Chlouvānem: Difference between revisions
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| 3PL || dæld'''altiė''' || gṇyau'''tiė''' || tṛl'''altiė''' || chlei'''nāltiė''' || haneali'''alit''' | | 3PL || dæld'''altiė''' || gṇyau'''tiė''' || tṛl'''altiė''' || chlei'''nāltiė''' || haneali'''alit''' | ||
|} | |||
=====Causative===== | |||
=====Regular===== | |||
Causative forms are the same regardless of conjugation; they are formed basically with an extended stem with ''-(a)xh-''. Ablauting verbs always have the highest grade vowel, while inverse ablaut verbs have the "lowered" vowel in front of the normal stem.<br/> | |||
All causative verbs have both exterior and interior forms. | |||
Exterior forms: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Person !! nāmvake "to make crush, press"<br/>(normal) !! mišake "to show"<br/>(ablaut) !! valde "to make open"<br/>(inverse ablaut) | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG || nāmv'''axhā''' || maiš'''axhā''' || uvald'''axhā''' | |||
|- | |||
| 2SG || nāmv'''axhie''' || maiš'''axhie''' || uvald'''axhie''' | |||
|- | |||
| 3SG || nāmv'''axhāt''' || maiš'''axhāt''' || uvald'''axhāt''' | |||
|- | |||
| 1DU || nāmv'''anxhām''' || maiš'''anxhām''' || uvald'''anxhām''' | |||
|- | |||
| 2DU || nāmv'''anxhās''' || maiš'''anxhās''' || uvald'''anxhās''' | |||
|- | |||
| 3DU || nāmv'''anxhū''' || maiš'''anxhū''' || uvald'''anxhū''' | |||
|- | |||
| 1PL || nāmv'''axhum''' || maiš'''axhum''' || uvald'''axhum''' | |||
|- | |||
| 2PL || nāmv'''axhuh''' || maiš'''axhuh''' || uvald'''axhuh''' | |||
|- | |||
| 3PL || nāmv'''axhįs''' || maiš'''axhįs''' || uvald'''axhįs''' | |||
|} | |||
Interior forms: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Person !! nāmvake "to make each other crush, press"<br/>(normal) !! mišake "to learn; to show each other"<br/>(ablaut) !! valde "to open; to make each other open"<br/>(inverse ablaut) | |||
|- | |||
| 1SG || nāmv'''alxheah''' || maiš'''alxheah''' || uvald'''alxheah''' | |||
|- | |||
| 2SG || nāmv'''alxhėyi''' || maiš'''alxhėyi''' || uvald'''alxhėyi''' | |||
|- | |||
| 3SG || nāmv'''alxheši''' || maiš'''alxheši''' || uvald'''alxheši''' | |||
|- | |||
| 1DU || nāmv'''anxlem''' || maiš'''anxlem''' || uvald'''anxlem''' | |||
|- | |||
| 2DU || nāmv'''anxles''' || maiš'''anxles''' || uvald'''anxles''' | |||
|- | |||
| 3DU || nāmv'''anxliū''' || maiš'''anxliū''' || uvald'''anxliū''' | |||
|- | |||
| 1PL || nāmv'''alxhiam''' || maiš'''alxhiam''' || uvald'''alxhiam''' | |||
|- | |||
| 2PL || nāmv'''alxhiah''' || maiš'''alxhiah''' || uvald'''alxhiah''' | |||
|- | |||
| 3PL || nāmv'''alxhįtė''' || maiš'''alxhįtė''' || uvald'''alxhįtė''' | |||
|} | |} | ||