Old Swuntsim: Difference between revisions
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*Naquian Swutsim | *Naquian Swutsim | ||
==Numbers== | ==Numbers== | ||
1: | 1: -an | ||
2: | 2: -xʷiš | ||
3: | 3: -ʔiyəm | ||
4: | 4: -udzuq | ||
5: | 5: -t'u | ||
6: | 6: -čayədž | ||
7: | 7: -buč'o | ||
8: | 8: -wiməʔ | ||
9: | 9: -anay | ||
10: | 10: -kʷ'in | ||
==Grammar== | ==Grammar== |
Revision as of 15:56, 30 March 2018
Old Swuntsim (tSxwəcim) was the ancient Tsimulh language spoken by the Swutsim people. It is still often used as a liturgical language among religious Swutsim.
Descendants:
- Talman Swutsim
- Naquian Swutsim
Numbers
1: -an
2: -xʷiš
3: -ʔiyəm
4: -udzuq
5: -t'u
6: -čayədž
7: -buč'o
8: -wiməʔ
9: -anay
10: -kʷ'in
Grammar
Noun class system got weird - formal noun classes remain but the words semantically shift as in Sanskrit
Nouns
Noun classes
Sacred Swutsim had a noun class system like the Bantu languages. There were 12 noun classes, which are numbered as follows:
- ʔə-, pl. cə-
- bu-, pl. də-
- p-, pl. əpi-
- s-, pl. dus-
- ut-, pl. pσə-
- ma-, pl. əwə-
- č-, pl. abi-
- gu-, pl. n-
- σi-, pl. wi-
- t-
- t’im-
- pda-
Cases
- Nominative: -0
- Genitive: -s
Verbs
Noun class prefixes
- I = kʷə-
- you (sg) = xʷə-
- we = wə-
- you (pl) = cu-
- Noun class prefixes:
- ʔə-, pl. cə-
- bu-, pl. də-
- p-, pl. əpi-
- s-, pl. dus-
- ut-, pl. pσə-
- ma-, pl. əwə-
- č-, pl. abi-
- gu-, pl. n-
- σi-, pl. wi-
- t-, no plural
- t’im-, no plural
- pda- (common for abstract nouns), no plural
Tense affixes
-s - past tense
Numbers
The numerals 1-9 inflected for noun class; 10 and higher units did not.
1: *-an
2: *-xʷiš
3: *-ʔiyəm
4: *-udzuq
5: *-t'u
6: *-čaydž
7: *-buč'oh
8: *-gwiməʔ
9: *-anay
10: *-kʷ'in