Verse:Irta/English: Difference between revisions

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*NURSE = əʀ
*NURSE = əʀ
*START = TRAP + ʀ
*START = TRAP + ʀ
*NORTH = LOT + ʀ
*NORTH = LOT + ʀ (the "horse" vowel)
*FORCE = GOAT + ʀ (the "or" in "Torah" is pronounced this way)
*FORCE = GOAT + ʀ (the "hoarse" vowel; "or" in "Torah" is pronounced this way)
*POOR = GOOSE + ʀ
*POOR = GOOSE + ʀ
*CURE = juʀ
*CURE = juʀ

Revision as of 02:02, 28 July 2019

English
Inglish
Pronunciation[/ˈɪŋglɪʃ/]
Created by
SettingVerse:Lõis
Indo-European

English in the Lõis timeline is an Indo-European language with pretty much exactly the same vocabulary and grammar as our English, but with a very different (in particular not descending from Proto-Germanic) history and orthography.

It is part of a sprachbund with Togarmite, Modern An Bhlaoighne and L-Persian.

Diachronics

PTTA to Middle TT-English

Middle TT-English to Modern TT-English

Orthography

uon, tô, thrê, phuor, phîv, six, sevn, aiht, nyn, ten

O Captin! My Captin! ûr phiêrphul trip is dôn;
Ðe ship has weđrd evrih rac, đe prise uê suht is wun;
Ðe port is niêr, đe bels ih hiêr, đe pơpul al exsulting,
Qhîl pholo eihs đe stedih kêl, đe vessl grim and dâring;
But O hart! hart! hart!
O đe blêding drops of red,
Qher on đe dec my captin lihs,
Phalen cold and diêd.


pelth₂óm > PPTA pheldă > phêld "field"

Accents

There are 4 to 5 main dialects of English.

L-Standard English

Californian + RP. Rhoticity in idiolectal or free variation.

Vowels

  • KIT = ɪ~ɪ̈
  • DRESS = ɛ̞
  • TRAP = BATH = a
  • PALM = ɑː
  • FOOT = ɘ
  • STRUT = ɜ̟~ɐ
  • LOT = CLOTH = ɔ~ɒ
  • THOUGHT = ɔː~ɒː
  • FLEECE = iː~ɪj
  • FACE = eɪ
  • PRICE = aɪ~ɑɪ
  • GOOSE = yː; uː before [ɫ]
  • GOAT = əʊ~əʏ; oʊ before [ɫ]
  • MOUTH = aʊ~æʊ~æʏ
  • NEAR = ɪə(r)
  • SQUARE = ɛə(r)
  • NURSE = əː(r)~ɜː(r)
  • START = ɑː(r)
  • NORTH = FORCE = POOR = oə(r)
  • CURE = joə(r)~jəː(r)~jɜː(r)
  • lettER = commA = ə(r)
  • happY = i
  • orange = [ɒɹɪndʒ~ɔɹɪndʒ]
  • Mary [mɛəɹi] ≈ merry [mɛɹi] ≠ marry [maɹi]
  • Mirror-nearer distinction
  • Hurry-furry distinction
  • No mergers before /l/

Consonants

  • L is light [l] before vowels and dark [ɫ] otherwise, as in RP.
    • wholly-holy split.
  • No glottal reinforcement before stops.
  • /p t k/ are unaspirated after stressed syllables as in AmE.
  • /d t/ has a tapped [ɾ] allophone in similar environments as in American English.
  • wine-whine merger optional.

Pseudo-Ashkenazi Hebrew accent

  • KIT = ɪ
  • DRESS = ɛ
  • TRAP = BATH = a
  • PALM = ɑː
  • FOOT = STRUT = ʏ
  • LOT = CLOTH = THOUGHT = o
  • FLEECE = iː
  • FACE = ɛɪ~æɪ
  • PRICE = ɑɪ~ɒɪ
  • GOOSE = uː
  • GOAT = CHOICE = oɪ~øʏ
  • MOUTH = aʏ~aʊ
  • NEAR = FLEECE + ʀ
  • SQUARE = FACE + ʀ
  • NURSE = əʀ
  • START = TRAP + ʀ
  • NORTH = LOT + ʀ (the "horse" vowel)
  • FORCE = GOAT + ʀ (the "hoarse" vowel; "or" in "Torah" is pronounced this way)
  • POOR = GOOSE + ʀ
  • CURE = juʀ
  • lettER = əʀ
  • commA = ə
  • happY = i
  • Mary [mɛɪʀi] ≠ merry [mɛʀi] ≠ marry [maʀi]
  • mirror [mɪʀəʀ] ≠ nearer [niʀəʀ]
  • hurry [hʏʀɪ] ≠ furry [fəʀɪ]
  • /l/ is always light
  • /r/ = [ʀ~ʁ]
  • Irish style spirantized /t/

[ol hu:mən bijənz əʀ boʀən fʀi: ən i:kwəl ɪn dɪgnɪθ̱i ən ʀɑɪts. ðɛɪ əʀ ɪndaʏd wið ʀi:zən ən konʃəns ən ʃʏd akt toʀds won ənʏðəʀ ɪn ə spɪʀɪθ̱ əv bʀʏðəχʏd]


A rhotic accent

Rhotic with R-colored vowels using uvular r

  • KIT = [ɪ],
  • DRESS = [ɛ] (but it gets raised before fricatives),
  • TRAP = [a] usually, /ɔ:/ before nasals
  • LOT merges with TRAP
  • THOUGHT = [uə] (and some words with silent -gh are pronounced with /f/ like thought = [θuft])
  • GOAT = [oə]
  • FOOT = STRUT = [ɨ]
  • GOOSE = [y]
  • PRICE = [ei] before fricatives, [ae] otherwise
  • MOUTH = [ou] before fricatives, [ɑo] otherwise
  • FLEECE = Viby-i
  • FACE = [iɛ]
  • PALM = [a]

A pre-Grimm accent

  • /f θ h hw/ = [pʰ tʰ kʰ~x kwʰ~xw]
  • /v/ = [b~β]
  • /ʍ/ = [ʍ]
  • /r/ = [ɾ~ɹ]
  • /ʃ/ = [sx~sʰ]