Aeranir Lexicon: Difference between revisions
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<code>PFV.1SG</code> '''fērī''' | <code>PFV.1SG</code> '''fērī''' | ||
From PI ''θerets'', from PME ''der'' "to hold, to carry." Cognate with Dalitian ''déreis'', Proto-Fyrdic ''deridi'', Proto-Maro-Stiric '' | From PI ''θerets'', from PME ''der'' "to hold, to carry." Cognate with Dalitian ''déreis'', Proto-Fyrdic ''deridi'', Proto-Maro-Stiric ''dʰárati''. | ||
# it holds me (in its hand), it takes me, carries me, bear me | # it holds me (in its hand), it takes me, carries me, bear me |
Revision as of 10:45, 10 May 2019
A
aber
[ˈa.bɛɽ] n. t.
GEN.SG
abrī
From PI aðros, from PME ḫešróš “fish.”
- fish; the animal, not the food
Descendants:
- Ilesse: avru
- S'entin: avre
- Tevrés: abre
aceltiç
[aˈkɛɫ.tɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
acëltīghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
acelsus;
OPT.1SG
acelsid; PFV.1SG
acëltīvī
from ac and alta.
Descendants:
- Ilesse: ajeutiga
- S'entin: ézeutie
- Tevrés: azeutía
aecū
[ˈɛː.kuː] pro.
GEN
teī
From PME ḫeikuḥ.
- first person singular pronoun; I, me, my, etc.
Clitics: NOM
te; GEN
tī; ACC
tis
aedal
[ˈɛː.daɫ] n. c.
GEN.SG
aedālis
From aedaç + -al.
- deep, romantic love, which may sometimes be overwhelming; romantic obsession, longing, affection, care.
- attachment, craving, desire
Descendants:
- Ilesse: eai
- S'entin: oyal
- Tevrés: eal
aedaç
[ˈɛː.dat͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
aedāghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
aedātus; OPT.1SG
aedārid;
PFV.1SG
aedāvī
From PI aiðāts, from PME ḫeid- a term of affection
- it loves me
agiç
[ˈa.ɲɪt͡s] v. di.
IMPF.INF
agëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
āctus; OPT.1SG
āxid;
PFV.1SG
ēgī
From PI agets, from PME ḫeyy- “to sow.”
- it gives me (time, money, goods), It donates (something) to me
- āxe mater hānuṅ sēdis etuṅ binne
The senator would like to donate one hundred horses to the temple of Sede.
- āxe mater hānuṅ sēdis etuṅ binne
- it does me, it performs me, it conducts me, it rules me
- it applies me (makeup), it adds me (ornamentation, annotation)
- it sows me, it seeds me, it scatters me, it sprinkles me
- it spreads me far and wide
agnuṅ
[ˈãŋ.nũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
agnī
From PI aŋnom, from PME ḫeyy-n-ó “seed,” from root ḫeyy “to sow.”
- seed (of a plant), pip, kind, variety, quality, tone
- material (for an article), matter (of a story), subject, theme
- cause, source
- sperm, semen
Descendants:
- Ilesse: einu
- S'entin: ain
- Tevrés: eño
allor
[ˈal.lɔɽ] v. stat.
IMPF.INF
allissī; PFV.PTCP
alsus; OPT.1SG
alsor;
PFV.1SG
alō
From PI alnōr, from PME ḫelḥ “to be grown, feed, nourished, happy, prosperous.”
- I am fast, quick, hasty, brisk
- I am early, premature
- I am (too) soon, not yet, (too) early
Descendants:
- Ilesse: aliga
- S'entin: allie
- Tevrés: allía
alta
[ˈaɫ.ta] n. c.
GEN.SG
altae
From PI altā, from PME ḫélḥ “to be grown, feed, nourished, happy, prosperous.”
- water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water)
Descendants:
- Ilesse: outa
- S'entin: aue
- Tevrés: ota
aqua
[ˈa.qʷa] n. c.
GEN.SG
aquae
From PME ḫeqw "to open, to spread open, to unwrap," in the sense that the year opens with the spring. May also refer to the opening (blooming) of flowers.
- spring, springtime
- one's youth; young adulthood
Descendants:
- Ilesse: aba
- S'entin: eau
- Tevrés: agua
aquiç
[ˈa.qᶣɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
aquīghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
aqtus; OPT.1SG
aqsid;
PFV.1SG
ēquī
From PI aqʷjets, from PME ḫeqw “to open, to pry open, to spread, to invite.”
- it opens me, unwraps me, unlocks me
- it begins me, starts me
- to bloom, to flower; to come to maturity, to become an adult
aqumnus
[aˈqʊ̃m.nʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
aqumnī
From PI aqʷomnos, from PME ḫeqw “to open, to pry open, to spread, to invite.”
- a young, adolescent, youthful etc. person
Descendants:
- Ilesse: igunu
- S'entin: eauom
- Tevrés: agoño
archtha
[ˈark.t(ʰ)a] n. c.
GEN.SG
archthae
From Dalitian árkhthos. Cognate with native varsus "geyser."
- hot water; a bath
Descendants:
- Ilesse: irta
- S'entin: arte
- Tevrés: arta
arumnus
[aˈrʊ̃m.nʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
arumnī
From PI azomnos, from PME ḫeš “to breath, to be alive; spirit, soul.”
- living being, animal
Descendants:
- Ilesse: irunu
- S'entin: airom
- Tevrés: aroño
astūs
[ˈas.tuːs] n. t.
GEN.SG
astȳs
From PME ḫeš “to breath, to be alive; spirit, soul.”
- soul, spirit
- ghost, spectre, phantom
Descendants:
- Ilesse: istu
- S'entin: ât
- Tevrés: aste
āsus
[ˈaː.sʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
āsa; C.NOM.SG
āsuṅ
From PI āssos from PME ḫéḥtł-to- from root ḫeḥtł “to burn, to be dry, hearth, ash.”
- roasted, baked
- dried
ātla
[ˈaː.tɬa] n. c.
GEN.SG
ātlae
From PI ātɬā PME ḫeḥtł “to burn, to be dry, hearth, ash.”
- alter, shrine
Descendants:
- Ilesse: aza
- S'entin: alhe
- Tevrés: azha
augeç
[ˈɔː.ɲɛt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
augēghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
auctus; OPT.1SG
auxid;
PFV.1SG
augēvī
From PI augējets, from PME ḫeugg “to know, see.”
- active:
- middle:
- I look, see, perceive (without volition)
- I look (like something), I seem, appear
- passive:
- I am regarded as, seen as, thought to be
- auxiliary:
Descendants:
- Ilesse: ouviga
- S'entin: ouïe
- Tevrés: oía
axēs
[ˈak.seːs] n. c.
GEN.SG
axī
From PI aksis PME ḫecš “axis, axle, pivot.” Cognate with Dalitian axṓn, Stiric akṣaḥ.
- school, axēs: the primary social unit of Aeranid society, wherein a child is raised by the collective community. A child is generally raised in their parent's axēs, but this is not always the case, and they may change axēs later in life. An axēs is divided into several smaller cōmur.
- formīrate rhaeliṅ axī iūrō imëre
I want to help my child get into a good school.
- formīrate rhaeliṅ axī iūrō imëre
- axle, axis, pivot, centre (of a wheel, or by extension an organisation or endeavour)
- shoulder, collarbone
B
belliç
[ˈbɛl.lɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
bellëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
bulsus; OPT.1SG
bulsid;
PFV.1SG
bolī
From PI dwelnets, a rebracketing of the PME nasal present infix.
- it fills me, it fills me up
bolor
[ˈbɔ.ɫɔɽ] v. stat.
IMPF.INF
bellī; PFV.PTCP
boltus; OPT.1SG
bellor;
PFV.1SG
bōlō
From PI dwelōr, from PME ddeul "to fill, to be full."
- I am full, I am at compacity
- I am enough sufficient, adequate, proper, satisfactory
- I am a lot, much
Descendants:
- Ilesse: boeaga
- S'entin: beuloie
- Tevrés: bolía
C
cāra
[ˈkaː.ra] n. c.
GEN.SG
cārae
From PI kāzā, from PME keḫš- “to measure, to give advice."
- measure, value, character
- bound, limit
- manner, method, way
Descendants:
- Ilesse: cara
- S'entin: chère
- Tevrés: cara
cāreor
[ˈkaː.re.ɔɽ] v. stat.
IMPF.INF
cārēssī; PFV.PTCP
cāstus; OPT.1SG
cāsō;
PFV.1SG
cārēvō
From PI kāzējōr, from PME keḫš- “to measure, to give advice."
- (with dative) I heal, cure, remedy, am good for or against a disease
- cās iūs!
Get well soon!
- cās iūs!
cārïca
[ˈkaːrː.ka] n. t.
GEN.SG
cārïcae
From cāreor + -ïca.
- medic, doctor, physician, healer
Descendants:
- Ilesse: carga
- S'entin: cherge, carique
- Tevrés: cárica
cariç
[ˈka.rɪt͡s] v. intr.
IMPF.INF
carëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
cartus; OPT.1SG
carrid;
PFV.1SG
cērī
From PI karets, from PME kḥer- “to sway, to wave.”
- I dance (a whirling dance)
- carrid nēcul
I want to dance with you.
- carrid nēcul
- I flutter about, I revolve
Descendants:
- Ilesse: careaga
- S'entin: chieroie
- Tevrés: caría
carmen
[ˈkar.mɛ̃n] n. e.
GEN.SG
carmïnis
From PI karmən, from PME kḥer- “to sway, to wave.” Hence also cariç.
Descendants:
- Ilesse: carme
- S'entin: charme
- Tevrés: cambre, carme
carta
[ˈkar.ta] n. c.
GEN.SG
cartae
From cariç.
- dance, ball, party
Descendants:
- Ilesse: carta
- S'entin: charte
- Tevrés: carta
cās
[kaːs] n. c.
GEN.SG
cānis
From PI kaznis, from PME keḫš- “to measure, to give advice."
- month
- sumerra prīste fac cās appū
This month will be the hottest of the year.
- sumerra prīste fac cās appū
Descendants:
- Ilesse: cãe
- S'entin: chien
- Tevrés: can
ce
[cɛ] pro.
GEN.SG
ceī
From PME ke.
- reflexive pronoun; myself, yourself, themselves, etc.
coffëriç
[ˈkɔf.fæ.rɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
cofferëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
coffertus; OPT.1SG
cofferrid; PFV.1SG
coffērī
- it puts up with me, stands me, bears me, withstands me
colindëria
[kɔˈlɪ̃n.dæ.rja] n. c.
GEN.SG
colindëriae
From colindus + -ia.
- agreement together, union, concord, accord
- coliūcētëra colindëria axī tūghī īme
The accord combines the two schools into one.
- coliūcētëra colindëria axī tūghī īme
- harmony, peace
Descendants:
- Ilesse: cuindeira
- S'entin: coudoire
- Tevrés: coldera
colindus
[kɔˈlɪ̃n.dʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
colindëris; E.NOM.SG
colindëre
From col- + indus.
- agreeing, of one heart, mind; concordant
- like-minded
- peaceful, harmonious
coliūceç
[kɔlˈjuːcɛt͡s] v. di.
IMPF.INF
iūcēghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
iūctus; OPT.1SG
iūxid;
PFV.1SG
iūcēvī
From col- + iūceç.
(active)
- it joins it with me, binds it with me
(middle)
- it joins me together, it binds me together, it combines me
- coliūcētëra colindëria axī tūghī īme
The accord combines the two schools into one.
- coliūcētëra colindëria axī tūghī īme
Descendants:
- Ilesse: cullujeaga
- S'entin: couilluzoie, coujuçoie
- Tevrés: coyuzía, coljucía
collïgiç
[ˈkɔl.lɨ.ɲɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
colligëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
collectus; OPT.1SG
collexid;
PFV.1SG
collēvī
col- + legiç.
- it assembles me, it collects me, it gathers me
- gēs aplīdiāna collecta
the Collected Matters of Apleidion
- gēs aplīdiāna collecta
cōmïdus
[ˈkoː.mɨ.dʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
cōmïda; E.NOM.SG
cōmïduṅ
From cōmus + -ïdus.
- of or related to the house, home, cōmus
- (cyclical substantive) house name, family name (from noma cōmïda), used after position or noma (if necessary).
Descendants:
- Ilesse: condu
- S'entin: cond
- Tevrés: conde, cómida
cōmīnus
[koːˈmiː.nʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
cōmīnī
From cōmus + -īnus.
- member of a household, house, family or cōmus
Descendants:
- Ilesse: coiu
- S'entin: commin
- Tevrés: comin
cōmus
[ˈkoː.mʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
cōmī
From PME kwṓm, from root kwem "to build up, to arrange, to put together." Cognate with Dalitian phómos, Old Marian kāma, Proto-Stravonic komĭ.
- house, home
- household, family
- the round of social order below the axēs, a house or household, where members are not necessarily related by blood, but by common interest, ideas, aims, etc. Each cōmus belongs to an axēs, wherein any children of that cōmus are educated and raised, although children or parents may choose to enter other axēs or cōmus at any time of their own will, provided they are accepted
Descendants:
- Ilesse: cõ
- S'entin: com
- Tevrés: como
contus
[ˈkɔ̃n.tʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
contī
From PME kontos, from root kenḫ "to pass through, to go through, to pass, to end; limit, bound."
- end, stop, finish
- bounds, limits
- the last moment before action can take place; last chance, decisive moment
- cīs contus tibōrānium paciendī
Our last chance to take Tiboraniun approaches.
- cīs contus tibōrānium paciendī
Descendants:
- Ilesse: contu
- S'entin: cont
- Tevrés: cuente
copiēṅsuṅ
[kɔˈpjẽː.sũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
copēṅsī
From copiç + -ēṅsuṅ.
- draft animal (e.g. ox, horse)
Descendants:
- Ilesse: cujessu
- S'entin: couvies
- Tevrés: cuyés
copiç
[ˈkɔ.pɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
copīghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
coptus; OPT.1SG
copsid;
PFV.1SG
copuī
From PI kʷopjets from PME kʷep "to tie, to bind; a knot."
- it ties me (a knot), it binds me
Descendants:
- Ilesse: coviga
- S'entin: cœuvie
- Tevrés: covía
cops
[ˈkɔps] n. t.
GEN.SG
copis
From PI kʷops from PME kʷep "to tie, to bind; a knot."
- helmet, helm
Descendants:
- Ilesse: cove
- S'entin: cœuf
- Tevrés: cueve
cōreç
[ˈkoː.rɛt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
cōrēghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
cōrtus; OPT.1SG
cōrrid;
PFV.1SG
cōrēvī
From PI korejets, from PME kḫor-éie-, causative of root kḥer- “to sway, to wave; to bend” Hence also cariç.
- it tortures me, to torments me
- (middle) I am excruciating
Descendants:
- Ilesse: coreaga
- S'entin: coroie
- Tevrés: coría
cul
[kʊɫ] prep.
From PI kol from PME tł-lḥi from interrogative/relative pronoun tł.
- together, with
cupiç
[ˈkʊ.pɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
cupëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
cuptus; OPT.1SG
cupsid;
PFV.1SG
cūpī
From PI kupets, from PME keup "to take, to distribute."
- it buys me, it purchases me
- it values me, it has a high opinion of me
Descendants:
- Ilesse: cuveaga
- S'entin: couvoie
- Tevrés: covía
CU
Ç
çala
[ˈt͡sa.ɫa] n. c.
GEN.SG
çalae
From PI tsalā, from PME čeḥdł “to be hollow.”
- bowl, cup
- tub, cauldron
- bucket
çalla
[ˈt͡sal.la] n. c.
GEN.SG
çallae
From çala + -üla, through medial *çalola.
- bowl, cup
Descendants:
- Ilesse: çala
- S'entin: çalle
- Tevrés: çalla
çalut
[ˈt͡sa.ɫʊt] n. e.
GEN.SG
çalïtis
From çala + -ut.
- tub, cauldron
- bucket
çaliteus
[t͡saˈɫɪ.te.ʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
çalitea; E.NOM.SG
çaliteuṅ
From çalut + -eus.
- tub or cauldron like, container like
- (cyclical substantive)
- bath; bathtub (from archtha calōtea); personal bath, as opposed to a public bath (see archtha nīrïda)
Descendants:
- Ilesse: çoiza
- S'entin: cèloize
- Tevrés: çaliza
çalïtīnus
[t͡sa.ɫɨˈtiː.nʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
çalïtīnī
From çalut + -īnus.
- chemist, alchemist, mage, magician, scientist
Descendants:
- Ilesse: çouziu
- S'entin: cèlouïn
- Tevrés: çaldin
D
dārus
[ˈdaː.rʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
dārī
From PI dāzos, from PME ddeḫ- “to put, to prosper, to succeed.”
- a helpful god or spirit; benevolent spirit
Descendants:
- Ilesse: daru
- S'entin: dair
- Tevrés: dar
daemō
[ˈdɛː.moː] n. t.
GEN.SG
daemōnis
From PI dāimō, from PME ddeḫ- “to put, to prosper, to succeed.”
- blessing, spell, luck
Descendants:
- Ilesse: deve
- S'entin: demmon
- Tevrés: demon
daevus
[ˈdɛː.ʋʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
daeva; E.NOM.SG
daevuṅ
From PI dāiwos, from PME ddeḫ- “to put, to prosper, to succeed.”
- kind, gracious, benevolent
Descendants:
- Ilesse: devu
- S'entin: dief
- Tevrés: dievo
deciç
[ˈdɛ.cɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
decëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
dectus; OPT.1SG
dexid;
PFV.1SG
decuī
From PI dekets, from PME ďďek- “to hug, to embrace, to hold in arms.”
- it embraces me, it holds me in its arms, it hugs me
- it harbours me (e.g. a grudge) bears me, has be (e.g. ambition), entertains me (e.g. hope, suspicion)
- (vulgar) it has sex with me, makes love to me, sleeps with me
Descendants:
- Ilesse: dejeaga
- S'entin: desoie
- Tevrés: dezía
deç
[dɛt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
dēghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
dītus; OPT.1SG
dērid;
PFV.1SG
dī
From PI dēts, from PME ďďeḥ “to put in place; to place, to make, to do.”
(ditransitive)
- it cause it to become me, it makes it into me, it turns it into me
(transitive)
- it does me
- it serves as me (a job or position)
- it wears me (small items of clothing, a facial expression, an aura, etc.)
(intransitive)
- (with dative) I decide (on something)
(auxiliary)
- I decide (to do something)
- dīvate saub carëghaṅ
I decided to just dance.
- dīvate saub carëghaṅ
Descendants:
- Ilesse: deaga
- S'entin: doie
- Tevrés: día
didior
[ˈdɪ.ɟjɔɽ] v. stat.
IMPF.INF
didīsī; PFV.PTCP
didītus; OPT.1SG
didīrō;
PFV.1SG
didīvī
From PI didaiōr, from PME ddeḫ “to put in place; to place, to make, to do.”
- I am happy, I am prosperous
E
etus
[ˈɛ.tʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
etuī
From PI etwos, from PME ḥéťu-o-š from root ḥeťu "fast, swift." Cognate with Dalitian eîthos, Fyrdic eþwaz, Stiric aṭvaḥ, Old Marian aθva.
- horse, usually for riding
- rīptiṅ etuōnē iūs
Can you ride a horse? - send etus iucātusquo arumnur çēle tūtërentur
Riding horses and pack horses are completely different animals.
- rīptiṅ etuōnē iūs
ex
[ɛks] prep.
From PI ekis, from PME ḥec “near, against.”
- back (to, from), against
Descendants:
- Ilesse: es
- S'entin: ix
- Tevrés: eis
F
faç
[fat͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
faqqaṅ; PFV.PTCP
fassus; OPT.1SG
fassid;
PFV.1SG
fētī
Shortened from façiç, from PI θatsets, from PME dḥť-ié-ti "to do, to place, to out, to make."
- it does me, it makes me
- it cooks me, bakes me
Descendants:
- Ilesse: faziga
- S'entin: faizie
- Tevrés: hazía
feriç
[ˈfɛ.rɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
ferëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
fertus; OPT.1SG
ferrid;
PFV.1SG
fērī
From PI θerets, from PME der "to hold, to carry." Cognate with Dalitian déreis, Proto-Fyrdic deridi, Proto-Maro-Stiric dʰárati.
- it holds me (in its hand), it takes me, carries me, bear me
- it possesses me, has me, owns me
- it maintains me, keeps me, supports me, holds me up
- it endures me
Derived terms:
- affëriç
- coffëriç
- effëriç
- offëriç
festiç
[ˈfɛs.tɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
festëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
fessus; OPT.1SG
fessid;
PFV.1SG
festuī
From PI xʷestets, from PME gwešť "to hit, to strike, to throw, to kill."
Descendants:
- Ilesse: festeaga
- S'entin: fêtoie
- Tevrés: hestía
fēṅs
[fẽːs] n. c.
C.NOM.SG
fentis
From PI xʷentis, from PME ḥgwen "to breath, to blow."
- wind
fīgheus
[ˈfiː.ɣe.ʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
fīghea; E.NOM.SG
fīgheuṅ
From fīghus + -eus.
- bright yellow
fīghus
[ˈfiː.ɣʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
fīghī
Possibly from a substrate word *θeiɣ-, based on local Dalitian seíos.
- palo verde tree
- the flower of a palo verde tree
Descendants:
- Ilesse: figu
- S'entin: fi
- Tevrés: higo
fisc
[fɪsk] pro.
C.NOM.SG
fac; E.NOM.SG
fic
From PI θeske, from PME demonstrative pronouns de "The previously mentioned," and ke (alternate of gge) "he, she, it."
- proximal demonstrative pronoun; this, this one
formiç
[ˈfɔr.mɪt͡s] v. di.
IMPF.INF
formīghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
formītus; OPT.1SG
formīrid;
PFV.1SG
formīvī
From PI θormīts, from PME drem "to help, to assist."
- it helps me (with an activity, action), assists me, aids me
- it contributes something to me
Descendants:
- Ilesse: formiga
- S'entin: formie
- Tevrés: hormía
forānus
[fɔˈraː.nʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
forāna; E.NOM.SG
forānuṅ
From fos + -ānus.
- mountainous, hilly
Descendants:
- Ilesse: forão
- S'entin: forrain
- Tevrés: horan
forīnus
[fɔˈriː.nʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
forīnī
From fos + -īnus.
- mountain person, barbarian
- hick, hillbilly
Descendants:
- Ilesse: foriu
- S'entin: forrin
- Tevrés: horin
fos
[fɔs] n. t.
GEN.SG
foris
From PI θos, from PME deš "to rise above, to tower."
- mountain, hill
- heap, pile
(adjective noun)
- wild, unkempt, uncivilised, barbarian
Descendants:
- Ilesse: fore
- S'entin: feur
- Tevrés: fuer
fūnēs
[ˈfuː.neːs] n. t.
GEN.SG
fūnī
Loan from Proto-Anderic ɸoinā, from PME peḫwi-néḫ- from root peḫwi "to swim."
- boat, ship, vessel, watercraft
Descendants:
- Ilesse: fue
G
garīna
[gaˈriː.na] n. c.
GEN.SG
garīnae
From garor + -īna.
- important platonic relation; stronger than the English word friend
- platonic friendship, platonic or familial love
Descendants:
- Ilesse: gariña
- S'entin: gèrine
- Tevrés: garina
garor
[ˈga.rɔɽ] v. stat.
IMPF.INF
garrī; PFV.PTCP
gartus; OPT.1SG
garrō;
PFV.1SG
gērō
From PI garōr, from PME yyeḥr- “to tall, high, valuable, important.”
- I am expensive, valuable
- I am lovely, dear, beloved, darling, precious, cherished
- important, necessary, indispensable
Descendants:
- Ilesse: gareaga
- S'entin: jèroie
- Tevrés: garía
gēs
[ɟeːs] n. c.
GEN.SG
geī
From PI gēis, from PME ggeḥi-š “wealth, goods.”
- thing, matter, issue, affair, stuff
- incident, occurence, event
- circumstances, situation, state of affairs
gēshēsta
[ɟeːsˈheːs.ta] n. c.
GEN.SG
geīhēstae
From gēs and hēstus. Alternatively written gēs hēsta.
- rule, government
- serī gēshēsta tīnī gariaṅ
The government sets the price of tea.
- serī gēshēsta tīnī gariaṅ
Descendants:
- Ilesse: geèsta, geista
- S'entin: gehête, gête
- Tevrés: gehesta, gesta
H
hānuṅ
[ˈhaː.nũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
hānī
From PI χaznom, from PME gheḥš “god, diety, sacred place.”
- temple, shrine, holy place
hēstus
[ˈheːs.tʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
hēsta; E.NOM.SG
hēstuṅ
From PI χēstos, from PME gheḥš “god, diety, sacred place.”
- of or related to festivals, holidays, holy days
- happy, joyous, celebratory, festive
- of or related to the government (see gēshēsta)
hic
[çɪk] part.
From PI xeke, from PME yek “to step, to walk, to tread.”
hinae
[ˈçɪ.nɛː] pro.
GEN.SG
neī
From PME ggṇḫéi.
- second person singular pronoun; you, your, etc.
Clitics: NOM
ne; GEN
nī; ACC
nis
hōsaç
[ˈhoː.sat͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
hōsāghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
hōsātus; OPT.1SG
hōsārid;
PFV.1SG
hōsāvī
From PI χonsāts, from PME ğenḥ "free, unbound, unattached."
- it releases me, lets me go, frees me, sets me free, lets me loose
huneor
[ˈhʊ.ne.ɔɽ] v. stat.
IMPF.INF
hunissī; PFV.PTCP
huntus; OPT.1SG
hūsor;
PFV.1SG
hunuō
From hunuṅ.
- I am dusty, dirty
- I am arid, infertile
- I am light brown
hunuṅ
[ˈhʊ.nũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
hunī
From PI xonom PME yonḥ-ó- "earth, soil, dirt; humans, regular folk."
- dust earth; specifically arid and infertile earth
I
īcur
[ˈĩː.kʊɽ] n. e.
GEN.SG
īcis
From Proto-Iscaric (PI) eikor (stem eikn-), from Proto-Maro-Ephenian (PME) héikṛ "fire." The -gn- of the oblique stem was replaced with the nominative -k-. The opposite process also occured with īgnur (genitive īgnī), with also means 'fire,' but with a more negative connotation. Cognate with Dalitian eikhna, Stiric ekṛ, Old Marian aixra, Proto-Fyrdic eihur.
- fire, flame (collective, uncountable)
- passion, enthusiasm, joy, 'spark'
Descendants:
- Ilesse: igus
- Iscariano: igos
- Îredese: icus
- S'entin: iques
- Tevrés: igos
- Venzano: iccos
īdeç
[ˈiː.dɛt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
īdēghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
īsus; OPT.1SG
īsid;
PFV.1SG
īdēvī
From PI eizdējets, from PME ḥeiš “clearly, manifestly" and ďďeḥ "to do, to put, to render."
- it hears me, it listens to me
- it asks me
īgnur
[ˈĩːŋ.nʊɽ] n. e.
GEN.SG
īgnis
From Proto-Iscaric (PI) eikor (stem eikn-), from Proto-Maro-Ephenian (PME) héikṛ "fire." The -k- of the nominative stem was replaced with the oblique -gn-. The opposite process also occured with īcur (genitive īcis), with also means 'fire,' but with a more positive connotation.
- fire, flame (collective, uncountable)
- rage, anger, fury, resentment
Derived terms:
- īgneor
- īgnēsciç
- īgnal
- īgnālümus
Descendants:
- Late Aeranir: ígnëre
- Ilesse: inre
- Îredese: îmnâre
- S'entin: inre
- Venzano: ignere
- Iscariano: ignos
- Tevrés: iños
im
[ɪ̃m] prep.
From PI əm, from PME ṃ- “in, inside.”
- in, inside, within
Descendants:
- Ilesse: ẽ
- S'entin: am, eim
- Tevrés: en
imiç
[ˈɪ.mɪt͡s] v. intr.
IMPF.INF
imëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
imptus; OPT.1SG
imsid;
PFV.1SG
imuī
From im.
- I go in, I enter
- deō hānō imundū saub hicimptīvī
I tried to enter the temple, but I was not let in.
- deō hānō imundū saub hicimptīvī
īmus
[ˈiː.mʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
īma; E.NOM.SG
īmuṅ
From PI eimos, from PME ḥei- “cardinal number one, singular, alone.”
- cardinal number one
Descendants:
- Ilesse: iu
- S'entin: am
- Tevrés: imo
imnī
[ˈɪ̃m.niː] adv.
From PI epnis, from epniōr, from PME ḥep-né-ḫōr from root ḥep- “to remain, to be left over, to be in excess, to be too many.”
- not very (with a negative sentence), not much
- excessively, too much
imter
[ˈɪ̃m.tɛɽ] adv.
From earlier impter, from īmus + teriç "I turn."
indus
[ˈɪ̃n.dʊs] n. c.
GEN.SG
indëris
From PI əndos, from PME ḥṇd-óš- from root ḥend “mind, thought, spirit, heart.”
- mind, heart, spirit
- core, center, origin, source
- capital city
- leader, chief
Descendants:
- Ilesse: indre
- S'entin: andre
- Tevrés: enre
ioveç
[ˈjɔ.ʋɛt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
iovēghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
ioctus; OPT.1SG
ioxid;
PFV.1SG
iovēvī
From PI djegʷējets, from PME ďďieggw “to carve, to scratch, to etch.” Cognate with Dalitian zépteis.
- it writes me
- it draws me
Descendants:
- Ilesse: joveaga
- S'entin: jouvoie
- Tevrés: jovía
iūceç
[ˈjuːcɛt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
iūcēghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
iūctus; OPT.1SG
iūxid;
PFV.1SG
iūcēvī
From PI joukējets, from PME ieuc “to attach, to hook onto, to stick onto.”
- it attaches me, it joins me, it adds me, appends me, affixes me, sticks me, glues me, fastens me, sews me on, applies me (ointment)
- it furnishes me (e.g. furniture in a house)
- it puts me on, it wears me (small trinkets, jewellery, glasses, etc.)
- it appraises me, it puts a price on me, it sets me
- it gives me a name
- it keeps an eye on me
Descendants:
- Ilesse: juzeaga
- S'entin: juzoie
- Tevrés: juzía
iucēṅsuṅ
[jʊˈcẽː.sũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
iucēṅsī
From iuciç + -ēṅsus. Cognate with Dalitian zýkhatton "sword."
Descendants:
- Ilesse: jujessu
- S'entin: jouzois
- Tevrés: juzés
iuciç
[ˈjʊ.cɪt͡s] v. intr.
IMPF.INF
iucëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
iuctus; OPT.1SG
iuxid;
PFV.1SG
iucuī
From PI jukets, from PME ieuc “to attach, to hook onto, to stick onto.”
- I am attached, I am connecteed with, I adhere, I stick, I cling
- I am given (a name, a price)
Descendants:
- Ilesse: jozeaga
- S'entin: jouzoie
- Tevrés: jozía
iūlia
[ˈjuː.lja] n. c.
GEN.SG
iūliae
From PI jouljā, from PME ieul- “to chant, to sing, to recite.”
- song, music
- poem, poetry
- spell, curse, charm, enchantment, incantation
Descendants:
- Ilesse: julla
- S'entin: juille
- Tevrés: juya
iūliaī iūliaṅ
[ˈjuː.lja.iː ˈjuː.ljãː]
- "We shall sing a song," a phrase said traditionally at the beginning of a musical or poetic performance, can also be said before beginning any endeavour or activity that once started must end. It is similar in use to English "the die is cast."
iūliç
[ˈjuː.lɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
iūlīghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
iultus; OPT.1SG
iullid;
PFV.1SG
iūlīvī
From iūlia.
- it sings me, it says, recites me (a poem)
- it composes me (a song or poem)
- it curses me, casts me (a spell)
Descendants:
- Ilesse: juliga
- S'entin: julie
- Tevrés: julía
iūlïtus
[ˈjuːlː.tʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
iūlïtus
From ioveç + lotus, from earlier jewilotos.
- scribe
Descendants:
- Ilesse: juitu
- S'entin: joue
- Tevrés: juch
iullïtus
[ˈjʊlːː.tʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
iullïtī
From iūliç + lotus.
- singer, muse
Descendants:
- Ilesse: juitu
- S'entin: joue
- Tevrés: juch
iumīnus
[jʊˈmiː.nʊs] n. c.
GEN.SG
iumīnī
From iumus + -īnus.
- a pigmy, a person of short stature
- a person of little importance, an uncharismatic person
- (late) a commoner, a peasant
Descendants:
- Tevrés: jomin
iumus
[ˈjʊ.mʊs] n. c.
C.NOM.SG
iuma; E.NOM.SG
iumuṅ
From PI gjumos, from PME ggieu "to lick, to taste, to savour."
- a lick, a bit, a small amount, a trifle
iūrus
[ˈjuː.rʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
iūra; E.NOM.SG
iūruṅ
From PI gjouzos, from PME ggieu "to lick, to taste, to savour." Cognate with Dalitian zóulos. Hence also gȳmus "a bit, a lick".
- having a nice taste; tasty, delectable
- good, nice, pleasant
- healthy, well, in good health
Descendants:
- Ilesse: juru
- S'entin: jur
- Tevrés: jur
L
lador
[ˈla.dɔɽ] v. stat.
IMPF.INF
lassī; PFV.PTCP
lassus; OPT.1SG
lassō;
PFV.1SG
lēdō
From PI laðōr, from PME lehd - “to be warm, to be well.”
- I am happy, glad, joyous
- lador et carpidïnī vandō tibī deāstī
I am glad that you would choose me to go to Carpider.
- lador et carpidïnī vandō tibī deāstī
legiç
[ˈɫɛ.ɲɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
legëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
lēctus; OPT.1SG
lēxid;
PFV.1SG
lēgī
From PI legets, from PME ḫleyy- “to sway, to wave.”
- it assembles me, collects me, gathers me
- it chooses me, it picks me, it selects me
Descendants:
- Ilesse: leaga
- S'entin: lëoie
- Tevrés: leía
līrrēs
[ˈliːr.reːs] n. c.
GEN.SG
līrrī
From collective form of līs, through intermediate līreris
- letter, brief, message
- handwriting
Descendants:
- Ilesse: llire
- S'entin: lir
- Tevrés: llir
līs
[liːs] n. c.
GEN.SG
līris
From PI leis, from PME ḫwlei- “to cut, to carve, to etch.”
- letter, character, glyph
Descendants:
- Ilesse: llire
- S'entin: lir
- Tevrés: lir
lontuṅ
[ˈɫɔ̃n.tũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
lontī
From PI lontom, from PME lemḥ “foot, to walk, to tread.” Hence also lēms "foot," limöra "step."
- plain, field
- ground, earth
Descendants:
- Ilesse: lontu
- S'entin: lont
- Tevrés: lluente
lupeç
[ˈɫʊ.pɛt͡s] v. intr.
IMPF.INF
lupēghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
luptus;
OPT.1SG
lupsid; PFV.1SG
lupēvī
From PI slupējets, from PME šleup- “to shout, to scream; a loud noise.”
- I weep, I cry, I lament
- I shout, I cry, I scream, I shriek, I yell, I exclaim
Descendants:
- Ilesse: luveaga
- S'entin: louvoie
- Tevrés: lovía
M
mater
[ˈma.tɛɽ] n. t.
GEN.SG
matëris
From Dalitian mathḗs. Cognate with native menter.
- senator, representative; high ranking legislative official
Descendants:
- Ilesse: intre
- S'entin: maîre
- Tevrés: madre, máter
mavaç
[ˈma.ʋat͡s] v. intr.
IMPF.INF
mavāghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
mavātus; OPT.1SG
mavārid;
PFV.1SG
māvī
From PI mowāts, from PME meuḫw- “to turn, to revolve, to spin.”
- I turn, I revolve
- I search for something
- I visit several places
- māvis haccānā cepricïtïcābus plātīs
They visited the graves of their ancestors on the plain.
- māvis haccānā cepricïtïcābus plātīs
Descendants:
- Ilesse: mavà
- S'entin: maivée
- Tevrés: mavá
mē
[meː] adv.
From earlier mēg, mēc, from mēgus.
- indeed, really, absolutely, truly, actually, very, quite
- iultïsur mē iūs
They can sing quite well
- iultïsur mē iūs
mēdor
[ˈmeː.dɔɽ] v. stat.
IMPF.INF
mēdissī; PFV.PTCP
mēsus; OPT.1SG
mēsid;
PFV.1SG
mēvō
From PI mezðōr, from PME meḥš- “to follow, to lag behind.”
- I follow, I come after
- mēderra cās mīsïda cānī lūcïdō
The Misid month follows the Lucid month.
- mēderra cās mīsïda cānī lūcïdō
mēgestuṅ
[meːˈɲɛs.tũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
mēgestī
From mēgus + -estuṅ.
- truth, reality, fact
- se mēgestūnē. tauniaunē. hipplior iūs.
Is this reality? Is this a dream? I cannot tell.
- se mēgestūnē. tauniaunē. hipplior iūs.
- right, correct, upright, well-done
- iovēvane ubraṅ iūliam mēgeste
You recited the poem marvellously.
- iovēvane ubraṅ iūliam mēgeste
Descendants:
- Ilesse: meistu
- S'entin: moyet
- Tevrés: meste
mēgus
[ˈmeː.ŋʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
mēga; E.NOM.SG
mēguṅ
From PI mēgos from PME meḥyy "true, truth." Cognate with Dalitian mêkos, Stric mājaḥ, Old Mirian māda.
- true, real, genuine, actual
- proper, suitable
- right, just
meniç
[ˈmɛ.nɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
menīghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
mentus; OPT.1SG
mēsid;
PFV.1SG
menuī
From PI menjets, from PME men “body, shape; alike.”
- it pleases me, appeases me
- I like it, I enjoy it
- meniç tīn tessūs salvae vōnïtūs cartūsquo
I like to drink tea, read books, and dance. - hicauctistīnē menīsso nīgēs
Can you not see that he likes you?
- meniç tīn tessūs salvae vōnïtūs cartūsquo
Descendants:
- Ilesse: meiga
- S'entin: menie
- Tevrés: menía
menter
[ˈmɛ̃n.tɛɽ] n. t.
GEN.SG
mentëris
From PI məntēr from PME mṇ-tḗr-, from root men "body; to be equal, to be like, to resemble."
- sibling; brother or sister of around similar age
- peer, classmate, coworker, etc. (person of similar age)
- comrade
Descendants:
- Ilesse: mentre
- S'entin: mentre
- Tevrés: mientre
merror
[ˈmɛr.rɔɽ] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
merrissī; PFV.PTCP
mersus; OPT.1SG
mersō;
PFV.1SG
merruō
From PI merzōr, from PME merš- “to pile, to stack.”
- to be piled up, to lie on top of one another
- to come after one another, to happen over and over, to pile up, to accumulate
- to overlap, to occur at the same time, to happen simultaneously
Descendants:
- Ilesse: merriga
- S'entin: merie
- Tevrés: merría
murra
[ˈmʊr.ra] n. c.
GEN.SG
murrae
From PI morzā from PME merš "to stack, to pile."
- wall, partition, barrier, obstacle
- (plural) walled city, town
- (plural) fortress, encampment
- pēcenda tibōrer murrae carpidïnīs
The Tibori took the fortress at Carpider.
- pēcenda tibōrer murrae carpidïnīs
Descendants:
- Ilesse: mura
- S'entin: morre
- Tevrés: morra
mȳna
[ˈmyː.na] n. c.
GEN.SG
mȳnae
From PI mūīnā from PME ḥmuḥ-íḫn-eḫ-, from root ḥmuḥ "to swell, to break."
- chest, breast
- breasts, bosom, bust
- heart
- stomach
- heart, mind, feelings
- hollow, cavity
- curve, fold, winding
- gulf, bay (see. mȳneuṅ)
Descendants:
- Ilesse: miña
- S'entin: minne
- Tevrés: mina
mȳneuṅ
[ˈmyː.ne.ũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
mȳneī
From mȳna + -euṅ.
Descendants:
- Ilesse: miu
- S'entin: min
- Tevrés: miño
N
nē
[neː] part.
From PME nē "not."
- interrogative marker, question marker
nemiç
[ˈnɛ.mɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
nemëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
nemïtus; OPT.1SG
nemsid;
PFV.1SG
nemuī
From PI nemets, from PME nemḫw "to name, to call, to summon."
- it sues me, it calls me to court
- it judges me
Descendants:
- Ilesse: nega
- S'entin: niemme
- Tevrés: nemía
nemō
[ˈnɛ.moː] n. t.
GEN.SG
nemōnis
From nemiç + -ō.
- judge, barrister, lawyer
Descendants:
- Ilesse: neve
- S'entin: nemon
- Tevrés: nemon
nīlea
[ˈniː.ɫe.a] n. c.
GEN.SG
nīleae
From nīs + -ülea.
Descendants:
- Ilesse: nilla
- S'entin: nille
- Tevrés: nía
nīrïdus
[ˈniː.rɨ.dʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
nīrïda; E.NOM.SG
nīrïduṅ;
From nīs + -ïdus.
- popular, public; related to the people
nīs
[niːs] n. t.
GEN.SG
nīris
From PI ŋnēis, from PME ynéḥ-iš-, from root yneḥ "dirt, soil, earth."
- person, wumbo
- human being, human
- another person, other person, others
- adult
Descendants:
- Ilesse: inre
- S'entin: nir
- Tevrés: nir
noma
[ˈnɔ.ma] n. c.
GEN.SG
nomae
From PI nomos, from PME nemḫw "to name, to call, to summon."
- name; specifically one's personal name
Descendants:
- Ilesse: noa
- S'entin: nomme
- Tevrés: nuema
nōruṅ
[ˈnoː.rũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
nōrī
From PI ŋnōzom, from PME neḥ "to till, to drive, to plow."
- field (for agriculture)
Descendants:
- Ilesse: noa
- S'entin: nomme
- Tevrés: nuema
Ñ
O
oeliç
[ˈøː.lɪt͡s] v. intr.
IMPF.INF
oelīghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
oeltus; OPT.1SG
oellid;
PFV.1SG
oeluī
From oeluṅ.
- I work, I labour
- I function, I operate, I am effective
oelïdus
[ˈøː.lɨ.dʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
oelïda; E.NOM.SG
oelïduṅ
From oeluṅ + -ïdus.
- of or related to work, labour, profession
- (cyclical substantive) professional name, professional title (e.g. iūlïtus prīstus materris "first scribe of the senate").
Descendants:
- Ilesse: eidu
- S'entin: œud
- Tevrés: elde
oelinna
[øːˈlɪ̃n.na] n. c.
GEN.SG
oelinnae
From oeluṅ + -inna. Alternative ūlinna.
- odd job; small work, task
Descendants:
- Ilesse: eina
- S'entin: elanne
- Tevrés: ileña
oellïtus
[ˈøːlːː.tʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
oellïtī
From oeluṅ + lotus, through medial **oelolotus. Alternate of oerolïtus.
- worker, (manual) labourer
Descendants:
- Ilesse: eitu
- S'entin: œut
- Tevrés: eute
oeluṅ
[ˈøː.ɫũː] v. tr.
GEN.SG
oelī
From earlier oi(d)ɮom, from PI ḫweiddł-ó-, from PME ḫweiddł “to work, to labour, toil.” Cognate with Dalitian oisḗ, Fyrdic aitɬą, Stiric ejam, Old Marian aidam. Hence also oeliç "to work."
- work, labour
- job, business, occupation
oeta
[ˈøː.ta] n. c.
GEN.SG
oetae
From oetaç ("make a noise, sound").
Descendants:
- Ilesse: eada
- S'entin: oie
- Tevrés: eda
oetaç
[ˈøː.tat͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
oetāghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
oetïtus; OPT.1SG
oesid;
PFV.1SG
oetuī
From PI oitāts, from PME ḥeit ("to sound, resound").
- it sounds me, utters me, speaks me, expresses me, calls me, rings me
- it cries me out, calls me; sings me, celebrates me, praises me, extols me
(middle)
- I make a noise, sound, resound
Descendants:
- Ilesse: edaga
- S'entin: oyée
- Tevrés: edá
oerolïtus
[øːˈrɔlː.tʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
oerolïtī
From oeluṅ + lotus, through medial **oelolotus. Alternate of oellïtus.
- worker, (manual) labourer
Descendants:
- Ilesse: iroute
- S'entin: érout
- Tevrés: erote
ondeç
[ˈɔ̃n.dɛt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
ondēghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
ōṅsus; OPT.1SG
ōṅsid;
PFV.1SG
ondēvī
From earlier ondejets, from PI ḥond-éie-ti, from PME ḥend “mind, thought, spirit, heart.”
- it alerts me, it advises me
- it reminds me, it tells me
Descendants:
- Ilesse: ondeaga
- S'entin: onnoie
- Tevrés: onía
ōtior
[ˈoː.tjɔɽ] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
ōtiōris; E.NOM.SG
ōtiōre
From PI ōtujōr, from PME heťu “fast, swift."
- faster, swifter, quicker
- earlier
- rather, sooner, earlier
- ved carmïnō ōtior et cōmō exed
I’d rather go to the ocean than return home.
- ved carmïnō ōtior et cōmō exed
P
paciç
[ˈpa.cɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
pacīghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
pactus; OPT.1SG
paxid;
PFV.1SG
pēcī
From PI pakjets, from PME peḥk “ to take, to grab, to grasp.”
- it takes me, grabs me, grasps me
- it captures me, seizes me
- pēcenda tibōrer murrae carpidïnīs
The Tibori took the fortress at Carpider.
- pēcenda tibōrer murrae carpidïnīs
- it takes me in, it understands me
- it has me (a meal)
Descendants:
- Ilesse: pajiga
- S'entin: paizie
- Tevrés: pazía
paçīnuṅ
[paˈt͡siː.nũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
paçīnī
From PI potsīnom from PME poť-iḥ-nó- from root peť “ to cook, to bake (in an oven), to boil, to make a stew, to ripen.”
- kitchen
- inn, tavern
Descendants:
- Ilesse: paziu
- S'entin: paisin
- Tevrés: pazin
pannuṅ
[ˈpãn.nũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
pannī
From PI pennom from PME peť-nó from root peť “ to cook, to bake (in an oven), to boil, to make a stew, to ripen.”
- bread, pastries, pastry based products
Descendants:
- Ilesse: panu
- S'entin: pan
- Tevrés: paño
paṅqus
[ˈpãɴ.qʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
paṅquī
From PI paɴqʷos from PME peḥñ “head, horn, top.”
- horn, antler, tusk
- head, top, highest point, peak
- (of an non-horned wumbo) nose
Derived terms:
- appeṅquaç
Descendants:
- Ilesse: pangu
- S'entin: pang
- Tevrés: pango
pēluṅ
[ˈpeː.ɫũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
pēlī
From PI petslom from PME peť-šló- from root peť “ to cook, to bake (in an oven), to boil, to make a stew, to ripen.”
- kiln, oven, furnace
Descendants:
- Ilesse: pei
- S'entin: peu
- Tevrés: pel
pemmen
[ˈpɛ̃m.mɛ̃n] n. e.
GEN.SG
pemmïnis
From PI petmən from PME peť-mṇ- from root peť “ to cook, to bake (in an oven), to boil, to make a stew, to ripen.”
- food cooked by boiling or stewing
- pepper
Descendants:
- Ilesse: pemme
- S'entin: pemme
- Tevrés: piembre
pera
[ˈpɛ.ra] n. c.
GEN.SG
pera
From mimetic perper ("quick speech"). See also perpërīnus and periç.
- speech, word, chatter
- hiccoffersërate faec cartae iumïdam peraṅ
I cannot stand the idle chatter of this party.
- hiccoffersërate faec cartae iumïdam peraṅ
Descendants:
- Ilesse: pera
- S'entin: piere
- Tevrés: piera
persus
[ˈpɛr.sʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
persa;E.NOM.SG
persuṅ
From PI pressos from PME pred-tó-, from root pred “to join, to attach, to suit, to agree or be in unison with.”
- fair, appropriate, suitable
- just, equitable
- correct, right
Descendants:
- Ilesse: pessu
- S'entin: pés
- Tevrés: pies
pliç
[plɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
plīghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
plītus; OPT.1SG
plīrid;
PFV.1SG
plīvī
From PI plijets, from PME plei “to divide, to dissect.”
- it knows me, is aware of me
- it understands me, grasps me, comprehends me
- it notices me, feels me
prīstus
[ˈpriːs.tʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
prīsta; E.NOM.SG
prīstuṅ
From PI prīsotos from old particle pri “before” (supplanted by pae) + -isotos (see -issïtus).
- (ordinal) first
- (with adj.) superlative, -est; the most
Descendants:
- Ilesse: pristu
- S'entin: prît
- Tevrés: priste
possus
[ˈpɔs.sʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
possī
From PI possos from PME póť-to- from root peť “ to cook, to bake (in an oven), to boil, to make a stew, to ripen.”
- cook, chef
Descendants:
- Ilesse: possu
- S'entin: pós
- Tevrés: pues
pūter
[ˈpuː.tɛɽ] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
pūtëra; E.NOM.SG
pūtëruṅ;
From PI pūteros from PME peuḥ “to shine, to sparkle, to glimmer.”
- pretty, lovely, beautiful, fair
- clean, clear, pure, tidy, neat
- completely, entirely
Descendants:
- Ilesse: pudru
- S'entin: pûre
- Tevrés: pudre
Q
qūs
[quːs] n. t.
IMPF.INF
qūris
From PI qūs, from PME qúḥ-š- “pig, swine.”
- pig, boar, pork
QU
quo
[qʷɔ] part.
From PI qʷe, from PME qwe “and.”
(particle)
- and
- also, too, in addition, as well, even
(conjugation)
- if, when
R
rādeor
[ˈraː.de.ɔɽ] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
rādēsī; PFV.PTCP
rāsus; OPT.1SG
rāsō;
PFV.1SG
rādēvō
From PI xrādējōr, from PME yerḥ “to be strong, powerful, capable.” Hence also rāscus "strong."
- I am scary, frightening, eerie, dreadful
- rādērra satercās tīrhaelī
My child is afraid of the dark.
- rādērra satercās tīrhaelī
Descendants:
- Tevrés: arraía
rennuṅ
[ˈrɛ̃n.nũː] n. e.
IMPF.INF
rennī
From PI rənnom, from PME rṇ-nó from root renḫw- “to lead, to rule, to be straight, to straighten.”
Descendants:
- Ilesse: irrenu
- S'entin: ran
- Tevrés: arreño
rēs
[reːs] n. t.
IMPF.INF
rēnis
From PI rēns, from PME rēnḫw-š from root renḫw- “to lead, to rule, to be straight, to straighten.”
- king, monarch, ruler, leader, sovereign
Descendants:
- Ilesse: irrẽ
- S'entin: ran
- Tevrés: arren
RH
rhaecus
[ˈr̥ɛː.kʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
rhaecua; E.NOM.SG
rhaecuṅ
From PI r̥āikʷos, from PME ďéḫi-kʷo-, from root ďeḫi “small, few, little.”
- few, little, scarce, insufficient, seldom
Descendants:
- Ilesse: regu
- S'entin: rieu
- Tevrés: rieguo
rhael
[r̥ɛːɫ] n. t.
IMPF.INF
rhaelis
From PI r̥āil, from PME ďéḫi-li-, from root ďeḫi “small, few, little.”
- child, son or daughter
- person
- heir, prince
Descendants:
- Ilesse: rei
- S'entin: rieu
- Tevrés: riel
rhaius
[ˈr̥aj.jʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
rhaia; E.NOM.SG
rhaiuṅ
From PI r̥ajjos, from PME ďḫi-ió-, from root ďeḫi “small, few, little.”
- small, little, tiny
Descendants:
- Ilesse: reiu
- S'entin: rai
- Tevrés: rey
S
sacūs
[ˈsa.kuːs] n. t.
GEN.SG
sacȳs
From PI sakus from PME šḥecu- “to be sharp, pointy acidic, bitter.”
- needle, pin, spike
Descendants:
- Ilesse: sagu
- S'entin: sau
- Tevrés: sague
saepiç
[ˈsɛː.pɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
saepīghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
saeptus;
OPT.1SG
saepsid; PFV.1SG
saepīvī
From PI saipjets from PME šḫeip “to cut, slice, cut through.”
- it cuts me, it cuts through me
- it severs me
- it terminates me
- it opens me (something sealed)
- it starts me
- it reduces me, decreases me
- it crosses me, traverses me
- it acts decisively towards me, it resolves me
- it dismisses me, it sacks me, lets me go
- it trumps me
- it finishes me, completes me
- it kills me (a human) with a sword
Descendants:
- Ilesse: seviga
- S'entin: sevie
- Tevrés: sebía
salva
[ˈsaɫ.ʋa] n. c.
GEN.SG
salvae
From PI salwā from PME šḫl-w-eḫ- from root šeḫl “to spin, to furl, to curl.”
- book, volume, script
Descendants:
- Ilesse: souva
- S'entin: sauve
- Tevrés: salva
salvar
[ˈsaɫ.ʋaɽ] n. c.
GEN.SG
salvāris
From collective form of salva.
- collection, cannon (literary, judicial, etc.), library (in abstract)
Descendants:
- Ilesse: souvare
- S'entin: sauver
- Tevrés: salvar
salvāriuṅ
[saɫˈʋaː.rjũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
salvārī
From salvar + iuṅ.
- library (a physical location), bookshelf; any place for storing books
- shelf, shelves, ledge, rack
Descendants:
- Ilesse: souveiru
- S'entin: sauver
- Tevrés: salver
saub
[sɔːb] prep.
From PI sāuβ, from PME se-ḫubi.
(preposition)
- only, just, merely, simply, no more than, nothing but, alone
- (with -quo) even
(conjunction)
- but, however, though, nevertheless, still, yet, even so
seriç
[ˈsɛ.rɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
serëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
sestus;
OPT.1SG
sessid; PFV.1SG
sevī
From PI sezets from PME še-šḫw-é-ti, reduplicated form root šeḫw "to point; ray." Cognate with Dalitian héois, Stiric sasati, Old Marian hahatiy.
- it pierces me, stabs me, prick me, sticks me, thrusts into me (see īṅsëriç)
- it points to me, it identifies me, indicates me (axëriç)
- it nominates me, it selects me
- it shines on me (see apsëriç)
- moeiç au carmen serentuṅ
I like to see the sun shining on the ocean.
- moeiç au carmen serentuṅ
- it holds me (an umbrella, flag, etc.) up, it raises me (see surrïdiç)
- it extend me (one's arm) forward (see collëriç)
- it wears me (a sword) at the waist (see illëriç)
- it pours me (liquid), it serves me (drinks) (see dērïdiç)
(auxiliary)
- it orders, directs, dictates it to do something
- seva rēs turātāriṅ soncarpidïnīs murrae façëghaṅ
The king ordered the army to erect walls around Carpidre.
- seva rēs turātāriṅ soncarpidïnīs murrae façëghaṅ
Descendants:
- Ilesse: sariga
- S'entin: serie
- Tevrés: sería
sterus
[ˈstɛ.rʊs] adj. n.
C.NOM.SG
stera; E.NOM.SG
steruṅ
From PI steros from PME š-ťér-o- from root ťer “to hit down, to smack, to beat, to pack down.” Cognate with Stiric ṣṭaraḥ (Doti ṭharo).
- hard, solid, tough
- stiff, inflexible, rigid
- strong, firm
Descendants:
- Ilesse: isteru
- S'entin: ètier
- Tevrés: estier
sīcaç
[ˈsiː.kat͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
sīcāghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
sīcātus;
OPT.1SG
sīcārid; PFV.1SG
sīcāvī
From PI seikājō, from PME šeik “to taste, to try out, to notice.”
- it tastes me, savours me
- it experiences me, it undergoes me
- it attains me, earns me, wins me
Descendants:
- Ilesse: xigaga
- S'entin: sichée
- Tevrés: sigá
sūbiç
[ˈsuː.bɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
sūbëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
sūptus;
OPT.1SG
sūpsid; PFV.1SG
sūvī
From PI soiðets, from PME šeid “to drive, to push, to strike, to thrust.” β to ð perhaps occurred due to confusion between oi and ou. Found alongside dialectal sībiç. Cognate with Dalitian hídeis, Stiric sédhati. Hence also silluṅ "plow," simmus "strike."
- it pushes me, drives me, hurls me, compels me, propels me
- s'oelun nemōnis nīrī mēgestum perre sūptū
It is the job of the judge to compel people to tell the truth.
- s'oelun nemōnis nīrī mēgestum perre sūptū
- it expels me, banishes me, ejects me, casts me out
- sūvend rēs matërī audindërī
The king banished the senate from the capital.
- sūvend rēs matërī audindërī
- it strikes me, it sets me in motion
- it moves me
Derived terms:
- cērūbiç
Descendants:
- Ilesse: suviga
- S'entin: suvie
- Tevrés: subía
sumor
[ˈsʊ.mɔr] v. stat.
IMPF.INF
sumissī; PFV.PTCP
sumptus;
OPT.1SG
sumsid; PFV.1SG
sūmō
From PI sumōr from PME šeum “to warm, hot.”
- I am warm, hot
- sumerra prīste fac cās appū
This month will be the hottest of the year.
- sumerra prīste fac cās appū
Descendants:
- Ilesse: suiga
- S'entin: sommie
- Tevrés: somía
sunç
[sʊ̃nt͡s] cop.
IMPF.INF
seṅaṅ; PFV.PTCP
quitus;
OPT.1SG
sēsid; PFV.1SG
quī
From PI sonts from PME šem “to be, to exist.”
Descendants:
- Ilesse: sũ
- S'entin: sonz
- Tevrés: son
T
tīn
[tĩːn] n. e.
GEN.SG
tīnis
From PI tein, of unknown origins, probably a loan.
- tea; black tea
Descendants:
- Ilesse: çi
- S'entin: tin
- Tevrés: tin
telliç
[ˈtɛl.lɪt͡s] v. tr.
IMPF.INF
tellëghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
tulsus; OPT.1SG
tulsid;
PFV.1SG
tolī
From PI telnets, from PME tedłḫw “to see, to know.” Originally meaning "to know, to learn," was shifted to replace the similar toleç "to tell, make known." Original meaning was then replaced by tesciç "to learn, grasp."
- it teaches me, it instructs me
- it tells me, it informs me
Derived terms:
- abstelliç "It tells them about me"
Descendants:
- Ilesse: telliga
- S'entin: tellie
- Tevrés: tellía
trāvaç
[ˈtraː.ʋat͡s] v. intr.
IMPF.INF
trāvāghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
trāvātus; OPT.1SG
trāvārid;
PFV.1SG
trāvāvī
From PI trāwā, from PME treḫ “to tend to, to nurture.”
- I walk
Descendants:
- Ilesse: travaga
- S'entin: traivée
- Tevrés: travá
TL
tlāna
[ˈtɬaː.na] n. c.
GEN.SG
tlānae
From PI tɬaznā, from PME tłeḫš “to bloom, to blossom.”
- flower, blossom
- the best of something, the peak
Descendants:
- Ilesse: xã
- S'entin: lhaine
- Tevrén: lhana
tlānāria
[tɬaːˈnaː.rja] n. c.
GEN.SG
tlānārī
From tlāna + -āria.
Descendants:
- Ilesse: xeira
- S'entin: lhainère
- Tevrén: lhanera
tlis
[t͡ɬɪs] pro.
GEN.SG
tleī
From PME tł- “what.”
- interrogative pronoun; what, which
- relative pronoun; that, which
U
uma
[ˈʊ.ma] n. t.
GEN.SG
umae
From PI omā, possibly from baby talk.
Descendants:
- Ilesse: ma
- S'entin: ouma
- Tevrés: oma
ūrus
[ˈuː.rʊs] n. t.
GEN.SG
ūrī
From PI ouros, from PME ḥeuď ("to bend, bend over").
- back, behind, rear
V
vaç
[ʋat͡s] v. intr.
IMPF.INF
vaghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
vatus;
OPT.1SG
varid; PFV.1SG
vaevī
From PI wats, from PME weḫw “to go, to walk.”
- I go, I move (in a direction) I head (towards somewhere)
vecuṅ
[ˈʋɛ.kũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
vecī
From PI wekom, from PME uekḫ “ illness, sickness, disease, disability, disfigurement, bad luck, curse.”
- poison, toxicant, venom
- harm, evil influence, curse
- ill will, spite, malice
Descendants:
- Ilesse: vegu
- S'entin: viec
- Tevrés: viego
velior
[ˈʋɛ.ljɔɽ] v. stat.
IMPF.INF
velīsī; PFV.PTCP
velïtus;
OPT.1SG
vellō; PFV.1SG
veluō
From PI gʷeljōr, from PME ggweli "to be lying down on one side, to be resting, to be prone."
- I am sad, scared, dejected
- I am weak
- I am prone to, I am weak against
Descendants:
- Ilesse: velliga
- S'entin: veillie
- Tevrés: velía
veniç
[ˈʋɛ.nɪt͡s] v. intr.
IMPF.INF
venīghaṅ; PFV.PTCP
ventus;
OPT.1SG
veniërid; PFV.1SG
venīvī
From PI gʷənjets, from PME ggw-ṇ-í-ti “I am victorious, I am winning, I win,” n-present of root ggwei “I am able, I have won.” Hence also voenuṅ “arm, skill.”
- I win, I again victory, I prevail
Descendants:
- Ilesse: veiniga
- S'entin: venie
- Tevrés: venía
voenuṅ
[ˈʋøː.nũː] n. e.
GEN.SG
voenī
From PI gʷoinom, from PME ggwoi-nó-m “strength, skill,” from root ggwei “I am able, I have won.” Hence also veniç “I win.”
Descendants:
- Ilesse: veiu
- S'entin: vein
- Tevrés: ven
vōmen
[ˈʋoː.mɛ̃n] n. e.
GEN.SG
vōmïnis
From PI weksmən, from PME ueggš- “ to stream, to flow, to run, to sweep, to spread; to drift, to float, to wander, to stray.”
Descendants:
- Ilesse: vomme
- S'entin: vomme
- Tevrés: vombre