Antarctican/Phonation restrictions: Difference between revisions

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| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ùe''' /ɨɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ùe''' /ɨʱ/


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ù''' /uɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ù''' /uʱ/
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! rowspan="3"|Close-mid
! rowspan="3"|Close-mid
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! style="" |Tense
! style="" |Tense


| style="background-color: orange;"|'''é''' /eʔ/
| style="background-color: orange;"|'''é''' /eˤ/


| style="background-color: orange;"|'''óe''' /ɘʔ/
| style="background-color: orange;"|'''óe''' /ɘˤ/


| style="background-color: orange;"| '''ó''' /oʔ/
| style="background-color: orange;"| '''ó''' /oˤ/
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! style="" |Breathy
! style="" |Breathy
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| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''òe''' /ɘɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''òe''' /ɘʱ/


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"| '''ò''' /oɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"| '''ò''' /oʱ/
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! rowspan="3"|Open-mid
! rowspan="3"|Open-mid
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! style="" |Tense
! style="" |Tense


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"| '''áe''' /ɛʔ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"| '''áe''' /ɛˤ/


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''áo''' /ɜʔ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''áo''' /ɜˤ/


| style="background-color: orange;"|'''ô''' /ɔʔ/
| style="background-color: orange;"|'''ô''' /ɔˤ/
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! style="" |Breathy
! style="" |Breathy
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| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ào''' /ɜɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ào''' /ɜʱ/


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! style="" |Tense
! style="" |Tense


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''á''' /aʔ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''á''' /aˤ/


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Antarctican uses reduplication in its morphology, however it only partially reduplicates diphthongs, reducing them to monophthongs in the reduplicated syllable e.g.
Antarctican uses reduplication in its morphology, however it only partially reduplicates diphthongs, reducing them to monophthongs in the reduplicated syllable e.g.


*'kówntátu /kouɴʔtaʔtu/ – acquaintance, absolutive
*'kówntátu /kouɴˤtaˤtu/ – acquaintance, absolutive
*'kókówntátu /koʔkouɴʔtaʔtu/ – acquaintances (of each other), absolutive
*'kókówntátu /koˤkouɴˤtaˤtu/ – acquaintances (of each other), absolutive


When such diphthongs are truncated, it is always only the first part of it that is preserved e.g. /eiʔ/ and /euʔ/ both shorten to /eiʔ/. /oiʔ/ and /ouʔ/ both shorten to /oʔ/ etc.
When such diphthongs are truncated, it is always only the first part of it that is preserved e.g. /eiˤ/ and /euˤ/ both shorten to /eiˤ/. /oiˤ/ and /ouˤ/ both shorten to /oˤ/ etc.


==Diphthongs==
==Diphthongs==
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| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ùey''' /ɨiɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ùey''' /ɨiʱ/


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ùy''' /uiɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ùy''' /uiʱ/
|-
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! rowspan="3"|Close-mid
! rowspan="3"|Close-mid
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! style="" |Tense
! style="" |Tense


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''éy''' /eiʔ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''éy''' /eiˤ/


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''óey''' /ɘiʔ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''óey''' /ɘiˤ/


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"| '''óy''' /oiʔ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"| '''óy''' /oiˤ/
|-
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! style="" |Breathy
! style="" |Breathy
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| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''òey''' /ɘiɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''òey''' /ɘiʱ/


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! style="" |Tense
! style="" |Tense


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"| '''áey''' /ɛiʔ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"| '''áey''' /ɛiˤ/


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| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''àoy''' /ɜiɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''àoy''' /ɜiʱ/


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! style="" |Tense
! style="" |Tense


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''áy''' /aiʔ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''áy''' /aiˤ/


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===Ending in /u/===
===Ending in /u/===
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| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ùew''' /ɨuɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ùew''' /ɨuʱ/


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| style="background-color: lightgreen;"| '''ów''' /ouʔ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"| '''ów''' /ouˤ/
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! style="" |Breathy
! style="" |Breathy
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| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''òew''' /ɘuɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''òew''' /ɘuʱ/


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''òw '''/ouɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''òw '''/ouʱ/
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! rowspan="3"|Open-mid
! rowspan="3"|Open-mid
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! style="" |Tense
! style="" |Tense


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"| '''áew''' /ɛuʔ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"| '''áew''' /ɛuˤ/


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| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ôw''' /ɔuʔ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''ôw''' /ɔuˤ/
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! style="" |Breathy
! style="" |Breathy
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| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''àow''' /ɜuɦ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''àow''' /ɜuʱ/


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! style="" |Tense
! style="" |Tense


| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''áw''' /auʔ/
| style="background-color: lightgreen;"|'''áw''' /auˤ/


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<!-- Categories -->
[[Category:Antarctican]]

Latest revision as of 05:14, 22 August 2013

This page is regarding an aspect of the phonology of the Antarctican conlang. In addition to distinguishing vowels by height and frontness, vowel phonation is also phonemic in Antarctican. The possible phonation types are modal, tense (also pronounced with a higher pitch), and breathy (also pronounced with a lower pitch). However, not every vowel can occur with every kind of phonation. The possible combinations are listed in the tables below:

Monophthongs

Monophthong phonation
Voice Front Central Back
Close Modal i /i/ ue /ɨ/ from /i/ u /u/
Breathy ùe /ɨʱ/ ù /uʱ/
Close-mid Modal e /e/ oe /ɘ/ from /e/ o /o/ from /u/
Tense é /eˤ/ óe /ɘˤ/ ó /oˤ/
Breathy òe /ɘʱ/ ò /oʱ/
Open-mid Modal ae /ɛ/ from /a/ õ /ɔ/
Tense áe /ɛˤ/ áo /ɜˤ/ ô /ɔˤ/
Breathy ào /ɜʱ/
Open Modal a /a/ ã /ɒ/ from /ɔ/
Tense á /aˤ/


  • Vowels in green are found everywhere.
  • Vowels in pink are phonemic at the end of words, where they mark ergative case, and are allophones elsewhere. They occur before another syllable beginning with a voiced consonant followed by a modally voiced vowel. The vowel that they are an allophone of is indicated afterwards.
  • Vowels in blue are phonemic at the end of words, where they mark comitative case, and are allophones elsewhere. They occur before another syllable beginning with a voiceless consonant followed by a modally voiced vowel. The vowel that they are an allophone of is indicated afterwards.
  • Vowels in orange are only found in reduplications.

Antarctican uses reduplication in its morphology, however it only partially reduplicates diphthongs, reducing them to monophthongs in the reduplicated syllable e.g.

  • 'kówntátu /kouɴˤtaˤtu/ – acquaintance, absolutive
  • 'kókówntátu /koˤkouɴˤtaˤtu/ – acquaintances (of each other), absolutive

When such diphthongs are truncated, it is always only the first part of it that is preserved e.g. /eiˤ/ and /euˤ/ both shorten to /eiˤ/. /oiˤ/ and /ouˤ/ both shorten to /oˤ/ etc.

Diphthongs

There are similar restrictions on diphthongs:


Ending in /i/

Diphthong phonation /i/
Voice Front Central Back
Close Modal uy /ui/
Breathy ùey /ɨiʱ/ ùy /uiʱ/
Close-mid Modal ey /ei/ oey /ɘi/ oy /oi/
Tense éy /eiˤ/ óey /ɘiˤ/ óy /oiˤ/
Breathy òey /ɘiʱ/
Open-mid Modal aey /ɛi/
Tense áey /ɛiˤ/
Breathy àoy /ɜiʱ/
Open Modal ay /ai/
Tense áy /aiˤ/

Ending in /u/

Diphthong phonation /u/
Voice Front Central Back
Close Modal
Breathy ùew /ɨuʱ/
Close-mid Modal ew /ew/ oew /ɘu/ ow /ou/
Tense ów /ouˤ/
Breathy òew /ɘuʱ/ òw /ouʱ/
Open-mid Modal aew /ɛu/ õw /ɔu/
Tense áew /ɛuˤ/ ôw /ɔuˤ/
Breathy àow /ɜuʱ/
Open Modal aw /au/
Tense áw /auˤ/
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