Greko-Latina: Difference between revisions

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<!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? -->
<!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? -->


Græko-Latina is intended as a way to take the international scientific and Græko-Latin vocabulary and make an International Auxiliary Language.  It arose from my disfavor with the vocabulary, phonology, etc. of other IALs such as Esperanto and Interlingua.  As a secondary matter, I hope it could be used by the Catholic Church as a way to simplify Latin to bring back for mass.
Greko-Latina is intended as a way to take the international scientific and Greko-Latin vocabulary and make an International Auxiliary Language.  It arose from my disfavor with the vocabulary, phonology, etc. of other IALs such as Esperanto and Interlingua.  As a secondary matter, I hope it could be used by the Catholic Church as a way to simplify Latin to bring back for mass.


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==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Orthography===
===Orthography===
Græko-Latina uses the 26 standard letters of the Latin alphabet with the addition of æ and œ, which may be written as ae and oe if it's more convenient.  All letters have their IPA values except <c>, q>, and <x>, which are /t͡s or t͡ʃ/, /kʷ/, and /ʃ/ respectively.  Four digraphs (ai, au, eu, oi) make the implied diphthong, and ch, rh, and th have their Greek pronunciations (/x/, /r̥/, and /θ/, respectively).  Q does not pair with u, as in most European languages, as this is redundant.
Greko-Latina uses the 26 standard letters of the Latin alphabet with the addition of æ and œ.  All letters have their IPA values except c, q, and x, which are /t͡s or t͡ʃ/, /kʷ/, and /ʃ/ respectively.  Four digraphs (ai, au, eu, oi) make the implied diphthong.  Q does not pair with u, as in most European languages, as this is redundant.


This way the letters and digraphs have as close as possible to their pan-European values as possible while also being phonetic.
This way the letters and digraphs have as close as possible to their pan-European values as possible while also being phonetic.
{| class="wikitable"
! Letter
! IPA (preferred)
! IPA (alternate)
|-
| a || ɑ ||
|-
| æ || æ ||ɛ
|-
| b || b ||
|-
| c || t͡s || t͡ʃ
|-
| d || d ||
|-
| e || e ||
|-
| f || f ||
|-
| g || g || ɣ
|-
| h || h || ɦ
|-
| i || i ||
|-
| j || j ||
|-
| k || k ||
|-
| l || l ||
|-
| m || m ||
|-
| n || n ||
|-
| o || o ||
|-
| œ || œ ||
|-
| p || p ||
|-
| q || kʷ || kw, kv
|-
| r || r || any voiced rhotic
|-
| s || s ||
|-
| t || t ||
|-
| u || u ||
|-
| v || v ||
|-
| w || w ||
|-
| x || ʃ ||
|-
| y || y || ɪ, ʏ, ɨ, ə
|-
| z || z || d͡z
|}


===Consonants===
===Consonants===
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! rowspan="2" style="width: 70px; " |Dental
! rowspan="2" style="width: 70px; " |Dental
! rowspan="2" style="width: 70px; " |Alveolar
! rowspan="2" style="width: 70px; " |Alveolar
! rowspan="2" style="width: 70px; " |Palatal/alveolar
! rowspan="2" style="width: 70px; " |Palato-Alveolar
! rowspan="2" style="width: 70px; " |Palatal
! colspan="2" style=witdch: 140px; |Velar
! colspan="2" style=witdch: 140px; |Velar
|-
|-
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| colspan="3" | n
| colspan="3" | n
|  
|  
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
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! style="" rowspan="1" |Plosive
! style="" rowspan="1" |Plosive
| p b
| p b
| colspan="2" | t d
|
|  
| colspan="2" |t d  
|
| k g
| k g
| kʷ
| kʷ
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! style="" colspan="1" |Affricate
! style="" colspan="1" |Affricate
|  
|  
| colspan="3" | t͡s ~ t͡ʃ
|
|
| colspan="2" | t͡s ~ t͡ʃ
|  
|  
|  
|  
|
|
|-
|-
! style="" rowspan="1" |Fricative
! style="" rowspan="1" |Fricative
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| s z
| s z
| ʃ
| ʃ
| x
| colspan="2" | ç ~ x
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! style="" colspan="1" |Approximant
! style="" colspan="1" |Approximant
|  
|  
|  
| colspan="3" | l
|  
| j  
| j
|  
|  
| w
| w
| h
| h
|-
|-
! style="" colspan="1" |Trill
! style="" colspan="1" |Rhotic
|  
|  
| colspan="3" | r̥ r
| colspan="3" | r r̥
|
|  
|  
|
|
|  
|
|-
|-
|-
! style="" rowspan="1" |Lateral
|
| colspan="3" | lː
|
|
|
|-
|-
|}
|}


Consonants are never geminated.  As a matter of coincidence, this is similar to the consonant inventory of Welsh without the voiceless nasal series.
Consonants are never geminated.


===Vowels===
===Vowels===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 300px; text-align:center"
!  style="width: 30px; "|
!  style="width: 30px; "|
!  style="width: 30px; "|Front
!  style="width: 30px; "|Front Unrounded
!  style="width: 30px; "|Front Rounded
!  style="width: 30px; "|Back
!  style="width: 30px; "|Back
|-
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Close
! style="text-align: center; "|Close
| i y
| i
| y
| u
| u
|-
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Mid
! style="text-align: center; "|Mid
| e œ
| e  
| œ
| o
| o
|-
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Open
! style="text-align: center; "|Open
| æ
| æ
|
| ɑ
| ɑ
|}
|}
The vowel system is similar to Finnish, except without length distinction.


===Prosody===
===Prosody===
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===Phonotactics===
===Phonotactics===
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
The maximal syllable structure is <C><C><C><V><C><C>.
===Morphophonology===
===Morphophonology===


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==Syntax==
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Constituent order===
Since there are few inflections, a strict word order of SVO is required.
Since there are few inflections, a strict word order of SVO is required, and adjectives come after nouns.


===Noun phrase===
===Noun phrase===
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The Lord's Prayer:
The Lord's Prayer:


"Nostro patre, ki stas in cælo, <br/>
"Nostro patre, ki stas in celo, <br/>
santifakato stare tutro nomene, <br/>
santifakato stare tutro nomene, <br/>
tutro regita avenas, <br/>
tutro regita avenas, <br/>
tutro volunto stare fakato, <br/>
tutro volunto stare fakato, <br/>
in geo et in cælo, <br/>
in geo et in celo, <br/>
das a nos hodi nostro diese pane, <br/>
das a nos hodi nostro diese pane, <br/>
et dismisa nostro debito tam nos dismisa le debite de alio, <br/>
et dismisa nostro debito tam nos dismisa le debite de alio, <br/>
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pero liberas nos de malo. <br/>
pero liberas nos de malo. <br/>
Ka tutro stas la regita, potenca, et glori, <br/>
Ka tutro stas la regita, potenca, et glori, <br/>
en æternita, amen."
en eternita, amen."


==Other resources==
==Other resources==
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[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Languages]]

Latest revision as of 02:39, 20 January 2017


Introduction

Greko-Latina is intended as a way to take the international scientific and Greko-Latin vocabulary and make an International Auxiliary Language. It arose from my disfavor with the vocabulary, phonology, etc. of other IALs such as Esperanto and Interlingua. As a secondary matter, I hope it could be used by the Catholic Church as a way to simplify Latin to bring back for mass.


Phonology

Orthography

Greko-Latina uses the 26 standard letters of the Latin alphabet with the addition of æ and œ. All letters have their IPA values except c, q, and x, which are /t͡s or t͡ʃ/, /kʷ/, and /ʃ/ respectively. Four digraphs (ai, au, eu, oi) make the implied diphthong. Q does not pair with u, as in most European languages, as this is redundant.

This way the letters and digraphs have as close as possible to their pan-European values as possible while also being phonetic.

Letter IPA (preferred) IPA (alternate)
a ɑ
æ æ ɛ
b b
c t͡s t͡ʃ
d d
e e
f f
g g ɣ
h h ɦ
i i
j j
k k
l l
m m
n n
o o
œ œ
p p
q kʷ kw, kv
r r any voiced rhotic
s s
t t
u u
v v
w w
x ʃ
y y ɪ, ʏ, ɨ, ə
z z d͡z

Consonants

Labial Dental Alveolar Palato-Alveolar Palatal Velar
plain labialized Glottal
Nasal m n
Plosive p b t d k g kʷ
Affricate t͡s ~ t͡ʃ
Fricative f v θ s z ʃ ç ~ x
Approximant l j w h
Rhotic r r̥

Consonants are never geminated.

Vowels

Front Unrounded Front Rounded Back
Close i y u
Mid e œ o
Open æ ɑ

Prosody

Stress

Stress is always on the penultimate syllable.

Intonation

Phonotactics

The maximal syllable structure is <C><C><C><V><C><C>.

Morphophonology

Morphology

Syntax

Constituent order

Since there are few inflections, a strict word order of SVO is required, and adjectives come after nouns.

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

The Lord's Prayer:

"Nostro patre, ki stas in celo,
santifakato stare tutro nomene,
tutro regita avenas,
tutro volunto stare fakato,
in geo et in celo,
das a nos hodi nostro diese pane,
et dismisa nostro debito tam nos dismisa le debite de alio,
et no indukas nos a tentace,
pero liberas nos de malo.
Ka tutro stas la regita, potenca, et glori,
en eternita, amen."

Other resources

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