User:Chrysophylax/amaits/history: Difference between revisions
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== Late IE == | == Late IE == | ||
# colouring of vowels | # colouring of vowels | ||
#: ''*e → *a / _[*k *h2], [*h2]_'' | #: ''*e → *a / _[*k *h2], [*h2]_'' ('''we follow the idea that the 'plain' velars were marked +uvulars or something of the like, so we take *k to be lowering of *e, a first in IE conlangs?''') | ||
#: ''*e → *o / _[*h3], [*h3]_'' | #: ''*e → *o / _[*h3], [*h3]_'' | ||
# lengthening and deletion of laryngeals | # lengthening and deletion of laryngeals | ||
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# dative, instrumental plural replace -bʰ- with -m- (shared NE isogloss) | # dative, instrumental plural replace -bʰ- with -m- (shared NE isogloss) | ||
# *-bʰí > *-mí, -bʰos > -mos | # *-bʰí > *-mí, -bʰos > -mos | ||
== Dialectal IE == | == Dialectal IE == | ||
# assimilation of m to s | # assimilation of m to s | ||
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#:: e.g. *nˠu → *nˠɨ | #:: e.g. *nˠu → *nˠɨ | ||
# smoothing of diphthongs | # smoothing of diphthongs | ||
#: oy → ō<sub>2</sub> | #: *oy → *ō<sub>2</sub> | ||
#: * | #: *eyː → i: | ||
# weakening of affricates, deaffrication before resonants | |||
#: ''*t͡ʃ *d͡ʒ→ *ʃ *ʒ'' / _{l r m n} | |||
# labiovelars merge with w | # labiovelars merge with w | ||
#: ''*gʷ → w / _w'' | #: ''*gʷ → w / _w'' | ||
# glottalized syllables gain the 'broken' rising-falling accentuation | |||
# an opposition between rising, rising-falling, falling, low appears as accent system reorganizes | |||
#: neutral → falling | |||
#: accented → rising | |||
#: accented + stød → rising-falling | |||
#: breathy voice → low | |||
# ō<sub>2</sub> (but not ō<sub>1</sub> )merges with long a | # ō<sub>2</sub> (but not ō<sub>1</sub> )merges with long a | ||
#: ''ō<sub>2</sub> → *a:'' | #: ''*ō<sub>2</sub> → *a:'' | ||
# accent retraction from final to mid syllables | # accent retraction from final to mid syllables | ||
# creation of new neuter class by suffixation of existing s-neuters with -mɨn. all traces of s-neuters absorbed. | # creation of new neuter class by suffixation of existing s-neuters with -mɨn. all traces of s-neuters absorbed. | ||
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# aː → ai̯ / _[+palatal] | # aː → ai̯ / _[+palatal] | ||
# t͡ʃ → t͡s | # t͡ʃ → t͡s | ||
== examples == | |||
Amess. {{IPA|/ḭ᷈ːt͡sir/}} '''и̃цьр''' 'path, trail' ← *{{IPA|ḭ᷈ːt͡ʃɨr}} ← *{{IPA|ḛ᷈iːt͡ʃɨr}} ← *{{IPA|ḛ᷈i̯jt͡ʃɨr}} ← *{{IPA|éˀyt͡ʃɨr}} ← *{{IPA|Héyt͡ʃɨr}} ← *{{IPA|Héytɨr}} ← PIE. *{{IPA|h₁éy-tr̥}} 'way, road' | |||
= Morphosyntactic changes = | = Morphosyntactic changes = | ||
== Loss of nominal inflections == | == Loss of nominal inflections == | ||
== Derivational innovations == | == Derivational innovations == | ||