem>
p t q pʰ tʰ χ m n w θ ʟ r tɬ ɬ (broad)
f ts k f ts kʰ m n j s ɬ r tʃ ʃ (slender)


this CL NOUN > the.GENDER NOUN
Urú'ed:
m n ʟ mʰ nʰ χ m n pf θ ʟ r nl tɬ (broad)
m n ŋ mʰ nʰ ŋʰ m n f ts ɬ r n tʃ (slender)
the combined set of phonemes:
p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ q
f θ s ɬ ʃ χ
pf ts tɬ tʃ
m mʰ n nʰ ŋ ŋʰ nl
j w ʟ r
h is missing
broad sm and sn can become h
urúing to tʰ
actually it should stay as θm and θn
θm -> voiceless m -> h also works
it doesn't impact the morphology


apposition NOUN-1SG NOUN > CL-1SG NOUN > of_i-1SG NOUN_i
</poem>


PREP-3SG NOUN > CASE.SG-NOUN
==Huichaltzah's alien language==
p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ
s ɬ x h
m n ŋ
l ʟ w j
a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels)


CONJ VERB NOUN > PREP NOUN
Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases


evidential-marking "because" or "therefore", as opposed to the protasis
==Bändli==
Zulu pseudo-gib


==Dili==
===Initials===
'''Dili''' ('''diḷi khokši''') is a Bonzic language using sizable clitic complexes.


*Relative clauses occur before the noun. There is no marking save the order.
schm, m > m, mh


==Witcanese==
schn, n > n, nh
Wetcanese is a mainly agglutinative, head-final language.


:''Kòtih wanaih kèpwanchè.''
schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh
::<small>1SG.GEN-ERG mother-ERG 1SG.ABS-hate-WIT</small>
::My mother used to hate me.
===Phonology===
Wetcanese has a simple syllable structure relative to most European languages. Permissible syllable shapes are V, CV, VC, CVC, CGV, and CGVC where G is a glide.


===Grammar===
sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b
====Nouns====
{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="5"| '''Noun Declension'''
|-
!scope="row" width="110px"|Number→<br/>Case↓
!colspan="2" width="165px" scope="col"|Singular
!colspan="2" width="165px" scope="col"|Plural
|-
!scope="row"|Absolutive
|colspan="2"|''-0''
|colspan="2"|''-w'', ''-u''
|-
!scope="row"|Ergative
|colspan="2"|''-ih''
|colspan="2"|''-wih''
|-
!scope="row"|Dative
|colspan="2"|''-af''
|colspan="2"|''-waf''
|-
!scope="row"|Locative
|colspan="2"|''-him''
|colspan="2"|''-uhim'', ''-whim''
|-
!scope="row"|Ablative
|colspan="2"|''-chay''
|colspan="2"|''-uchay'', ''-wchay''
|-
!scope="row"|Comitative
|colspan="2"|''-yã''
|colspan="2"|''-uyã'', ''-wyã''
|-
!scope="row"|Instrumental
|colspan="2"|''-run''
|colspan="2"|''-urun'', ''-wrun''
|-
!scope="row"|Essive
|colspan="2"|''-hòg''
|colspan="2"|''-uhòg'', ''-whòg''
|-
!scope="row"|Genitive
|colspan="4"|''-t-'' (see Genitive declension)
|-
|}


====Adjectives and Genitives====
st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d
Adjectives (including genitives) agree with the noun in case and number. Adjectives take the same endings as nouns. However, many adjectives are genitive adjectives formed form nouns, corresponding to the adjectival suffix in other languages.


ŧ, sŧ, đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g
|-
! colspan="5"| '''Genitive Declension'''
|-
!scope="row" width="110px"|Number→<br/>Case↓
!colspan="2" width="165px" scope="col"|Singular
!colspan="2" width="165px" scope="col"|Plural
|-
!scope="row"|Absolutive
|colspan="2"|''-t''
|colspan="2"|''-tèw''
|-
!scope="row"|Ergative
|colspan="2"|''-tih''
|colspan="2"|''-twih''
|-
!scope="row"|Dative
|colspan="2"|''-taf''
|colspan="2"|''-twaf''
|-
!scope="row"|Locative
|colspan="2"|''-thim''
|colspan="2"|''-tuhim''
|-
!scope="row"|Ablative
|colspan="2"|''-tchay''
|colspan="2"|''-tuchay''
|-
!scope="row"|Comitative
|colspan="2"|''-tyã''
|colspan="2"|''-tuyã''
|-
!scope="row"|Instrumental
|colspan="2"|''-tèrun''
|colspan="2"|''-turun''
|-
!scope="row"|Essive
|colspan="2"|''-thòg''
|colspan="2"|''-tuhòg''
|-
!scope="row"|Genitive
|colspan="4"|''-tèt-''
|-
|}


====Verbs====
r > hh
Verbs in Wetcanese have no tense or aspect inflection; instead, there is evidentiality and mood which can do double duty as certain tenses The irrealis is the default, unmarked mood/evidentiality, serving the role of the infinitive or the future in other languages.


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 275px; text-align: center;"
f, w > f, v
|-
! colspan="2"| '''Wetcanese mood/evidentiality affixes'''
|-
! width="110px"|irrealis
| width="165px"|''-Ø''
|-
!|witness
|''-chè''
|-
!|emphatic
|''-kòd''
|-
!|jurative
|''-tèmuh''
|-
!|quotative
|''-sha''
|-
!|mirative
|''-quh''
|-
!|hearsay
|''-ot''
|-
!|inferential
|''-eq''
|-
!|assumptive
|''-rwè''
|-
!|optative
|''-mes''
|-
!|imperative
|''-wõ''
|-
!|potential
|''-hiw''
|-
!|desiderative
|''-pãs''
|-
!|admonitive
|''-ay''
|-
!|permissive
|''-hyè''
|}


:''Phátu nuku'''chè'''...''
fl, kl, schl > hl
::''When did I last see it... (lit. When it was_located-I saw...)''


The mirative marks new information that the speaker is witnessing. It often corresponds to present tense. In narratives it is used to exhort the listener for attention.
bl, gl > dl


:''Qayòlih milám huga'''quh'''.''
pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/
::''Hey, the demon's chasing the dog!/Behold, the demon chased the dog.''


The quotative is used for information from third-party sources deemed to be authoritative. As such it is the evidential most often encountered in narratives.
br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/


:''Qayòlih milám huga'''sha'''.''
j > y
::''The demon chased the dog. (narrative)''


The admonitive is used in prohibitions and warnings, and for negative purpose clauses.
schw > f


:''Phi qhashãs'''ay'''''
z, s, sch > s, z, sh
::''Do not wander around''
:''ha ãbè mòsip'''ay'''''
::''lest this be forgotten''


Wetcanese makes use of verbal affixes, instead of intonation (like English) or word order (as in some European languages and Celtic/Hebrew), in order to focus a constituent.
ent- > prenasalization


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 275px; text-align: center;"
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
! colspan="2"| '''Focus prefixes'''
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" | Labial
! colspan="2" | Alveolar
! rowspan="2" | Palatal
! rowspan="2" | Velar
! rowspan="2" | Glottal
|-
|-
! width="110px"|absolutive
! central
| width="165px"|''ne-''
! lateral
|-
|-
!|ergative
! rowspan="4" | Click
|''hin-''
! plain
|
|
|
| {{IPA|ǃ}}
|
|
|-
|-
!|beneficiary
! aspirated
|''mac-''
|
|
|
| {{IPA|ǃʰ}}
|
|
|-
|-
!|instrument
! nasalised
|''qo-''
|
|
|
| {{IPA|ᵑǃ}}
|
|
|-
|-
!|location
! breathy nasalised
|''ya-''
|
|
|
| {{IPA|ᶢǃʱ}}
|
|
|-
|-
!|source
! rowspan="2" | Nasal
|''hòt-''
! plain
| {{IPA|m}}
| {{IPA|n}}
|
|
| ŋ
|
|-
|-
!|goal
! breathy
|''up-''
| {{IPA|mʱ}}
| {{IPA|nʱ}}
|
|
| {{IPA|ŋʱ}}
|  
|-
|-
!|time
! rowspan="4" | Stop
|''al-''
! voiceless
|}
| {{IPA|p}}
 
| {{IPA|t}}
==TAM session==
|
{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
|
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2"| '''Aspect-mood clitics'''
! aspirated
| {{IPA|pʰ}}
| {{IPA|tʰ}}
|
|
| {{IPA|kʰ}}
|
|-
|-
|''*d-''
! breathy
|aorist
| {{IPA|b}}
| {{IPA|d}}
|
|
| {{IPA|ɡ}}
|
|-
|-
! implosive
| {{IPA|ɓ}}
| ɗ
|
|
|prospective
|-
|
|
|inceptive
| ɠ
|
|-
|-
|
! rowspan="2" | Fricative
|continuative
! voiceless
| {{IPA|f}}
| {{IPA|s}}
| {{IPA|ɬ}}
| {{IPA|ʃ}}
| x
| {{IPA|h}}
|-
|-
! breathy
| {{IPA|v}}
| {{IPA|z}}
| {{IPA|ɮ}}
|
|
|pausative
| ɣ
| {{IPA|ɦ}}
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" | Approximant
! plain
|
|
|resumptive
|-
|
|
|cessative
| {{IPA|l}}
|-
| {{IPA|j}}
|  
|
|
|retrospective
|}
|}


===Vowels===
i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
===Tones===
No tone
 
==Some Clofablang==
*Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ
*Vowel harmony groups:
**high tense: i ʉ
**high lax: ɪ ʊ
**low: æ ʌ
**ə is neutral
 
==Russo-Salish==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Person-tense clitics'''
!rowspan="2" colspan="2"|
!colspan="2" | Labial
!colspan="2" | Alveolar
!rowspan="2" | Retroflex
!colspan="2" | Velar
!rowspan="2" | Glottal
|-
|-
!scope="row"|Number→<br/>Person↓
! <small>hard</small>
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Singulative
! <small>soft</small>
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Generic/Partitive
! <small>hard</small>
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Plurative
! <small>soft</small>
! <small>soft</small>
! <small>hard</small>
|-
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Present'''
!rowspan="2"| Nasal
!<small>glottalized</small>
| ||
| n̪ʼ || nʲʼ
|
| ŋʲʼ
| ŋʼ
|
|-
|-
!scope="row"|1
!<small>plain</small>
|colspan="2"|''*na-''
| m || mʲ
|colspan="4"|''*xa-'' (exclusive); ''*ŋe-'' (inclusive)
| || nʲ
|  
| ŋʲ
| ŋ
|  
|-
|-
!scope="row"|2
!rowspan="3" | Stop
|colspan="2"|
!<small>plain</small>
|colspan="4"|''*sa-''
| ||
| t̪ || tʲ
|
| kʲ
| k
| ʔ
|-
|-
!scope="row"|3
!<small>ejective</small>
|colspan="2"|''*zə-''
| ||  
|colspan="2"|''*cə-''
| t̪ʼ || tʲʼ
|colspan="2"|''*za-''
|  
| kʲʼ
|
|  
|-
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Past'''
!<small>voiced</small>
| b || bʲ
| d̪ || dʲ
|
|
|
|  
|-
|-
!scope="row"|1
!rowspan="3" | Affricate
|colspan="2"|
!<small>plain</small>
|colspan="4"|
| ||
| ts || tsʲ
| tʂ
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
!scope="row"|2
!<small>ejective</small>
|colspan="2"|
| ||  
|colspan="4"|
| tsʼ || tsʲʼ
| tʂʼ
|
|
|  
|-
|-
!scope="row"|3
!<small>voiced</small>
|colspan="2"|
| ||  
|colspan="2"|
| dz || dzʲ
|colspan="2"|
|
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Future'''
!rowspan="2"|Fricative
!<small>voiceless</small>
| f || fʲ
| s || sʲ
| ʂ
| xʲ
| x
| h
|-
|-
!scope="row"|1
!<small>voiced</small>
|colspan="2"|
| v || vʲ
|colspan="4"|
| z || zʲ
| ʐ
| ɣʲ
| ɣ
|  
|-
|-
!scope="row"|2
!rowspan=2| Approximant
|colspan="2"|
!<small>glottalized</small>
|colspan="4"|
| ||
| lˠʼ || lʲʼ
|  
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
!scope="row"|3
!<small>plain</small>
|colspan="2"|
| ||
|colspan="2"|
| ||
|colspan="2"|
|
|-
| j
! colspan="9"| '''Jussive'''
|
|-
|
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|}
|}


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 90px; "|
! style="width: 90px; " |Front
! style="width: 90px; " |Central
! style="width: 90px; " |Back
|-
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Person enclitics'''
! style="" |Close
| i
|
| u
|-
|-
!scope="row"|Number→<br/>Person↓
! style="" |Mid
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Singulative
|  
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Generic/Partitive
| ə
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Plurative
|  
|-
|-
!scope="row"|1
! style="" |Open
|colspan="2"|
|  
|colspan="4"|
| a
|-
|  
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|}
|}


===Nominal declension===
==Salish + Old Chinese==
m n ŋ ŋʷ
mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ
p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ
pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ
b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ
s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each)
a e i o u ə
 
==CW language sketch==
m n
p t ts k q
b d dz g
s h ʀ
w l r j
 
i u
e o
æ a


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
==Some auxlang?==
===Consonants===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;"
|+ '''Consonants'''
! colspan="2" |
!  |Labial
!  |Coronal
!  |Palatal
!  |Velar
!  |Glottal
|-
|-
! colspan="17"| '''Declension'''
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
|
| '''ŋ''' /ŋ/
|
|-
|-
!scope="row"|Number→
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
!colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col"|Generic
! |<small>unaspirated</small>
!colspan="4" scope="col"|Partitive
| '''b''' /p/
!colspan="4" scope="col"|Singulative
| '''d''' /t/
!colspan="4" scope="col"|Plurative
| '''j''' /tɕ/
| '''g''' /k/
|  
|-
|-
!scope="row"|Definiteness→
! |<small>aspirated</small>
!colspan="2"|<small>'''Indefinite'''</small>
| '''p''' /pʰ/
!colspan="2"|<small>'''Definite'''</small>
| '''t''' /tʰ/
!colspan="2"|<small>'''Indefinite'''</small>
| '''ch''' /tɕʰ/
!colspan="2"|<small>'''Definite'''</small>
| '''k''' /kʰ/
!colspan="2"|<small>'''Indefinite'''</small>
|  
!colspan="2"|<small>'''Definite'''</small>
|-
|-
!scope="row"|Unpossessed
! colspan="2" style="" |Fricative
|colspan="2"|
| '''f''' /f/
|colspan="2"|
| '''s''' /s/
|colspan="2"|
| '''sh''' /ɕ/
|colspan="2"|
| '''kh''' /x/
|colspan="2"|
| '''h''' /h/
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
|-
!scope="row"|1sg
! colspan="2" |Approximant
|colspan="2"|
| '''w''' /w~v/
|colspan="2"|
| '''l''' /l/; '''r''' /r/
|colspan="2"|
| '''y''' /j/
|colspan="2"|
|  
|colspan="2"|
|  
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
|-
!scope="row"|2sg
! colspan="2" |Trill
|colspan="2"|
|  
|colspan="2"|
| '''r''' /r/
|colspan="2"|
|  
|colspan="2"|
|  
|colspan="2"|
|  
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|3sg.animate
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|3sg.inanimate
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|1ex
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|1in
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|2pl
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|3pl.animate
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|3pl.inanimate
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|Impersonal
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|Partitive
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|}
|}


==No idea if this will work==
===Vowels===


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
|+ '''Vowels'''
|-
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Conjugation'''
! style="width: 60px; "|
!  style="width: 60px; " |Front
!  style="width: 60px; " |Central
!  style="width: 60px; " |Back
|-
|-
! colspan="3"| '''Infinitive'''
! style="" |Close
| colspan="4"|
| '''i''' /i/
|
| '''u''' /u/
|-
|-
! colspan="3"| '''Active participle'''
! style="" |Mid
| colspan="4"|
| '''e''' /e/
| '''ə''' /ø~ə~ɤ/
| '''o''' /o/
|-
|-
! colspan="3"| '''Antipassive participle'''
! style="" |Open
| colspan="4"|
|  
|-
| '''a''' /a/
!scope="row"|Number→<br/>Person↓
|
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Singulative
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Collective/Partitive
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Plurative
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Aorist'''
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Active voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Passive voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Antipassive voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Imperfect'''
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Active voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Passive voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Antipassive voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Imperative'''
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Active voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|}
|}


Diphthongs: '''ai ao''' /ai au/
===Phonotactics===
Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position.
==Σȣομʚ==
Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση.
==Qe!==
Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy.
==Pristac Guanorliviroc==
<poem>
Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock,
bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc,
с куздом твачу зблодащок,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok,
ṇentronné veux mains du roque,
geuteureun madeul ryeonmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Iūcullātur plexē hoc,
Takzitxerri ezbantzok,
Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc,
Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc,
tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Raamaanujanniaviusuq-
qanngutsijałłaumiartuq,
Post hoc ergo propter hoc,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok,
Satthayaarongsamphonnok,
Pikna la-magtef litzmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
</poem>
==Finno-Arabic==
/t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/
==Irish with pharyngealized consonants==
/a/: a ea ae eae
/e/: oeu eu oe e
/i/: ai ia aia i
/o/: o uo uea ue
/u/: aua ua au u
==Uncanny valley Korean==
Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/
Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice.
Vowels:  /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/
==Proto-Eomujic==
*ä, a, e, o
*eu, i <- syllabic resonants
*p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g
*s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’
*m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h
==Gleb phonologies==
===SEA-esque===
m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ
mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ
pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k
ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h
l̻ j w
i iː ɨ ɨː u uː
e eː ɘ ɘː o oː
ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː
a aː
===Indic-esque===
m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ
pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ
f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h
r ɽ j
i u
ɪ ʊ
ɑ
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/
===Pseudo-Polynesian===
m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Gleb seed 1516956979
===Liquidless pseudo-French===
m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant
Gleb seed 1601724777
===A nice one===
m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/
Gleb seed 1364524938
===vaguely Clofab===
consonants:
m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w
vowels:
a e i o u
syllable structure: (C)V
Gleb seed 1390372573
===Liquidless phonology===
m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x
a e ɛ i o ɔ u
(C)V(N)
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/
Gleb seed 1408165181
==A Damin==
*Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
*Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
*Affricates: tθ ʡħ
*Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
*Clicks: ʞ
*Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
*vowels: y ɤ æ
==from An Bhlaoighne==
<poem>
big: go qhéith
small: go mionn (from Latin "minimus")
long: go mheal
short: go laomh
wide: go raoi
narrow: go cuachar
thick: go scúil
thin: go h-ádh
woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe
man: an beathra, na mbeathra
child: an stíotha, na stíotha
mother: an feadhan-fháixe?
father: an feadhan-beathra?
na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra
wife: an sleith-fháixe
husband: an sleith-beathra
na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra
fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe
bird: an chuar, na cuar
(all these are from the bhadhagha gib)
dog: an lior, na lior
louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha
snake: an bhfaost, na faost
worm: an ghean, na ngean
tree: an daodha, na dhaodha
forest: an ríne, na ríne
stick: an cuath, na chuath
fruit: an thamha, na dtamha
seed: an páile, na páile
leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix
root: an dhóife, na dhóife
bark: an cior, na cior
flower: an qeógh, na qheógh
grass: an rúiche, na rúiche
rope: an mbuad, na bhuad
skin: an geabh, na gheabh
meat: an ceith, na gceith
blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha
bone: an reist, na reist
fat: an xuile, na xuile
egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies*
horn: an n-aire, na h-aire
tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi
feather: an gcoít, na choít
hair: an núcha, na núcha
head: an snith, na snith
ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha
eye: an fheirn, na bhfeirn
nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine
mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile
tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha
tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀
fingernail: an sciofhth, na sciofhth
foot: an reithe, na reithe
leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith
knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith
hand: flúin
an bhflúin, na fhlúin
arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin
elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin
wing: an ceamh, na gceamh
belly: an táile, na tháile
guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach
neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe
back: an mbíolbh, na bíolbh
breast: an dhsracht, na sracht
heart: an luisc, na luisc
liver: an steóisc, na dhsteóisc
go neábha 'to drink'
go séic 'to eat'
go xumhadh 'to bite'
go scéimh 'to suck'
go fiara 'to spit, to eject'
go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit'
go fíoxa 'to blow'
go stúimhe 'to breathe'
go sraoth 'to laugh'
go bhfeirthe 'to see'
go dtiodh 'to hear'
go xeólaigh 'to know'
go bhrainne 'to think'
to smell: go mbuir
fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe
to sleep: go h-uaileas
to live: go chaith
</poem>
dance: from An Bhlaoighne "dannsa" (to move to a beat), from "dann" (beat; imitative of a drum) + -tha/-the verbalizer (-nnth- becomes -nns-)


{{gloss
==Long German gibby word==
|phrase=plân tròung '''''or''''' tròung plân
Brüschlingssträpfchenentzürmungsdreicherwildeleischenerbröpflichkeitsspülzergebraußerspeichelsmäudsgrefferklittenwertsbrimmendlicherungsschnäfternascherndräckelbassungsbärzenherdlichengerützelbeunungströtterbeteibertenspründerschlettengeschärtungsentdraufengeschiemlichkeitsneftertreuenhauscheraufstrüpfenanwadlungsstaufengrammlermeitscherluchseneinstrupfungsgeweidsschmesserdornenbekeifersträmpferentblüstungsgefrützerhaumenrießenschweiherbockerschaftsbedeuferungsbezandlungsgestürdenscheuchterdachsergeisterzerbrüttungsfrätterschoffergriedenteckenschwindsgemerzenheitsbrauftenscharnesspeizendentkremmensielesstrüstergezwohrenenvergräuferspeilenhuftschuckerverwaftungsschmagenentdränzerwinkenmeundenbielerglüftenverzäumlichkeitspfarnengortenspahlenentschrangenkrindenschufendriechengreierschnockenwiegerwungenschieberdähmenstuchtgejästnisgräbenspunkereienschneiligungsspürzenknafterschaumenbrußenbedreuernisjackerkeldungsheidenschmüsselnzudrenkenrumpferleigungsbehedigungsschweiterwackengesteckerbeizerwendungsfrüchlingszweibenseiderschangenhubergeidengemermlichkeitsgelechterschlammengogengettenberzlerfiegenlundenbädelnspanderquändelerbeichenstahrgebütenhenerbluhnenentzängerbreumenbefärzigergampfendreigenschaftszerbrenklungsgebrohungsschmindlergaftengaufsgekemmtenbräuzchenzerkreinerndenschleitenhaufsdröffernzerschwällenzwünderdreisungsenttrebenpflingergreuferschmaunenverrümmerkreibenquängerheitsschmatterverzwenkerungsflebereibenguftenjangereideldreibengangenbleizerbehürberschierdequammerhüngenbrössenbekleiterzwandengemiegerzeistigungsbegählnisberachtungsschwadenkrütteranklaumenschweicherleinerbröhnungsneidelnkufenschrankenziederdrabenschöhlerbruhnspeutscherentgäumungsvergürblichungsverweidnisglündergehuhmendreucherbeibengreusteszwerterschründereienbücklingserstorchenspienerhetschergohrenausschweislichkeitenlemdengetranderschrifferbeschlecherlingswingerkrantengedärzerzärncheneinfleuderhackerstälzenbriednisseigerungsverdraußerräuchselstommerfrätzelschlünterstürglingszwätcheneinblittsgespüßenentdriedenschwünterheibenstalerfernersteilendrüßentrachersträtzgeschwiebendeineslorteskehrwarteurendspannwachenblatzstaufentreischentraubengetöhlerbaußenhauerdinzenbeklaunerwießenkeitsbeschärfigungsgewichtsbraudenwederklaumsbefritzenscheiberdänzelungsmeitelwischerbeschorkenklubenwunderzäugswögerblüschenbenäudigungsheibenentpfeischerlammenwiedenbewegsweitchenläumlichkeitsgrüberdraßterwallenheuertriebenentpfernerkreidenlächtnisstreußerentrüchelvermaußerheitsverbrüschenwerdenwolderschrahnenzäudsgemischerpflechtsschreuerkrüßenpfeischenlangenläubgeschlindersträuelheitsschreberkäuftigkeitsmeierwünnenbäserhattenkraufengeschreudsentwerdsbeeigenbrännenbrauerbrindenschannenklüserwächtsweugenklagergessenbeienrüchtsraußenbewindenschlafterheitsentreffenschmeierlachtwießerschrupfenbeschwündsverziechengeschlächerlauferzernessenheitsgraußenschlöderleinswangenkehrenberaußwischerleitenracherschwegerfäudlichenzabenwündenerkrufenhaubswaudendissengäuberlampfenschrümberfiedsgräubenbedachenmahrenschreudsverschmaßenheitssprüngenentwöhlerbeschluntenhübenreunsbeneifsverzöhnenbeleifernempfäusungswichtheitsgederfsschwermenlückenanzweißenlauschungsfriegschwipferlangsberüngenschehnenblöckenzärferlachsgewindenmaubennaubenpaubentaubenkaubenbaubendaubengaubenpfaubenzaubentschaubensaubenschaubenfaubenwaubenjaubenhaubenlaubenraubenpraubentraubenkraubenbraubendraubengraubenpfraubenfraubenplaubenklaubenblaubenglaubenpflaubenflaubenknaubengnaubenstaubenspaubenschmaubenschnaubenschlaubenschraubenschwaubenstraubenspraubenmausennausenpausentausenkausenbausendausengausenpfausenzausentschausensausenschausenfausenwausenjausenhausenlausenrausenprausentrausenkrausenbrausendrausengrausenpfrausenfrausenplausenklausenblausenglausenpflausenflausenknausengnausenstausenspausenschmausenschnausenschlausenschrausenschwausenstrausensprausenmaumennaumenpaumentaumenkaumenbaumendaumengaumenpfaumenzaumentschaumensaumenschaumenfaumenwaumenjaumenhaumenlaumenraumenpraumentraumenkraumenbraumendraumengraumenpfraumenfraumenplaumenklaumenblaumenglaumenpflaumenflaumenknaumengnaumenstaumenspaumenschmaumenschnaumenschlaumenschraumenschwaumenstraumenspraum
|IPA=/pˤán ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ/ or /ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ pˤán/
|morphemes=plân tròung/tròung plân
|gloss=teacher house/house teacher
|translation=The teacher's house}}
{{gloss
|phrase=plân {{green|mā}} tròung '''''or''''' tròung {{green|mā}} plân
|IPA=/pˤán ma̤ ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ/ or /ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ ma̤ pˤán/
|morphemes=plân {{green|mā}} tròung/tròung {{green|mā}} plân
|gloss=teacher {{green|INV}} house/house {{green|INV}} teacher
|translation=The teacher of the house}}
{{gloss
|phrase=plân mā srâlk tròung
|IPA=/pˤán ma̤ kˤī ʂákˤ ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ/
|morphemes=plân mā srâkl tròung
|gloss=teacher INV pure house
|translation=The house of the teacher of purity}}
{{gloss
|phrase=plân mā {{green|kli}} srâlk tròung
|IPA=/pˤán ma̤ kˤī ʂákˤ ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ/
|morphemes=plân mā {{green|kli}} srâkl tròung
|gloss=teacher INV {{green|DELIM}} pure house
|translation=The teacher of the house of purity}}

Latest revision as of 01:48, 5 March 2024

Burmese roms

v0

Ŧăȷā hmȷạ·ŧạ luc·lac khȷīnh nẹ mă tuê
ta.ra: hmya. ta. lwat lap hkrang: nai. ma. swe
[tɪ.já m̥ja̰.ta̰ lʊʔ.laʔ t͡ɕʰɪ́ŋ nɛ̰ mə t̪wè ǀ]

Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
tui. prany, tui. mre
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]

Mȷā lu khat·tê̄nh nhê̄nh·gkhȷan zxê bộ
mya: lu hkap sim: ngrim: hkyam: ce hpo.
[mjá lù kʰaʔ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ ɲéɪ̯ɰ̃.d͡ʑán zè βo̰ ǀ]

Khuỵnh ŧu·nhı hmȷạ, wa·đạ phȷu·xınh đŧệ pȷê
hkwang. tu nyi hmya. wada. hpyu cang tai. prany
[kʰwɪ̰ŋ tù.ɲì m̥ja̰ ǀ wà.da̰ (ǀ) pʰjù.sɪ̀ŋ dḛ pjè ǀ]

Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
tui. prany tui. mre
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]

Pȷı·đŧhong·zxụ ămuê ămȷē ŧı·đŧạn zxê
prany htaung cu. a mwi a.mrai: tany tam. ce
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ʔə.mwè ʔ(ə.)mjɛ́ tì.da̰ŋ zè]

Ă·đêch·ŧhan pȷụ bpê, ŧhênh·tênh zxộ lê
a.dhithtan pru. pe htin: sim: cui. le
[ʔ(ə.)deɪ̯ʔ.tʰàn pjṵ βè ǀ tʰéɪ̯ŋ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ zo̰ lè ǁ]

Găba mă kȷê, Mȷăma pȷê
kambha ma. kye, mranma prany
[ɡ(ə.)βà mə t͡ɕè ǀ mjə.mà pjè ǀ]

Độ bô̄·boā ămuê xıch mộ khȷıch mȷat nô̄ bê
tui. bhui: bwa: a.mwe cac mui. hkyac mrat nui: pe
[do̰ βó.bwá (ʔə.)mwè sɪʔ mo̰ t͡ɕʰɪʔ mjaʔ nó βè ǁ]

Pȷi·đŧhong·zxụ gô ătet pê̄ lộ độ ka goe mălê
prany htaung cu. kui a.sak pe: lui. tui. ka kwai ma.le
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ɡò ʔ(ə.)t̪ɛʔ pé lo̰ do̰ kà ɡwɛ̀ m(ə.)lè ǀ]

Đa độ pȷê đa độ mȷê độ panh·net mȷê
da tui. prany da tui. mre tui. puing nak mre
[dà do̰ pjè dà do̰ mjè do̰ pàɪ̯ŋ.nɛʔ mjè ǀ]

Độ pȷê, độ mȷê, ăkjô̄ gô nhı·nha zxoa độ đăđuê
tui. prany tui. mre a.kyui: kui nyi nya cwa tui. ta.twe
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǀ ʔ(ə.)t͡ɕó ɡò ǀ ɲì.ɲà zwà do̰ d(ə.)dwè ǀ]

Ŧhān xhong ba zxộ lê, độ ta·wung bê ăphô̄·ŧan mȷê
htam: hcaung pa sui. le tui. ta wan pe a. hpui: tan mre
[tʰán sʰàʊ̯ŋ bà zo̰ lè ǀ do̰ tà.wʊ̀ŋ bè ʔ(ə.)pʰó.tàn mjè ǁ]

v1

Tyȷā hmȷȧtȧ luqlaq khȷīɴ nɛ̇ my þwe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Mȷā lu khaqþēɴ nȷēɴgkhȷaɴ zse bȯ
Khwiɴ tunȷı hmȷȧ, wadȧ phȷusıɴ dtė pȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Pȷıdthɔɴzsu̇ ymwe ymȷɛ̇ tıdtȧɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pȷu̇ bpe, thenþeɴ zsȯ le
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Pȷidthɔɴzsu̇ go yþɛq pē lȯ dȯ ka gwɛ myle
Da dȯ pȷe da dȯ mȷe dė pɛɴnɛq mȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe, ykjō go nȷınȷa zwa dȯ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsȯ le, dȯ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mȷe

v2

Tyjā hmjătă luqlaq khjīɴ nɛ̆ my þwe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Mjā lu khaqþēɴ njēɴgkhjaɴ zse bŏ
Khwĭɴ tunji hmjă, wadă phjusiɴ dtĕ pȷe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Pjidthɔɴzsŭ ymwe ymjɛ̆ tıdtăɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pjŭ bpe, thenþeɴ zsŏ le

Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Pjĭdthɔɴzsŭ go yþɛq pē lŏ dŏ ka gwɛ myle
Da dŏ pje da dŏ mje dĕ pɛɴnɛq mje
Dŏ pȷe, dŏ mȷe, ykjō go njinja zwa dŏ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsŏ le, dŏ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mje

v3

Deliberately English/German-like

Ch for aspiration, þ/ð for dental stops

Superscript the original consonant before a voiced initial that's a result of voicing sandhi

Rimes:
ị i ī ịn in īn it
ẹ e ē ạne ane āne ate
ạre are āre ịne ine īne ite
ạ a ā ạn an ān at et
ạw aw āw ọun oun ōun out
ọ o ō ọne one ōne ote
ụ u ū ọon oon ōon oot

kgəba ma che, myəma pye
dọ bōbwā əmwe sit mọ chhit myat nō be

World's worst romanization for Vietnamese

Initials

ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃ = m n nh ng
n̓ n þ ɟ ꞃ y q = p b t đ tr ch c/k/qu
f ɟ̔ q̔ = ph th kh
ſ p̔ = x s
ƿ ȷ j r = v d gi g
λ p = l r

The initials ʔ h are indicated by placing spiritus lenis and spiritus asper above the first letter, and ƿ is used for the /w/ medial: ƿηɟ̃, Ƿ̓ηɟ̃, ƿ̔ηɟ̃s = viên, Uyên, huyền.

Nuclei

  • u ɯ w e ɘ ə ɵ æ a ɐ ɑ = i/y ư u ê ơ â ô e a ă o
  • η ξ ω = ia/iê, ưa/ươ, ua/uô

Finals

  • ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃ = m n nh ng
  • n ɟ y q = p t ch c
  • ι υ = /-j -w/

Tones

tones: -0 -s -b -m -v -d = ngang, huyen, sac, nang, hoi, nga

Hōbispellum Jōhannis Tōtiscē

1:1 In occinunquā vore Verbum, ante Verbum vore ob Hutum, ante Hutus vore Verbum.
1:2 Tod vore in occinunquā ob Hutum.
1:3 Alla terque eum magāta sunt, ante enū eō magātum est nēctis, quod magātum est.
1:4 In eō līpum vore, ante līpum vore lūctum lūbium.

Semantic drifts

Truth

  • true/proof > guilt
  • to stand, to stay, to be straight up > to be true
  • true/show/prove > to vindicate > to win

Dakelh/Tlingit inspired Dodellic

Bylȳn

Main_Page/Themsarian

put in Dodellic; Wdm substrate

phonology:

  • /m n p b t d tš dž k g (glottal stop) f s š x H h v z ž r l/ m n p b t d ť ď k g q f s š ch x h v z ž r l
  • /a e i u y a: e: i: u: y: ai au iə uə/ a e i u y aa ee ii uu yy ai au ie ua
    • Responsible for Wdm vowel shift: *u > ü, *o > u, *a > o, *ä > a
  • pitch accent

Trician doublets

  • Thensarian ardlaccātom > atxagátañ (via Nurian) ~ dlahgað (via Tigol) ~ glyçád (via glăchad) ~ plahad (via Clofabosin placadin) - various stringed instruments
  • Pida (Mărotłian teacher) ~ pda (Dr.) ~ Modern Wdm. pra (honorific pronoun)

Silly language family trees

  • Trigonic languages
    • Sinitic
      • Mandarin
      • Cantonese
        • Schwyzerdütsch
      • Sinaitic
        • Phoenician
          • Greek
            • Inuktitut
    • Coshitic
      • Vietnamese
        • Sinh
        • Tanh
        • Sech
      • Hyperbolgarian
      • Beta
      • Proto-Afro-Asiatic
    • Deltan languages (aka Newtono-Leibnizic)
      • Hessian German
      • Turingian German
        • Tyrith (from older *Türiŋit)
        • Lambda calculus
        • Mathematica
        • C++
          • Sanskrit
    • Triforcian languages
      • Hylian
        • Tritriforcian languages
          • Tritritriforcian languages
            • ...
              • Sierpińskian

Qiala Gaivuan's Dwarvish

Wäßßmerian/Highlands Wiobian consonant shift (stolen wholesale from High German consonant shift):

Phase 1 (final or intervocallic): /p/ > /f/ <f> /t/ > /s/ <ß> /c/ > /ç/ > later /z/ bzw. /ʃ/ <s/sch> /k/ > /x/ > later /χ/ <ch>

Phase 2 (initial, geminated or after a resonant) /p/ > /pf/ <pf> /t/ > /ts/ <ßß> > word initially /s/ <ß> /c/ > /cç/ > later // <zsch> /k/ > /kx/ > later /χ/ <ch>

Phase 3 /b/ > /p/ fortis or lenis <p> /d/ > /t/ fortis or lenis <t> /ɟ/ > /c/ fortis or lenis <z> /g/ > /k/ fortis or lenis <k>

Other changes: /θ~ð/ > /d/ > later lenis /t/ <d> /f~v/ > /b/ > later lenis /p/ <b> (after a vowel) /sk, çk/ > sch /ʃ/ Auslautverhärtung

Paucal of humility

There are three numbers: singular (sg) representing one object, paucal (pc) for a few, and plural (pl) for many. The paucal form usually denotes two to nine items, but the boundary between paucal and plural is quite fluid; a paucal could be used for a larger number for contrast with a much larger number of things. The plural number in pronouns also serves as an honorific; complementarily, using paucal pronouns where a plural is expected entails a "dishonorific", humble or pejorative meaning.

Something with my old Tsjoen grammar

Txapoalli? Naquic?

Manxome (Manx-Hmoob hybrid)

A close relative of Skellan with the GVS? Or is this just Ko?

Cedilla and double vowel mania

Mix in a little Dutch?

IE conlang ideas

  • 'want' from bhr-h1s- (bear-DES)
  • "try 1SG-ACC VERB-INF" = try to VERB me (actually looks pretty german)

"Ah, meine Treußer" gibs

  • Săchał yang hălsreaf chrăthüng fi pdath yas măfongșor! Wănguas fi binreach wangsăfab thearłăsab făneyșumab pălontumab acsitumab gopliximab fizoraximab prozamumab cabituzumab... Ah, endocebuxin!
  • sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi sqʷadbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil quizoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen!

Some old gibs

Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer. Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt! der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht. (irish gib is also easy to adapt) Und dauchte die Miegung. Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha. An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach? und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha

Pirandetam ver ketassinosin ket ligerinogenine

Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst! Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst.

die Anschrängerungen verkiech die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierte. Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren. Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον! Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον. Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν.

Sʼeik beih Đâh kglumm gnüar Haem Päh jehn knuck Lö Mott nihr ngå Pluh Reaz Sra Ksaot teap klav Waü Zeay Þael

Azz kemm jick gno Sruck bâzz skång mäch dö' Lümm dak mihn mu påhng Sjä Kbael Pfeiz rao Smau tngaör zbaü lean Sek Woh tböhng sia Koas Tuah Gnüang

Scope of negation

different negative markers for scope

Llanfair...gogogoch gib

Reduplication (goch > gogogoch)

Fyxámian national anthem

Eevo

English translation

Verse 1

[...]
[...]
From antipode to antipode
Men of thy deeds do sing.

Refrain

Book and paper titles in Eevo

  • (A Bound for the Number of Points on Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields)
  • (Spectral Sequences of Algebraic Varieties)
  • Mroga-xiv ry blwhir jybinþylisár ar jonda jynéeb (Zeta Functions of Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields) (fT 2259)
  • Regular Temperaments

Primitive Seargais

long vowels:
a: e: i: o: u: æ: ø: y: from
broad á aí/ai/oi oí/uí/ui ó/ao ú/ua/ui ái ói/aío/aoi úi/oío/uío/uai
slender eá ei/éi/éa í/ia/iai eo iú/io/iu ea/éa/eai/eái eoi iúi/ío

éa becomes æ: before broad d, n, l and r, and e: elsewhere
ui becomes u: before broad d, n, l and r, and i: elsewhere

short vowels:
a e i o u -> a ʲa ʲɨ a ɨ

changes from proto seargais to seargais
high vowels move one POA
(u -> ü, ü -> i but aü stays put)
there's the merger
now o becomes u to fill in the gap, a becomes o and æ becomes a
a e i o u æ ø y ->
o e i u y a ø i
e -> ə
which triggers i -> ia, ia -> e, y -> i, u -> ɨ, o -> u, a -> ua, ua -> o
so i get
a e i o u æ ø y ia ua ai au ay ->
o e i u y a ø i ia ua ai au ay ->
u ə ia ɨ i ua _ ia e o ai au _
ø -> ɛ -> a while ay -> aɨ
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ (i now have all the vowels!)
breathy voice ablaut patterns:
e/i/ai -> ə/ia/ai
o/u/au -> ɨ/i/au
ö/ü/aü -> a/ia/aɨ
chaotic!

a/ua -> u/o
ä/ia -> ua/e

spelling: a e i o u y w = /a e i o u ə ɨ/

short a -> y
short ɨ -> w (very few modern Seargais speakers make the distinction between the short vowels using y for both)

Seargais superstrate

same breathy voice pattern except there's a GVS
a e i o u ä ö ü ua ia ai au aü ->
o i ai u au e ü aü uo ie ä a a
compare
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ
these are heard by seargais speakers as
o i ai u au ə ɨ aɨ e o e a a

Seargais consonants

p t q pʰ tʰ χ m n w θ ʟ r tɬ ɬ (broad)
f ts k f ts kʰ m n j s ɬ r tʃ ʃ (slender)

Urú'ed:
m n ʟ mʰ nʰ χ m n pf θ ʟ r nl tɬ (broad)
m n ŋ mʰ nʰ ŋʰ m n f ts ɬ r n tʃ (slender)
the combined set of phonemes:
p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ q
f θ s ɬ ʃ χ
pf ts tɬ tʃ
m mʰ n nʰ ŋ ŋʰ nl
j w ʟ r
h is missing
broad sm and sn can become h
urúing to tʰ
actually it should stay as θm and θn
θm -> voiceless m -> h also works
it doesn't impact the morphology

Huichaltzah's alien language

p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ s ɬ x h m n ŋ l ʟ w j a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels)

Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases

Bändli

Zulu pseudo-gib

Initials

schm, m > m, mh

schn, n > n, nh

schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh

sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b

st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d

ŧ, sŧ, đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq

k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g

r > hh

f, w > f, v

fl, kl, schl > hl

bl, gl > dl

pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/

br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/

j > y

schw > f

z, s, sch > s, z, sh

ent- > prenasalization

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
central lateral
Click plain ǃ
aspirated ǃʰ
nasalised ᵑǃ
breathy nasalised ᶢǃʱ
Nasal plain m n ŋ
breathy ŋʱ
Stop voiceless p t
aspirated
breathy b d ɡ
implosive ɓ ɗ ɠ
Fricative voiceless f s ɬ ʃ x h
breathy v z ɮ ɣ ɦ
Approximant plain l j

Vowels

i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/

Tones

No tone

Some Clofablang

  • Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ
  • Vowel harmony groups:
    • high tense: i ʉ
    • high lax: ɪ ʊ
    • low: æ ʌ
    • ə is neutral

Russo-Salish

Labial Alveolar Retroflex Velar Glottal
hard soft hard soft soft hard
Nasal glottalized n̪ʼ nʲʼ ŋʲʼ ŋʼ
plain m ŋʲ ŋ
Stop plain k ʔ
ejective t̪ʼ tʲʼ kʲʼ
voiced b
Affricate plain ts tsʲ
ejective tsʼ tsʲʼ tʂʼ
voiced dz dzʲ
Fricative voiceless f s ʂ x h
voiced v z ʐ ɣʲ ɣ
Approximant glottalized lˠʼ lʲʼ
plain j


Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid ə
Open a

Salish + Old Chinese

m n ŋ ŋʷ mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each) a e i o u ə

CW language sketch

m n p t ts k q b d dz g s h ʀ w l r j

i u e o æ a

Some auxlang?

Consonants

Consonants
Labial Coronal Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ ŋ /ŋ/
Plosive unaspirated b /p/ d /t/ j /tɕ/ g /k/
aspirated p /pʰ/ t /tʰ/ ch /tɕʰ/ k /kʰ/
Fricative f /f/ s /s/ sh /ɕ/ kh /x/ h /h/
Approximant w /w~v/ l /l/; r /r/ y /j/
Trill r /r/

Vowels

Vowels
Front Central Back
Close i /i/ u /u/
Mid e /e/ ə /ø~ə~ɤ/ o /o/
Open a /a/

Diphthongs: ai ao /ai au/

Phonotactics

Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position.

Σȣομʚ

Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση.

Qe!

Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy.

Pristac Guanorliviroc

Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock,
bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc,
с куздом твачу зблодащок,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok,
ṇentronné veux mains du roque,
geuteureun madeul ryeonmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Iūcullātur plexē hoc,
Takzitxerri ezbantzok,
Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc,
Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc,
tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Raamaanujanniaviusuq-
qanngutsijałłaumiartuq,
Post hoc ergo propter hoc,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok,
Satthayaarongsamphonnok,
Pikna la-magtef litzmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Finno-Arabic

/t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/

Irish with pharyngealized consonants

/a/: a ea ae eae /e/: oeu eu oe e /i/: ai ia aia i /o/: o uo uea ue /u/: aua ua au u

Uncanny valley Korean

Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/

Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice.

Vowels: /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/

Proto-Eomujic

  • ä, a, e, o
  • eu, i <- syllabic resonants
  • p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g
  • s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’
  • m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h

Gleb phonologies

SEA-esque

m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h l̻ j w

i iː ɨ ɨː u uː e eː ɘ ɘː o oː ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː a aː

Indic-esque

m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h r ɽ j i u ɪ ʊ ɑ


(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant

V: a vowel

C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/

Pseudo-Polynesian

m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a

(C)V

C: a consonant

V: a vowel

Gleb seed 1516956979

Liquidless pseudo-French

m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã

(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant

V: a vowel

C2: a consonant

Gleb seed 1601724777

A nice one

m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː

(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant

V: a vowel

C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/

Gleb seed 1364524938

vaguely Clofab

consonants:

m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w

vowels:

a e i o u

syllable structure: (C)V

Gleb seed 1390372573

Liquidless phonology

m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x

a e ɛ i o ɔ u

(C)V(N)

C: a consonant

V: a vowel

N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/

Gleb seed 1408165181

A Damin

  • Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
  • Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
  • Affricates: tθ ʡħ
  • Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
  • Clicks: ʞ
  • Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
  • vowels: y ɤ æ

from An Bhlaoighne

big: go qhéith
small: go mionn (from Latin "minimus")
long: go mheal
short: go laomh
wide: go raoi
narrow: go cuachar
thick: go scúil
thin: go h-ádh
woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe
man: an beathra, na mbeathra
child: an stíotha, na stíotha
mother: an feadhan-fháixe?
father: an feadhan-beathra?
na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra
wife: an sleith-fháixe
husband: an sleith-beathra
na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra
fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe
bird: an chuar, na cuar
(all these are from the bhadhagha gib)
dog: an lior, na lior
louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha
snake: an bhfaost, na faost
worm: an ghean, na ngean
tree: an daodha, na dhaodha
forest: an ríne, na ríne
stick: an cuath, na chuath
fruit: an thamha, na dtamha
seed: an páile, na páile
leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix
root: an dhóife, na dhóife
bark: an cior, na cior
flower: an qeógh, na qheógh
grass: an rúiche, na rúiche
rope: an mbuad, na bhuad
skin: an geabh, na gheabh
meat: an ceith, na gceith
blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha
bone: an reist, na reist
fat: an xuile, na xuile
egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies*
horn: an n-aire, na h-aire
tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi
feather: an gcoít, na choít
hair: an núcha, na núcha
head: an snith, na snith
ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha
eye: an fheirn, na bhfeirn
nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine
mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile
tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha
tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀
fingernail: an sciofhth, na sciofhth
foot: an reithe, na reithe
leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith
knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith
hand: flúin
an bhflúin, na fhlúin
arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin
elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin
wing: an ceamh, na gceamh
belly: an táile, na tháile
guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach
neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe
back: an mbíolbh, na bíolbh
breast: an dhsracht, na sracht
heart: an luisc, na luisc
liver: an steóisc, na dhsteóisc
go neábha 'to drink'
go séic 'to eat'
go xumhadh 'to bite'
go scéimh 'to suck'
go fiara 'to spit, to eject'
go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit'
go fíoxa 'to blow'
go stúimhe 'to breathe'
go sraoth 'to laugh'
go bhfeirthe 'to see'
go dtiodh 'to hear'
go xeólaigh 'to know'
go bhrainne 'to think'

to smell: go mbuir
fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe
to sleep: go h-uaileas
to live: go chaith

dance: from An Bhlaoighne "dannsa" (to move to a beat), from "dann" (beat; imitative of a drum) + -tha/-the verbalizer (-nnth- becomes -nns-)

Long German gibby word

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