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Revision as of 14:47, 26 June 2013

354 bytes removed ,  26 June 2013
→‎Instrumental proper
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The '''instrumental''' ({{sc|ins}}) case serves a number of purposes in the Ris language. Primarily, it is used to indicate that a noun is the instrument or means by or with which an action is conducted.  
The '''instrumental''' ({{sc|ins}}) case serves a number of purposes in the Ris language. Primarily, it is used to indicate that a noun is the instrument or means by or with which an action is conducted.  


{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em;"
 
{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em; border:1px solid #CCC; background:#f5f5f5"
|+
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="8"| '''gva va gramma genn{{blue|an}} gira'''  
| colspan="3"|'''thēróuna nasḗr{{blue|ne}}'''
|-
 
<!-- Pronunciation-->
!
| colspan="8"| /ɡwa wa ˈkr̥aŋ͡mø ˈk͡pœœnːan ˈɡira/
|-
<!-- Morphemes-->
|<small>g</small>
|<small>-va</small>
|<small>va</small>
|<small>gramm-</small>
|<small>-a</small>
|<small>kvenn</small>
|<small>{{blue|-an}}</small>
|<small>gira</small>
|-
<!-- Gloss-->
|I{{sc|.1.sg.m}}
| -{{sc|m.agt}}
|the.{{sc|def.n}}
| letter.{{sc|n.sg}}
| -{{sc|pat.n.sg}}
|pen.{{sc|m.sg}}
| -{{sc|m.{{blue|ins}}}}
|write/{{sc|ind.dyn.m.sg}}
|-
<!-- Translations -->
| colspan="8"| ''I write the letter with a pen''
|}


{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em;"
| colspan="3"|'''{{blue|napsántan}} as...'''
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="4"|'''atva {{blue|u}}tagav{{blue|un}} aggim'''


!
!


| colspan="4"|'''inaratr{{blue|in}} nurimni'''
| colspan="4"| '''ktérman kátergo tī́km{{blue|ēnne}}'''  
|-
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
<!-- Pronunciation-->
| colspan="4"|/atˈwa utˈaɡøwun aɡˈɡiŋ/
| colspan="3"|/tʰeːˈrʊna naˈseːrnɛ/
 
!
 
| colspan="3"|/naˈpsantan as/


!
!


| colspan="4"|/inˈaratr̥in ˈnuriŋ͡mi/
| colspan="4"| /ˈktɛrman ˈkatɛrgo ˈtɪːkmeːnɛ/
|-
|-
<!-- Morphemes-->
<!-- Morphemes-->
|<small>at</small>
|<small>thēróuna</small>
|<small>-va</small>
|<small>nasḗr</small>
|<small>⟨{{blue|u}}⟩tagav⟨{{blue|un}}⟩</small>
|<small>{{blue|-ne}}</small>
|<small>aggim</small>
 
!
 
|<small>napsántas</small>
|<small>{{blue|-n}}</small>
|<small>as</small>


!
!


|<small>inaratra</small>
|<small>ktérman</small>
|<small>{{blue|-in}}</small>
|<small>kátergo</small>
|<small>nurimn</small>
|<small>tī́km</small>
|<small>-mni</small>
|<small>{{blue|-ēnne}}</small>
|-
|-
<!-- Gloss-->
<!-- Gloss-->
|we/{{sc|1.c.pl}}
| to travel.{{sc|act.ind.ipfv.1.pl.inv-agt}}
| {{sc|m.agt}}
|boat.{{sc|ma-inan.}}
|⟨{{sc|n.{{blue|ins}}}}⟩boat/{{sc|n.col}}⟨{{sc|n.{{blue|ins}}}}⟩
| -{{sc|{{blue|ins}}.sg}}
| go/{{sc|ind.gn.c.pl}}
!
 
| to learn.{{sc|act.pcp}}
| -{{sc|{{blue|ins}}.sg}}
|this.{{sc|prox.3.sg}}


!
!


|happiness/{{sc|f.sg}}
|letter.{{sc|ma-inan.pat.dc}}
| -{{sc|f.{{blue|ins}}.sg}}
| to write.{{sc|act.ind.ipfv.1.sg.inv-agt}}
|gladden/{{sc|med.dir.c.pl}}
|pen.{{sc|ma-inan.}}
| -{{sc|2.pat.f.pl}}
| -{{sc|{{blue|ins}}.dc}}
|-
|-
<!-- Translations -->
<!-- Translations -->


| colspan="4"| ''We go by boat''
| colspan="3"| ''We go by boat''
 
!
 
| colspan="3"|''By learning this...'' or ''By stealing this...''


!
!


| colspan="4"|''Let happiness make you glad!'' - Attian saying.
| colspan="4"| ''I write letters with pens''
|}
|}


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