Dãterške: Difference between revisions

| iso3 = qdt

Its original purpose was for a significant portion of its morphology was to be comprised of native terms and grammar for scientific terms, technical jargon, and physical processes. It's also designed to lack synonyms as much as possible for inherent goal of disambiguation, which albeit made it relatively difficult to use colloquially. Nevertheless, since then I have been trying to adapt it as a more naturalistic language with an actual constructed history and culture.

Due to several drastic changes during the course of its development, along with being the first language I created, the language is loosely based off of [[:w:Altaic languages|Proto-Altaic]], the [[:w:Slavic languages|Slavic languages]], the [[:w:Northwest Caucasian languages|Northwest-Caucasian languages]], a tad bit of German, and my native idiolect of English, but is ultimately [[A priori|a priori]].

The orthography of Dãterške is a monocase [[:w:Russian orthography|Russian]]-inspired Cyrillic alphabet, and is mostly phonemic, in that each letter corresponds directly to a single sound or modification on a sound (such as [◌ʼ], [◌ˤ], [◌̃], etC). It's important to note that, unlike many languages, certain modifications (besides nasalization, ң) represent phonemes to themselves and not merely modifiers for a grapheme or phoneme. However, an exception to both prior exceptions stated here is the usage of the digraphs «щӀ» & «җӀ» to represent the consonantal sequences /ʃt͡ʃ/ & /ʒd͡ʒ/, respectfully.

| <i>нруцӕфих пӀ'алєчһа</i>

| /{{IPA|nrut͡n̥əfɪx pʼʡalot͡ʃħa}}/

| <i>пӀ'алєчһих і</i>

| /{{IPA|pʼʡalot͡ʃħɪx iː}}/

| /{{IPA|ɒ}}/

| /{{IPA|o}}/

| /{{IPA|e}}/

| /{{IPA|øʡ}}/ or /{{IPA|pʰtʰr̩c̬ɪx ø}}/

| Ĕ ĕ

| <i>о</i>

| /{{IPA|ʌ}}/

| /{{IPA|ɯ}}/

| <i>р'ьәњӕы эң</i> or <i> пӀ'алєчһих эң</i>

| /{{IPA|rʡʲæɲəɨ ɛ̃}}/ or /{{IPA|pʼʡalot͡ʃħɪx ɛ̃}}/

| Ņ ņ

| <i>цэ</i>

| /{{IPA|t͡n̥ɛ}}/

| D̂ d̂

| Đ đ

| ӵ

| <i>ӵэ</i>

| C̈ c̈

| <i>кэ</i>

| /{{IPA|kʰɛ}}/

| <i>ве</i>

| /{{IPA|vʲe}}/

| /{{IPA|ef}}/

| /{{IPA|es}}/

| /{{IPA|eʃ}}/

| /{{IPA|ʝe}}/

| /{{IPA|eç}}/

| /{{IPA|ex}}/

| <i>һе</i>

| /{{IPA|ħʲe}}/

| /{{IPA|er}}/

| <i>йерь</i>

| /{{IPA|jerʲ}}/

| <i>ўеръ</i>

| /{{IPA|werʷ}}/

| <i>ӑерҍ</i>

| /{{IPA|ʕerˤ}}/

| /{{IPA|el}}/

| /{{IPA|ʎer}}/

! colspan=2 rowspan=2|  

! rowspan=2| [[:w:Labiodental consonant|Labiodental]]

! colspan=2| [[:w:Denti-alveolar consonant|Denti-alveolar]]

! rowspan=2| [[:w:Postalveolar consonant|Palato-alveolar]]

! rowspan=2| [[:w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]]

! rowspan=2| [[:w:Velar consonant|Velar]]

! rowspan=2| [[:w:Epiglottal consonant|Pharyngeal/Uvelar]]

! {{small|[[:w:Secondary articulation|2 artic.]]}}

! {{small|[[:w:Ejective consonant|ejective]]}}

| rowspan=2| {{IPA|p͡f}} (пф)

| rowspan=2| {{IPA|t͡s}} (тс)

| rowspan=2| {{IPA|c͡ç}} (ӵ)

| rowspan=2| {{IPA|q͡χ~k͡xʷ}} (ҝ)

| rowspan=2| {{IPA|b͡v}} (бв)

| colspan=2| {{IPA|d͡ʒ̃}} (џң)

! rowspan=4| [[:w:Fricative consonant|Fricative]]

| {{IPA|s}}<small><ref name=a group=note>No [[:w:Sibilant|hissing sibilants]] technically occur in this language's phonology, these symbols are meant to be interpreted as shorthand for their non-sibilant equivalents</ref></small> (с)

| {{IPA|sˤ~z̥}}<small><ref name=a group=note /></small> (ԇ)

! rowspan=2| {{small|[[:w:Nasalization|nasalized]]}}

| {{IPA|z̃}} (зң)

|

| {{IPA|r̃}} (рң)

| {{IPA|rʲ}} (рь)

| {{IPA|ʌ}} (о)

| {{IPA|ʌ̃}} (оң)

| {{IPA|æ̃}} (әң)

The only hard rule of prosody in this language pertains to syllables containing a lengthened or ава (rough) vowel, which are stressed by default. In theory, this means that a lot of the language has no phonemic stress or even syllable-boundaries, thus forcing both the speaker & listener to analyze the spoken word as a sequence of sounds. However, in casual speech, primary stress usually occurs in a somewhat similar manner to English, and is often placed on the initial syllable of a word, and secondary stress is often [[:w:trochee|trochaic]] (placed in repeating patterns of stressed-unstressed) from the beginning of the word

*[[Literature:The Internationale#Dãterške|The Internationale]] - ТрәнњещӀьахимнһц

*[[Verse:Danterlokhan/Even when issues arise#Dãterške (Original)|Even when issues arise]] - шԇөтжелф хжалд'с ды җӀұйец бољата

*[[Literature:Hansu Hansuen#Dãterške|Hansu Hansuen]] - Дихтатэрин ды дихтатэрин'с

|thin=ждлекӕы

|man (adult male)=фрау

|Man (human being)=фрау

|animal=анӥмалӥа

|fish=єстеӥкӀтӀұес

|bird=авес

|dog=фамӥлӥарӥс

|louse=пӀтӀӥраптера

|snake=серпентес

|worm=анелӥда

|tree=пӥнєпӀұта

|forest=пӥнєпӀұтасім'ьяр

|stick=пӀ'алєчһа

|fruit=фруктус

|leaf=фєлӥум

|root=радӥхс

|bark=кєртехс

|flower=флєс

|grass=пєакеә

|skin=кутӥс

|meat=анӥмалӥа'ишмалж

|bone=вертебратафрељһа

|egg=євум

|horn=кєрну

|tail=кєкұхс

|feather=авесфєлӥум

|ear=аўрӥс

|mouth=бука

|tooth=денс

|tongue=лӥнгъа

|fingernail=унгъӥс

|foot=пес

|hand=манус

|wing=фљећманус

|sun=

|moon=

|star=

|water=

|rain=

|river=

|'''H'''<br>[[Contionary:һыд#Dãterške|һыд]]/'ыд

|'''Cs'''<br>[[Contionary:ҝиԇ#Dãterške|ҝиԇ]]

|'''Pu'''<br>[[Contionary:пъӹхң#Dãterške|пъӹхң]]

|'''Bk'''<br>[[Contionary:вкӹԇҝ#Dãterške|вкӹԇҝ]]

|'''Hf'''<br>[[Contionary:хӭфң#Dãterške|хӭфң]]

|'''Fe'''<br>[[Contionary:фэҗ#Dãterške|фэҗ]]

|'''Ru'''<br>[[Contionary:рэԇ#Dãterške|рэԇ]]

|'''Zn'''<br>[[Contionary:ԇэн#Dãterške|ԇэн]]

|'''As'''<br>[[Contionary:сбехңт#Dãterške|сбехңт]]

|'''Sb'''<br>[[Contionary:њхңет#Dãterške|њхңет]]

|'''Bi'''<br>[[Contionary:ԇңелғ#Dãterške|ԇңелғ]]

|'''Ts'''<br>[[Contionary:тсюңԇ#Dãterške|тсюңԇ]]

|'''He'''<br>[[Contionary:һұл#Dãterške|һұл]]